No description available.

This study is a self-assessment of a small group of Appalachian face-to-face service providers in human services and community mental health. It has evolved from their daily experiences. The purpose of the study has been to reflect back to these providers information about themselves. That reflection has been given in the form of an Adlerian life style analysis, a psychological assessment for individuals modified as assessment of a group. The reflected impression provided its own image for change and an opportunity for the participants to assess what impact, if any, their jobs might be having on other aspects of their lives. In the process of informing the participants about themselves, there has been the intent to give that same information to the people who come for services, supervisors, administrators, policy makers, and ultimately the community of academics and scholars. The author of this study functioned as a co-worker with the other participants, becoming a part of that system which she was observing. The job gave wide access for observation and work with the participants in a variety of settings. The primary interactions took place in the homes of families referred for alleged child abuse and neglect, to include sexual abuse. The methodology allowed the research effort to be one of exploration and evolution. Based on the notion expressed by Carol Ehrlich that people can do research for and about themselves rather than having others do it for them, it drew from several theorists, described in order of their use in the study: H.T.Wilson, Brian Fay, Alfred Adler, Stephen Fawcett, and George Gazda. Presenting one subjective view of reality, conclusions of the study pointed to unconscious guilt on the part of participants with respect to system inadequacies, marked by a desire to feel superior in the helping relationship or in the relationship with those perceived to have authority over them. Unaware of these feelings, and in the simple performance of their jobs, the participants help to perpetuate the systems in which they work and often purport to deplore. / Ph. D.

The purpose of this study was to determine distributions of Rotifera and Cladocera in the Kanawha River in West Virginia. Rotifera were sampled monthly for twelve months with a Juday trap in the more lotic upstream end of Winfield pool (UW), and the more lentic downstream end of Winfield pool (LW) to determine seasonal distribution. During the period of peak rotifer abundance, rotifers were sampled along a longitudinal transect of Winfield pool and lower Marmet pool to determine longitudinal distribution. Cladocera were sampled with funnel traps at Marmet and Winfield Locks and Dams from lock wall, mid channel, and near shore sites. The seasonal study showed that both UW and LW total rotifer densities were characterized by a single summer population peak. The same physical and/or chemical parameters did not account for equivalent variation in rotifer densities at the two stations. The longitudinal profile showed that a shift in species composition occurred from bacteriophages and detritivorous species upstream to herbivorous species downstream. A new species of the genus Lecane Nitzsch 1827 (Lecanidae: Rotifera) was discovered, namely Lecane arietii n. sp. This species was found to have fungal parasites which apparently effect its distribution. The Cladocera study showed shore and lock wall areas had greater numbers of Cladocera from mud and vegetative habitats than mid channel areas, apparently due to differences in periphyton between the sites. Cladocera from mud and vegetative habitats in lotic systems may be useful organisms to study tow boat perturbations. / Master of Science

A grid type portable rainfall simulator, developed at Virginia Tech from support by the Office of Surface Mining, Department of Interior under Grant NO. G5114009, was used to apply 2.3 inch per hour “storms” to three replicated plots to determine surface mine soil erodibility factors for two distinctly different soils in southern West Virginia. Other variables included in the study were detailed soil descriptions for each site, initial and final soil moistures, plot rainfall distributions and the particle size distributions of the eroded materials. The soil erodibility indexes for the silt silt-loam and sandy respectively. loam soils averaged 0.408 and 0.735. Erodibility indexes for the silt silt-loam decreased, while indexes for the sandy loam soil remained constant for repeated rainfall applications. Using statistical analysis, rainfall distributions were shown to be uniform across plots for most rainfall applications. From a particle size distribution analysis of the eroded soil material, the percentage of silt and clay decreased, while the percentage of sand increased at each site with repeated rainfall applications. A rock mulching effect was present at the end of each testing sequence. / Master of Science

