Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-123).

published_or_final_version / Economics / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / Statistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

One purpose of the thesis is to find the role of the cohort effect in changes in the wage structure of urban China. We construct synthetic cohort data from the repeated cross-sections of Urban Household Survey (UHS) 1988-2002, and get a series of interesting results on wages. Our analysis is not only the first study in cohort patterns of wage structure in economic transition, but also the first study that systematically discusses the winners and losers during economic transition in urban China. Besides, our study makes contributions in the further discussion of factors influencing cohort effect. Furthermore, the thesis provides the first study in the role of cohort effect in estimating returns to education and age premium. Lastly, this thesis decomposes factors affecting the growth of wage and wage inequality, and finds that the cohort effect is mainly responsible for the rapid wage growth and inequality increase in urban China. / The last twenty years have witnessed an economic transition for many countries, including the former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as China. Different from other countries, China has been experiencing a gradual and partial economic transition since the late 1970s. The consequences of the economic transition in all these countries are also quite different. Other transitional economies have recorded abrupt recessions, as reflected in negative GDP growth, a decline in wage, and an increase in unemployment. As a stark contrast, China has experienced a smooth and rapid economic growth in the last two and a half decades of economic transition. Its GDP growth has kept on a leading level with that of the whole world. Besides, the wage level, as well as wage inequality, has risen substantially. / The other purpose of this thesis is to find the role of the cohort effect in the dramatically declining labor force participation of urban China. Our study reveals that the cohort effect explains much of the decline in the labor force participation. This is the first study in analyzing labor participation in economic transition using synthetic cohort data, and we find that estimation of cross-section analysis of life-cycle participation is quite misleading. Besides, our study presents the first analysis of the wage structure effect on participation after separating the cohort effect from the age effect. Will higher inequality cause incentive effect or disincentive effect? Will results differ for men and women? This thesis provides a thorough analysis, and makes important contributions to the literature. / This thesis conducts research on wage structure and labor force participation during economic transition in urban China. One major contribution of this thesis is to separate the cohort effect from the age effect in analyzing labor market behavior in economic transition. Given the dramatic changes to the Chinese economy and society in the past half century, cohort quality, cohort size, cohort preference, and even labor market opportunities for each cohort will be very different. Therefore, inter-cohort differentials in labor market behaviors may be quite significant. However, previous studies usually employed cross-section analysis, and have ignored the cohort effect, which mixed up cohort effect and age effect and might cause the serious problem of bias in estimation. Our analysis avoids this problem. / Han Jun. / "September 2006." / Advisers: Juncen Zhang; Hongbin Li. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-03, Section: A, page: 1109. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-223). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

by Kwok Kwok-chuen. / Bibliography: leaves 62-63 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1984

by Lee Pik-shuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-62). / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Marriage Pay Differentials --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Age at Marriage and Earnings --- p.11 / Chapter III. --- MARRIAGE AND EARNINGS --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- A Simple Analysis of Marital Status in Hong Kong --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Regression Analysis for Marriage Effects on Earnings --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3 --- Regression Analysis for Cross-productivity Effects on Earnings --- p.29 / Chapter 3.4 --- Cross-productivity Effects upon Earnings for Couples Working in the Same Industry vs. Couples Working in Different Industries --- p.33 / Chapter 3.5 --- Further Analysis of Couples Working in the Same Industry: Cross- Productivity Effects on Earnings for Managerial Class Couples vs. Non-managerial Class Couples --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6 --- Cross-productivity Effects upon Earnings for Couples Working in the Same Field vs. Couples Workingin Different Fields --- p.41 / Chapter 3.7 --- Further Analysis of Couples Working in the Same Field: Cross-Productivity Effects on Earnings for Managerial Class Couples vs. Non-managerial Class Couples --- p.43 / Chapter IV. --- WAGE AND AGE AT MARRIAGE --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1 --- Regression Analysis of Wage Effect on Age at Marriage --- p.48 / Chapter 4.2 --- Regression Analysis of Marriage Duration Effects on Wage Rate --- p.51 / Chapter 4.3 --- Regression Analysis of Marriage Effect on Wives' Labor Supply --- p.54 / Chapter V. --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.58 / REFERENCES --- p.61 / TABLES --- p.63

