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Investigation of CaWO4 crystals for simultaneous phonon-light detection in the CRESST dark matter searchNinković, Jelena. January 2005 (has links)
München, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2005.
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Untersuchung der Lumineszenzeigenschaften Eu III und Sm III aktivierter WolframatverbindungenBettentrup, Helga 18 February 2010 (has links)
A lack of efficient red luminecscent line emitters which exhibit a high absorption between 400 and 500 nm of the electromagnetical spectrum was the decisive factor to start this work. The invention of the blue LED (light emitting diode) enables the production of white light by combining the blue emitting LED with a yellow emitting phosphor.
Advances in chip technology lead to high power LEDs with a power consumption of several watts. Long lifetimes (>50 000 working hours) and their high energy efficiency make them very interesting for the lighting market, but further problems have to be solved for the application in general lighting. A big issue for warm-white LEDs are colour rendering and colour temperature due to the lack of red parts in the spectrum. Another important feature of light sources is a stable colour over time. Therefore the applied converter material has to be chemically and photochemically stable. The chip-phosphor package is operated at working temperatures of about 150 to 200¡C Ð that also should not influence performance of the phosphor material. High absorption at the emission maximum of the LED and a high conversion efficiency (>90%) are important properties for designing a marketable converter material.
In this work tungstates were studied due to their high chemical stability and their high alkaline character. Their use as a host lattice for lanthanide ions was investigated. LiLaW2O8 with 50 mol-% and La2W3O12 with 40 mol-% EuIII show the best performance in converting the blue light of the chip with quantum efficiencies of up to 90% at high absorption cross-setctions. Further investigations of temperature behaviour, long term durability under high photon fluxes and their conversion efficiency of the blue emitted to red converted light have to be done to allow a statement about their use in LED applications.
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New Yb 3+ -doped laser materials and their application in continuous-wave and mode-locked lasersKlopp, Peter 13 October 2006 (has links)
Yb3+-Lasermedien glänzen mit hoher Effizienz und relativ geringer thermischer Last, besonders in Laseroszillatoren und -verstärkern mittlerer bis hoher Leistung. Modenkopplung von Yb3+-Lasersystemen ermöglicht Subpikosekunden-Pulse bei hoher mittlerer Ausgangsleistung. Diese Arbeit widmet sich zwei Gruppen der vielversprechendsten neuen Yb3+-aktivierten Laserkristalle: den strukturell analogen, monoklinen Doppelwolframaten Yb:KGd(WO4)2 (Yb:KGW), Yb:KY(WO4)2 (Yb:KYW) und KYb(WO4)2 (KYbW) und den Yb3+-dotierten Sesquioxiden, vertreten durch Yb:Sc2O3 (Yb:Skandia). Die spektroskopischen Daten von KYbW, darunter eine extrem kurze 1/e-Absorptionslänge von 13 Mikrometern bei 981 nm, wurden im Rahmen der Dissertation vermessen. Die Lasereigenschaften niedrig Yb3+-dotierter Wolframate im Dauerstrich (cw)- und modengekoppelten Betrieb wurden in Lasern moderater Ausgangsleistung untersucht. Ultrakurzpuls-Erzeugung mit Yb:KYW, Yb:KGW und Yb:Glas wurde in einem passiv modengekoppelten Laser verglichen. Dabei wurde eine relativ hohe Lasereffizienz erreicht, Dank einer Trapezlaserdiode als Pumpquelle mit exzellenter Strahlqualität. Quasi-cw- und cw-Laserbetrieb von Yb3+ in hochdotierten und stöchiometrischen Wolframatkristallen wurden untersucht. Diese Materialien sind interessant für Mikrochip- und Scheibenlaser. Wichtige Fragestellungen waren die Kristallqualität und die Hitzeentwicklung bei hohen Yb3+-Konzentrationen. Erstmals wurde Lasertätigkeit von Wolframaten mit Yb3+-Konzentrationen >>20% und schließlich, mit KYbW, cw-Laserbetrieb eines stöchiometrischen Yb-Lasermaterials demonstriert. Weiterhin wurde mit KYbW der kleinste bisher für einen Laserkristall gemessene Laserquantendefekt erzielt, 1,6%. Unter Benutzung eines Yb:Sc2O3-Lasermediums wurde erstmals modengekoppelter Betrieb eines Oszillators mit Sequioxid-Laserkristall gezeigt. Betrieb mit nichtsolitonen- und solitonenartiger Pulsformung sowie mit Ti:Saphir-Laser oder Trapezlaserdiode als Pumplaser wurden untersucht. Mit einem Ti:Saphir-gepumpten Yb:Skandia-Laser wurde eine Konversionseffizienz von 47 % bezogen auf die absorbierte Pumpleistung erreicht, der bisher höchste Wert für einen modengekoppelten Yb3+-basierten Laser. / Yb3+ laser media excel with high efficiency and relatively low heat load, especially in medium to high power laser oscillators and amplifiers. Mode-locking of Yb3+ laser systems can provide subpicosecond pulse durations at high average power. This work deals with two groups of the most promising novel Yb3+-activated laser crystals: Yb3+-activated monoclinic double tungstates, namely the isostructural crystals Yb:KGd(WO4)2 (Yb:KGW), Yb:KY(WO4)2 (Yb:KYW), and KYb(WO4)2 (KYbW), and Yb3+-doped sesquioxides, represented by Yb:Sc2O3 (Yb:scandia). Spectroscopic data of KYbW were investigated as part of this thesis, finding an extremely short 1/e-absorption length of 13 micrometers at 981 nm. Continuous-wave (cw) and mode-locked laser performance of moderate-average-power lasers based on lowly Yb3+-doped tungstates were examined. Ultrashort pulse generation with Yb:KYW, Yb:KGW, and Yb:glass was compared in a passively mode-locked laser. A relatively high mode-locked laser efficiency was achieved due to a tapered diode pump laser with excellent beam quality. Quasi-cw and cw lasing of Yb3+ in highly doped and stoichiometric tungstate crystals were investigated. These materials are interesting for microchip and thin-disk lasers. Important issues were crystal quality and heat generation at high Yb3+ concentrations. For the first time, laser operation of tungstates with a Yb3+ concentration >>20% and finally, with KYbW, cw lasing of a stoichiometric Yb laser material was achieved. Furthermore, with KYbW, the smallest laser quantum defect ever for a laser crystal was demonstrated, 1.6%. Using a Yb:Sc2O3 laser medium, for the first time mode locking of an oscillator using a sesquioxide laser crystal was realized. Laser regimes with non-solitonlike and solitonlike pulse shaping were investigated, using a Ti:Sapphire laser and a tapered laser diode as pump sources. With a Ti:Sapphire-laser-pumped Yb:scandia laser the highest conversion efficiency with respect to absorbed pump power for any mode-locked Yb3+-based laser was achieved, 47%.
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