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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Multi-pronged approach to eastern North American biogeography : phylogeny, phylogeography, and predictive modeling of temperate woody plant species /

Morris, Ashley Brigham. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-106). Also available via the World Wide Web: http://etd.fcla.edu/UF/UFE0017365/morris_a.pdf.
82

Plant vitality in deciduous ornamental plants affected by lifting date and cold storage /

Lindqvist, Hans. January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.
83

Mecanismos de tolerância ao Al3+ em plantas comparando espécie de Cerrado (Styrax camporum), limoeiro ‘cravo’ (Citrus limonia cv. cravo) e trigo (Triticum aestivum) / Al-tolerance mechanisms in plants comparing Cerrado species (Styrax camporum), 'Rangpur' lime (Citrus limonia) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Silva, Carolina de Marchi Santiago da [UNESP] 28 November 2017 (has links)
Submitted by CAROLINA DE MARCHI SANTIAGO DA SILVA null (carolmsantiago@gmail.com) on 2018-01-26T00:36:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_ repositório.pdf: 9864100 bytes, checksum: 750ed24c6bf82e4cb76088a6ef42e3ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-01-26T11:13:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cms_dr_rcla.pdf: 9847207 bytes, checksum: d4dc0d33ef54769d644003d06014b328 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-26T11:13:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cms_dr_rcla.pdf: 9847207 bytes, checksum: d4dc0d33ef54769d644003d06014b328 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-28 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Presente em solos ácidos, o alumínio principalmente encontrado na sua forma tóxica (Al3+) tem como principal efeito a diminuição do crescimento radicular. O Cerrado ocorre no centro-oeste do Brasil sob solos ácidos (pH <4) e com alto teor de alumínio (Al). Citrus limonia cv ‘Cravo’ Osbeck e Styrax camporum Pohl compartilham localização geográfica e características edáficas em que se estabelecem, no entanto exibem respectivamente sensibilidade e tolerância ao Al. O presente trabalho visa elucidar mecanismos envolvidos no estresse por Al3+ a nível de expressão gênica radicular. Para as duas espécies foi feita uma análise de transcriptoma para avaliar os efeitos do Al por uma perspectiva global, e a partir destes resultados alguns genes foram selecionados para avaliação ao longo de experimentos de hidroponia mantido por 60 dias. São discutidas estratégias de tolerância e sensibilidade ao Al nas duas espécies, juntamente com análises de biometria, quantificação hormonal e anatomia que corroboram o comportamento sensível de Citrus e tolerante de Styrax por diversas vias. Além disso, o último capítulo trata da dependência do pH em um importante mecanismo de tolerância ao Al em trigo envolvendo exsudação de ácido orgânico. / Present in acid soils, aluminum mainly found in its toxic form (Al3+) has as main effect the decrease of root growth. Cerrado occurs in central-western Brazil under acid soils (pH <4) and high aluminum content (Al). Citrus limonia (Osbeck) and Styrax camporum (Pohl) share geographic location and edaphic characteristics in where they are settled, however exhibiting respectively Al-sensitivity and Al-tolerance. The present work aims to elucidate the mechanisms involved in Al3+ stress at root gene expression level. For both species, a transcriptome analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of Al in a global perspective, and from these results some genes were selected for evaluation in hydroponic experiments maintained for 60 days. Al tolerance and sensitivity strategies are discussed in both species, together with analyzes of biometrics, hormonal quantification and anatomy data that corroborate the Al-sensitive behavior of Citrus and Al-tolerance in Styrax by several routes. In addition, the last chapter deals with the dependence of pH on one important mechanism of Al tolerance in wheat involving organic acid exudation. / FAPESP: 2013/11370-3
84