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Economics

by Wong Wai-kin. / Added t.p. in Chinese. / Thesis (M.A.Ed.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references. / abstract --- p.i / acknowledgements --- p.iv / table op contents --- p.v / list op tables --- p.viii / list of illustrations --- p.xi / chapter / Chapter I. --- statement of the problem --- p.1 / Concern with Income Size Distribution --- p.1 / Income Size Distribution and Schooling --- p.4 / The Case of Hong Kong --- p.6 / The Problem of the Study --- p.8 / Chapter II. --- review op literature --- p.10 / Schooling As a Determinant of Income size Distribution: The Theories --- p.10 / Schooling As a Determinant of income size Distribution: The Evidence --- p.20 / Empirical Approaches in Several Previous Studies --- p.24 / Chapter III. --- the study --- p.44 / The Theoretical Framework --- p.44 / Schooling and Human Capital --- p.44 / Human Capital and Income size Distribution --- p.45 / Education Expansion and Cohort Differences in Schooling --- p.48 / The Hong Kong Context --- p.50 / The Research Hypotheses --- p.58 / Empirical Specification of the Model --- p.59 / The Earnings Inequality Function --- p.59 / The Variance Form of the Schooling Model --- p.66 / Data Source and Sample --- p.69 / Measurement of Variables --- p.70 / Chapter IV. --- schooling and the distribution op earnings in hong kong --- p.72 / The Aggregate Set --- p.72 / The Aggregate set Excluding Illiterates --- p.88 / The Overtaking Set --- p.93 / Observations on Age Groups --- p.102 / Chapter V. --- summary and conclusions --- p.107 / Summary and Conclusions --- p.107 / Significance and Comparison --- p.111 / Policy Implications --- p.112 / Limitations --- p.117 / references --- p.121 / appendices / Chapter A.I. --- DETERMINANTS OF INCOME SIZE DISTRIBUTION --- p.131 / Chapter A.II. --- ESTIMATION OF THE YEARS OF SCHOOLING --- p.132 / Chapter A.III. --- "MEANS, STANDARD DEVIATIONS, CORRELATIONS AND ADDITIONAL REGRESSION ESTIMATES" --- p.133

Sin Lai-ting. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-156). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract in English --- p.i / Abstract in Chinese --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Tables and Graphs --- p.vii / Chapter Chapter 1： --- lntroduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review and Application --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1) --- The Theory of Marriage and Family Formation --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2) --- The Theory of the Allocation of Time Between Family Members in Housework and Market Work --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3) --- Application of Becker's Theoretical Models to Different Variables --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4) --- Empirical Review on the Division of Labor between Husbands and Wives --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5) --- Decomposition of the wage differential of men and women --- p.31 / Chapter 2.6) --- Summary --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Methodology --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1) --- Changes in the Relative Economic Contribution of Husbands and Wives to Their Families --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2) --- Stable and Unstable Mating --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3) --- Reasons for the Changes in Economic Contribution of Husbands and Wives --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4) --- Decomposition of the Economic Contribution Differential --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5) --- Definitions of Control Variables --- p.48 / Chapter 3.6) --- Summary --- p.52 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Data and Sample Description --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1) --- Data and Sample Extraction --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2) --- Variable Characteristics --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- A First Look at the Changes in Relative Economic Contribution of Husbands and Wives --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1) --- Simple Data Analyses --- p.58 / Chapter 5.2) --- Pooled Regressions with Husband Dummy --- p.64 / Chapter 5.3) --- Summary --- p.70 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- An Analysis of Selected Characteristics between Husbands and Wives --- p.72 / Chapter 6.1 ) --- 2x2 Canonical Correlation Analyses --- p.72 / Chapter 6.2) --- 3x3 Canonical Correlation Analyses --- p.75 / Chapter 6.3) --- Summary --- p.78 / Chapter Chapter 7: --- Reasons for the Changes in Relative Economic Contribution of Husbands and Wives to Their Families --- p.79 / Chapter 7.1) --- Determinants of the Changes in Economic Contribution of Husbands and Wives to their families --- p.79 / Chapter 7.2) --- Decomposition of the Economic Contribution Differential of Husbands and Wives to their Families --- p.90 / Chapter 7.3) --- Summary --- p.93 / Chapter Chapter 8: --- Conclusion --- p.94 / Tables --- p.98 / Graphs --- p.129 / Flow Chart --- p.136 / Appendix --- p.137 / References --- p.153

