Thesis (M.S. - Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics)--University of Arizona, 1984. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81).

Thesis (M.S. - Renewable Natural Resources)--University of Arizona, 1985. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-122).

Thesis (M.S.)--Washington State University, August 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-31).

Esta pesquisa propõe a análise das práticas políticas que se conformam em torno da problemática que relaciona habitação irregular precária e preservação dos recursos hídricos em São Paulo, a saber, as remoções e os processos de reurbanização/regularização. As práticas são analisadas a partir de pesquisa etnográfica realizada no distrito do Grajaú, região sul da cidade, marcado pelo alto crescimento populacional irregular em áreas de mananciais. Em uma abordagem que se afasta daquelas de avaliação de políticas, busca-se compreender as formas pelas quais a gestão dessas áreas produz e lida com situações que chamo de ingovernáveis. / This research proposes an analysis of political practices on the problem that relates irregular and precarious housing problem and preservation of water resources in São Paulo, namely the removal and the processes of reurbanization / regularization. The practices are analyzed from an ethnographic study in Grajaú, south region of São Paulo, marked by high and irregular population growth in watershed areas. In an approach that takes distance from those of policy evaluation, this work seeks to understand the ways in which the management of these areas produces and deals with situations that are called ungovernable.

Esta pesquisa propõe a análise das práticas políticas que se conformam em torno da problemática que relaciona habitação irregular precária e preservação dos recursos hídricos em São Paulo, a saber, as remoções e os processos de reurbanização/regularização. As práticas são analisadas a partir de pesquisa etnográfica realizada no distrito do Grajaú, região sul da cidade, marcado pelo alto crescimento populacional irregular em áreas de mananciais. Em uma abordagem que se afasta daquelas de avaliação de políticas, busca-se compreender as formas pelas quais a gestão dessas áreas produz e lida com situações que chamo de ingovernáveis. / This research proposes an analysis of political practices on the problem that relates irregular and precarious housing problem and preservation of water resources in São Paulo, namely the removal and the processes of reurbanization / regularization. The practices are analyzed from an ethnographic study in Grajaú, south region of São Paulo, marked by high and irregular population growth in watershed areas. In an approach that takes distance from those of policy evaluation, this work seeks to understand the ways in which the management of these areas produces and deals with situations that are called ungovernable.

This study was conducted to determine whether a functional relationship exists between human tissue and environmental levels of chromium and/or zinc and in individuals with maturity onset diabetes. Three counties of Utah were selected as sites: 1. Wayne County, where a State Health Department screening had shown a 12.7 percent incidence of diabetes, and, where there is very little industry, and an assumed low level of environmental chromium and zinc. 2. Utah County, where the diabetic screening had shown an 0.75 percent incidence of diabetes and where there is nearby large industry and an assumed higher level of zinc and chromium. 3. Cache County, in which the incidence of diabetes was 3 .79 percent and where there is an assumed low level of environmental zinc and chromium and very little industry. A full three hour glucose tolerance test was carried out on 76 subjects for classification as diabetic or nondiabetic . Chromium and zinc concentrations in serum, hair, urine and tap water were determined by atomic absorption. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were determined for all subjects. Taste acuity was also determined in each subject. Wayne County subjects had some characteristics differing from those in Cache and Utah . The weight/ height ratio for diabetics and nondiabetics was the same. The weight/height ratio for diabetics and nondiabetics was significantly different in Utah and Cache Counties. There was no significant difference between diabetics and nondiabetics in Wayne County in the fasted glucose levels. This was not true in Cache and Utah. The blood glucose levels in diabetics was significantly lower at all intervals in Wayne diabetics than in Utah and Cache Counties. There was a significantly lower concentration of chromium in tap water in Wayne County. Subjects from Wayne County also had the lowest tissue concentration of chromium. Tap water from Utah County had the highest concentration and the subjects from this county had the highest body tissue chromium . Concentration of chromium in body tissues was similar for diabetics and nondiabetics. It was found that diabetics had higher serum zinc values than nondiabetics. There was no difference in the zinc values in serum in a fasting state and one hour post prandial in either diabetics or nondiabetics. Urine zinc was significantly higher in diabetics than in nondiabetics. Hair zinc concentration was similar in diabetics and nondiabetics. The recognition of bitter and salty taste were significantly reduced in diabetics, but there were no taste differences among people from different counties. A different diabetic patter emerged in Wayne County where water chromium levels were significantly lower and tissue chromium levels tended to be lower. It appears that although the incidence of diabetes is higher in the low chromium area (Wayne county) the severity of diabetes is less. This phenomenon requires further investigation.

Relationships between thunderstorm and watershed variables and runoff from or within semiarid watersheds at Walnut Gulch, Arizona were examined. Variables showing greater sensitivity to basin and storm size were better flow predictors. Stepwise regression with three increasingly nonlinear algebraic models showed mean storm depth was the best simple predictor of runoff. Predictions improved using storm volume, a product of storm depth and areal extent. Initial runoff to streams was best described as a highly nonlinear function of storm and watershed variables. Runoff from a basin was a more linearized function of similar variables. The above differences were ascribed to channel transmission losses, reductions in runoff moving down initially dry channels. For a given basin and small storms, loss to runoff ratios exceeded 10:1 and were highly variable. Ratios were similar and less than 0.5:1 for storms centrally located over a basin and generating sufficient initial runoff to minimize flow variation due to losses. Losses increased disproportionately with basin size. Antecedent rainfall and first summer flows also affected rainfall runoff relationships in a differential manner. Wet conditions enhanced runoff more from larger versus smaller storms. First summer flows were less than expected probably because of higher soil infiltration and channel losses at the onset of summer storms. Overall, as storm size decreased or basin area increased, initial runoff was more often a localized phenomenon and downstream flow more dependent on storm depth, extent, location, and seasonal timing and basin channel losses, but less dependent on antecedent rainfall. Consequently, storm depth accounted for only 60% to 70% of the variation in flows while storm volume, antecedent rainfall, channel losses, and first summer flows explained 80% to 90%. Finally, oversimplifying storm or watershed variables or analytical methods led to errors in assessing their affect on runoff. It was also determined that current arguments supporting a recommendation to delete smaller, frequent annual floods to better fit remaining data to flood frequency curves were oversimplified. Distributed rainfall - runoff models with channel losses and regional storm depth - area - frequency data may be the way to develope flood curves for semiarid basins with short runoff records.