Recent isolated anti-Jewish remarks by some West German politicians have rekindled debate about the possible revival of anti-Semitism in the new generation of West Germans. One can only wonder if German education has, as some critics like to put it, swept the Nazi period discreetly under the carpet? This study has attempted to answer this question by analyzing 22 West German history textbooks currently used in all three of the traditional German high schools. This study is both quantitative and qualitative. First, a checklist was used to determine what percentage of each book is devoted to the Nazi period and in particular to a set of basic themes considered important to any coverage of this period. Then, each book was analyzed to determine if there are any serious omissions, inaccuracies, biased or ambiguous statements about the Nazi period. When useful, a comparison of the treatment of the various themes under review was made. Considering the problems involved in writing history textbooks for such diverse audiences and school districts, this study finds that, in general, the West German secondary school history textbooks are presenting an accurate, if somewhat limited, account of the Nazi period. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that while an accurate portrayal of the Nazi period is presented in the textbooks surveyed, bias by omission does exist, especially when dealing with racial policies, the anti-Nazi resistance movement, and any question of responsibility. Certainly, improvements can be made in these specific areas. / Ed. D.

No description available.

The African continent is infamous for its lawlessness, violence, poverty, corruption, underdevelopment, and militancy. These factors, such as corruption and underdevelopment, have been a direct result of mismanagement and inept leadership since independence. Through these factors, opposition groups formed to contest such actions. While such opposition was seen through peaceful measures, some groups have been led to the use of violence and militancy as a means of opposing the status quo. While there are opposition groups in every nation, the primary focus of this thesis is upon the reason for the development of opposition groups that have led to the active use of violence, force, and other extreme to measures to achieve their goals. This thesis seeks to demonstrate how peaceful opposition failed to be effective because of governmental policies and action taken against these differing groups. The first chapter develops the use of violence by militant groups in Nigeria such as MEND in the oil-producing region of Niger Delta, where oil profits and corruption have Jed to armed conflict between militants and government forces. Chapter two analyzes the development of the Tuareg militancy in the African Sahel and Maghreb, where a nomadic pastoralist minority have sought autonomy for over a century. The last chapter analyzes the breakdown of order and the emergence of civil war in the Cote d'Ivoire. With all three case studies, the paper emphasizes and analyzes how government policies and actions taken against the opposition has resulted in an extreme alienation of each group, which would lead to the use of violence to rectify past transgressions.

The purpose of the study was to trace the historical and legal development of the financial support system for public elementary and secondary education in West Virginia from 1863 through November, 1984. In addition, the study provided a compiled source of data on selected aspects of the West Virginia school support system which had bearing upon the 1975 legislation that successfully challenged the constitutionality of the state school finance system. In the case of Pauley et al. v. Bailey et al., the method of financing public schools in West Virginia was declared unconstitutional on May 11, 1982, and the court directed the Legislature to completely redesign the West Virginia system of public school finance. In order for the educational and legislative leaders to fulfill meeting the court's criteria, an awareness of the changes and carryover of past doctrines and practices into the present situation was deemed to be of great importance. The study provided a historical review of significant legislation and cases affecting the evolution of the West Virginia school finance system. Designated periods of time in education history were presented through the utilization of both a chronological and topical approach. Evaluative criteria, such as equity in funding, adequacy in educational opportunity, efficiency of organization, and formula alterations were incorporated into the study in order to identify the significant changes in the developmental process of school finance. / Ed. D. / incomplete_metadata

No description available.

This thesis explores the complexities of race relations in the nineteenth century American West. The groups considered here are African Americans, Anglo Americans, Chinese, Mexican Americans, and Native Americans. In recent decades historians of the West have begun to tell the narratives of racial minorities. This study adopts the aims of these scholars through a new lens--music. Ultimately, this thesis argues that historians can use music, both individual songs and broader conceptions about music, to understand the complex and contradictory race relations of the nineteenth century west. Proceeding thematically, the first chapter explores the ways Anglo Americans used music to exert their dominance and defend their superiority over minorities. The second chapter examines the ways racial minorities used music to counter Anglo American dominance and exercise their own agency. The final chapter considers the ways in which music fostered peaceful and cooperative relationships between races. Following each chapter is a short interlude which discusses the musical innovations that occurred when the groups encountered the musical heritage of one another. This study demonstrates that music is an underutilized resource for historical analysis. It helps make comprehensible the complicated relations between races. By demonstrating the relevance of music to the history of race relations, this thesis also suggests that music as a historical subject is ripe for further analysis.