by Ma Yat Bong. / Thesis (M.A.Ed.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Bibliography: leaves 99-104. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / LIST OF FIGURE --- p.xi / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.xii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.xiii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- DEFINING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- "Scope of Adult Education, Continuing Education and Adult Continuing Education" --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2 --- Justification for the Development of Adult Continuing Education --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3 --- Importance of the Economic Justification for the Development of Adult Continuing Education --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Human Capital Theory --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Adult Education as Post-School Human Capital Investment --- p.7 / Chapter 2.4 --- Studies on the Economic Impact of Adult Continuing Education --- p.9 / Chapter 2.5 --- Difficulties in Identifying the Economic Impact --- p.10 / Chapter 2.6 --- Statement of Research Problem --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- A REVIEW OF SELECTED LITERATURE --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- Economic Role of Adult Continuing Education --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Basic Education for Remedial Purposes --- p.14 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Training and Retraining for Vocational Skills --- p.15 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Employers' Sponsor and Corporate Effort Investment --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- Adult Continuing Education and Earnings --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Earnings and Programmes at Postgraduate Level --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Earnings and Programmes for Employment and Training --- p.19 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Earnings and Resource Conversion from Youth Education to Adult Continuing Education --- p.21 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DEVELOPMENT OF INSTITUTIONALIZED ADULT CONTINUING EDUCATION IN HONG KONG --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Historical Background and Its Recent Development --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- Adult Continuing in Hong Kong - Agencies --- p.29 / Chapter 4.3 --- Aims at Increasing Productivity and Earnings of Participants --- p.31 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND THE HYPOTHESES --- p.33 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Theoretical Framework and Research Methodology --- p.33 / Chapter 5.2 --- Areas of Investigation --- p.34 / Chapter 5.3 --- The Hypotheses --- p.35 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Testing of Earnings Differentials and Participation in Adult Continuing Education --- p.35 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Testing of Earnings Differentials and Employment in Matched Work Fields --- p.36 / Chapter 5.4 --- Methods of Analysis --- p.36 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Characteristics of Participants of Adult Continuing Education --- p.36 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Concurrent Earnings Premiums for Participants of Adult Continuing Education --- p.37 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Earnings Advantages for Participants whose Employment is Matched with their Study Field --- p.39 / Chapter 5.5 --- The Data Set and the Variables --- p.41 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- FINDINGS --- p.45 / Chapter 6.1 --- Characteristics of Participants --- p.45 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Activity Status --- p.46 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Age --- p.47 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Sex --- p.47 / Chapter 6.1.4 --- Programme Level --- p.48 / Chapter 6.1.5 --- Occupation --- p.48 / Chapter 6.1.6 --- Industry of Main Employment --- p.49 / Chapter 6.1.7 --- Field of Study --- p.51 / Chapter 6.1.8 --- Participation Rate --- p.51 / Chapter 6.2 --- Estimates of Regression Coefficients of Respective Earnings Functions --- p.70 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Concurrent Earnings Premiums for Participants of Adult Continuing Education --- p.70 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Earnings Advantages for Participants whose Employment is Matched with their Study Field --- p.72 / Chapter 6.3 --- Testing of Hypotheses --- p.86 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.88 / Chapter 7.1 --- Characteristics of Participants --- p.88 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- Programme Orientation and Clientele --- p.88 / Chapter 7.1.2 --- Disparities among Participants --- p.89 / Chapter 7.2 --- Concurrent Earnings Premiums for Participants of Adult Continuing Education --- p.89 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Justification of Employer-sponsored Programmes --- p.90 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Motivation of Individual Participants --- p.90 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Overcome of Brain-drain --- p.91 / Chapter 7.3 --- Earnings Advantages for Participants whose Employmentis Matched with their Study Field --- p.92 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Remuneration Structure --- p.92 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- Adaptation to Technological Change --- p.93 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- Programme Quality --- p.94 / Chapter 7.3.4 --- Economic Performance of Individual Industries --- p.94 / Chapter 7.4 --- Recommendations --- p.95 / Chapter 7.5 --- Concluding Remark --- p.98 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.99 / APPENDICES --- p.105