This dissertation provides a study of Henry VII's almshouse at Westminster Abbey from its foundation, c.1500, throughout the Dissolutions of the sixteenth century, up to the Elizabethan Reformation; a period covering just over a hundred years. The almshouse was built in conjunction with Henry VII's new Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey and helped to support his chantry while providing care to ex-crown officials who had served the King and Abbey loyally. Henry VII's Lady Chapel at the Abbey has been studied extensively but the almshouse has been omitted from most of these studies. There is an extensive and diverse range of primary source material, mostly in the Westminster Muniments [WAM], and National Archive [TNA] relating to the almshouse. These sources range from social, architectural, economic, and political aspects to the everyday functions of the almshouse. These sources also provide some detail about the almsmen. Surviving both the Dissolution of the Monasteries and the Reformation the almshouse has a remarkable history and was able to continue its service to the Crown until its demolition in 1779. Along with the primary source material relating to Henry VII's almshouse, a contextual study of medieval almshouses will also be provided to highlight what was distinctive about Henry's almshouse. In particular, this study intends to examine the foundations and administrations of the following almshouses: Richard Whittington's almshouse founded in 1423/4 and overseen by the Mercer's Company; God's House in Ewelme founded in 1437 by William and Alice de le Pole, and finally, St. Cross at Winchester established by Henry VII's great, great uncle Cardinal Beaufort. These were the grandest almshouses founded in England before Henry's foundation, and exercised a significant influence on the style and administration of Henry's almshouse at Westminster Abbey. The thesis is broken into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on the foundation of the almshouse using the original indentures established by the King and Abbot John Islip. The second chapter is an analysis of the endowment for Henry VII's memorial at Westminster Abbey with a specific focus on provisions Henry made towards the almshouse. The third chapter looks at the almshouse site and buildings and how it survived the turbulent period of the Dissolution and reformations of the Abbey. Finally, the fourth chapter is an analysis of the almsmen and administration of the almshouse during the sixteenth century. This study will contribute to current work on the transformation of medieval charity into Protestant philanthropy; the practicalities of administering almshouses on a day to day basis; the topography and development of the vill of Westminster and, in particular, to a deeper understanding of the piety and charity of the last medieval and first Tudor King of England.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of London, 1992. / BLDSC reference no.: DX206087.

This thesis explores the role of heritage revitalization in the downtown revitalization process. Heritage revitalization is defined as the economic benefits derived from heritage conservation. Three questions are addressed in this thesis; they are: 1. Does the Provincial Heritage Conservation Statutes Amendment Act. 1994 provide local governments in British Columbia with the necessary tools to respond to the unique circumstances of heritage revitalization? 2. Can heritage revitalization strategies improve the economic viability of historic downtowns? 3. What planning lessons can be learned from the experiences of many Canadian and American cities that have implemented successful downtown heritage revitalization strategies? A case study approach is used in this thesis to evaluate the role of heritage revitalization in the economic renewal of downtowns. The thesis case study is the 400 to 800 blocks of Columbia Street, located in downtown New Westminster, British Columbia. Columbia Street is the historic commercial core of New Westminster. A conceptual framework is developed which details the planning steps necessary in formulating a heritage revitalization strategy. The conceptual framework is based on approaches from several North American cities successful in rejuvenating their historic downtowns. This framework is applied to the Columbia Street case study and is used in the evaluation of heritage strategies for consideration. The thesis research concludes that Columbia Street is a sensitive heritage precinct in need of heritage policies, and a balance between heritage regulations and incentives. A heritage revitalization strategy is recommended for Columbia Street. The strategy contains specific heritage policies, zoning amendments and financial incentives designed to protect various heritage buildings on Columbia Street and Downtown New Westminster's overall character.

This thesis explores the role of heritage revitalization in the downtown revitalization process. Heritage revitalization is defined as the economic benefits derived from heritage conservation. Three questions are addressed in this thesis; they are: 1. Does the Provincial Heritage Conservation Statutes Amendment Act. 1994 provide local governments in British Columbia with the necessary tools to respond to the unique circumstances of heritage revitalization? 2. Can heritage revitalization strategies improve the economic viability of historic downtowns? 3. What planning lessons can be learned from the experiences of many Canadian and American cities that have implemented successful downtown heritage revitalization strategies? A case study approach is used in this thesis to evaluate the role of heritage revitalization in the economic renewal of downtowns. The thesis case study is the 400 to 800 blocks of Columbia Street, located in downtown New Westminster, British Columbia. Columbia Street is the historic commercial core of New Westminster. A conceptual framework is developed which details the planning steps necessary in formulating a heritage revitalization strategy. The conceptual framework is based on approaches from several North American cities successful in rejuvenating their historic downtowns. This framework is applied to the Columbia Street case study and is used in the evaluation of heritage strategies for consideration. The thesis research concludes that Columbia Street is a sensitive heritage precinct in need of heritage policies, and a balance between heritage regulations and incentives. A heritage revitalization strategy is recommended for Columbia Street. The strategy contains specific heritage policies, zoning amendments and financial incentives designed to protect various heritage buildings on Columbia Street and Downtown New Westminster's overall character. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

This thesis explores the circumstances under which party discipline damages parliamentary democracy in the Canadian House of Commons. It uses omnibus budget implementation legislation as a case study of an instance when party discipline damages parliamentary democracy. While party discipline is central to parliamentary democracy, it can also undermine it if imposed too strictly. This thesis establishes a model of parliamentary democracy in which the House of Commons is meant to scrutinize, deliberate on, and occasionally amend legislation. It then identifies omnibus budgets as a trend in Canada through the following data on budget bills: number of pages, number of amendments, and length of debate. Finally, this thesis describes three key ways that omnibus budget legislation damaged the model of parliamentary democracy outlined at the beginning. The passage of omnibus budget legislation is a perfect illustration of the “parliamentary decline” thesis and provides a useful departure for future efforts at the reform of parliament to enhance the role of backbench members.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2009. / Title from web page (viewed on Feb. 23, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

As the railroad and mining industries brought non- Mormon settlers into the territory of Utah, a conflict developed which led to the creation of a separate system of education by the Protestant newcomers. Their purposes were to provide a quality education for their own children free from Harmon influence and to convert children of Mormon families. The Presbyterian Church led in the creation of graded schools from elementary, through secondary, and culminating in the Sheldon Jackson College in Salt Lake City. As public schools were established. the mission schools were closed, except for Wasatch Academy in Mt. Pleasant and Sheldon Jackson College. renamed Westminster in 1902. The First World War forced Westminster to limit its offerings to t he first two years of college. In 1945. a four-year senior college program was introduced and the campus was enlarged. Affiliated with three Protestant denominations, Westminster continues to serve the needs or a changing society, a positive asset to Salt Lake City and its hinterland .

The physical traces left behind by the passage of lives constitute a form of collective memory; they are the tell-tale signs that suggest to us how things have come to be the way they are, remind us of they way they used to be, and suggest how they might become in the future. The physical world selects objects for preservation according to a capricious set of rules, choosing not only the extraordinary and the notable, but also the ordinary and the seemingly insignificant. When these traces of our experience are permitted to remain, places of extraordinary richness begin to develop, where heritage is not manufactured, but is allowed to evolve. Taking this process as a starting point, this Graduation Project began as an investigation into the reciprocal relationships that can exist between new architecture and its physical and historical contexts. It explores ways in which a new building can both affect and be affected by the residual traces of circumstances and activities that have occurred in a place over time, excavating and preserving the history of place, and sustaining this history by adding a new layer of meaning and form to an existing site. In the search to determine ways in which these time scales intermesh and layer within a set of spaces, another investigation occurred, into the relationships between form, scale, light, activity and the perception and experience of time. The site chosen for this project is a building lot on Columbia Street in New Westminster, containing the ruins of a commercial building dating from 1898. The programme was for an art college, containing a gallery, a lecture theatre, a library, offices and studios. In the design of a new building for this site, a number of existing elements were identified for their potential to suggest either aspects of the site's history or the design of new spaces: an old brick retaining wall whose bricked-in doorways suggest spaces underneath the adjacent street, a stone door-step recalling an entrance, a fragment of stone from an even older building that once stood on this site. New spaces were then ordered, both in relation to these found elements, and in relation to each other, based particularly on the ways in which they suggest and respond to the passage of time. An play of affinities and contrasts was established, whereby spaces are simultaneously related to, but distinguished from one another. The design of this building was therefore determined not only as a reaction to a given set of circumstances, but as a consideration of the ways in which the passage of time, both historical and daily, might be manipulated as an architectural element.

This work examines the historical details and the theological implications of a controversy that took place at Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  The controversy began when Associate Professor Norman Shepherd’s teaching on James 2:14-21 came under intense scrutiny. He was dismissed from his teaching post despite repeated exonerations by the seminary’s board, faculty and by his own presbytery. He taught that the formula <i>justification by faith alone</i> does not appear in Scripture or in the Westminster Standards and that Luther’s insertion of the particle <i>alone</i> in the formula<i> justification by faith alone</i> is exegetically indefensible.  The view of Calvin, and not that of Luther, has been given confessional standing in the <i>Westminster Confession of Faith</i>.  Calvin’s independence from Luther is essential for understanding this controversy. Part One explicates the administrative and procedural history of the controversy, and it identifies the major points of disagreement.  It details the processes and approaches that were used, neglected, or abused: interpersonal communications, group discussions, committee meetings, etc.  These data are evidence that the board did not have “adequate grounds” to dismiss Shepherd. Part Two examines the theology and the integrity of a document titled “The Commission on Allegations Regarding Professor Shepherd: Summary of Allegations”.  This document is examined for three reasons: it represents the mature theological expression of Shepherd’s opponents; the commission’s hearing is the last forum in which Shepherd was examined by the seminary; and the judgement of the commission is a matter of record. Shepherd’s repeated exonerations by the seminary and by his presbytery affirm that his understanding of justification by faith, his exegesis of James 2, his teaching on baptism, and his understanding of the “covenant dynamic” do not represent departures from historic Reformed theology; his formulations are orthodox.