Spatio-temporal analyses of woody vegetation cover using remote sensing techniques: the case of Alice - King Williams Town route, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Fundisi, Emmanuel January 2016 (has links)
Expansion of woody vegetation results in the transformation of a grass-dominated ecosystem to a tree-dominated ecosystem causing land degradation in most semi-arid areas. The imbalance in the natural ecosystem between herbaceous plants and woody vegetation poses a threat to the natural environment. Such changes alter the flow, availability and quality of nutrient resources in the biogeochemical cycle. Most of the dominating woody plants are often unpalatable to domestic livestock. Therefore, the objective is to assess the spatial extent of woody vegetation over time. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal characteristics of woody vegetation dynamics will enable the development of management plans. These characteristics can be derived using remote sensing techniques which have become efficient in such studies. This study aimed to characterize woody vegetation dynamics along the route between Alice and King Williams’s town in Eastern Cape Province South Africa using Landsat data. This aim was achieved by focussing on three specific objectives. The first objective was to compare the performance of multispectral data and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data of Landsat imagery in mapping woody vegetation cover. The second objective was to investigate the effect of the spatial resolution of remotely-sensed data on discrimination of woody vegetation from other land cover types. The third objective characterised woody vegetation dynamics between 1986 and 2013/2014 using the results from the first objective. The study used Landsat imagery acquired in November or February of 1986, 1994/1995, 2002/2003 and 2013/2014. Due to lack of data which covered the study area two separate dates (November and February) where used for the study resulting in naming the study area western and eastern parts. Unsupervised classification was performed on the multispectral, NDVI and pan-sharpened images to generate four generic land cover classes, namely water, bare land, grassland and woodland. Accuracy assessments of the classified images was done using error matrix. The results showed that the classification based on NDVI images yielded a better overall accuracy than the classification based on multispectral images for the western (83 percent and 75 percent, respectively) and eastern (82 percent and 76 percent, respectively) parts of the study area. Similarly, pan-sharpening resulted in better overall classification accuracy than multispectral, but comparable to the classification of the NDVI images for both the western (82 percent) and eastern (83 percent) parts of the study area. Remote sensing is an effective tool in assessing changes in the physical environment. Landsat imagery is suitable in assessing land cover dynamics given the long-term and free availability of the image. In addition, the large spatial coverage it provides, enables Landsat data to be used on studies that have wide spatial coverage. Classification for the purpose of time-series analysis was then performed on the NDVI images of each date (1986, 1994/1995, 2002/2003 and 2013/2014). Both woody vegetation and grassland experienced changes from 1986 to 2013/2014 with grassland occupying (75 percent) compared to woodland (17 percent) in 1986. In the year 2013/14 grassland occupied 32 percent and woodland occupied 51 percent of the study area. The increase in woody vegetation in the study area can be attributed to livestock rearing and migration of people from the rural to urban areas post-Apartheid. The study output will aid in the development of a database on land cover distribution of the area between King William’s town and Alice town, providing useful information to decision-making and further studies on woody vegetation.
85

Bases moleuculares da recalcitrância ao enraizamento adventício em Eucalyptus globulus Labill

Almeida, Marcia Rodrigues de January 2015 (has links)
O eucalipto é uma das espécies arbóreas mais plantadas no mundo atualmente, principalmente devido ao seu uso como matéria prima para as indústrias de celulose, papel e madeireira. Eucalyptus globulus e seus híbridos possuem baixos teores de lignina e despertam grande interesse da indústria, já que essa característica facilita e diminui o custo do processo de extração da celulose. Entretanto, essa espécie é recalcitrante ao enraizamento adventício, o que dificulta a propagação vegetativa de suas mudas. Com o objetivo de melhor entender os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos na recalcitrância ao enraizamento em E. globulus, o presente estudo envolveu análises de parâmetros morfológicos, anatômicos e moleculares durante a rizogênese adventícia nesta espécie. A exposição à auxina exógena reverteu o fenótipo recalcitrante em E. globulus, aumentando significativamente a porcentagem de enraizamento. O câmbio vascular foi identificado como uma região de acúmulo de auxina e local de origem das raízes adventícias. Através de análises da expressão gênica em células do câmbio, observou-se que TOPLESS e IAA12, repressores da sinalização de auxina, e ARR1, envolvido na rota de sinalização de citocininas, parecem atuar como reguladores negativos do enraizamento adventício. A alta expressão destes genes em plantas controle foi significativamente diminuída com aplicação de auxina exógena. Comparativamente, em espécie de fácil enraizamento, E. grandis, a expressão destes genes se manteve em níveis mais baixos em ambas as condições de tratamento, e a concentração de ácido indol-3-acético endógeno em plantas controle mostrou-se mais elevada. Análises do padrão proteico durante o enraizamento em plantas de E. globulus tratadas ou não com auxina exógena identificaram proteínas envolvidas em diversos processos biológicos, principalmente estresse oxidativo e metabolismo energético. Diferenças interessantes foram identificadas ao comparar as diferentes condições e fases do enraizamento. Várias proteínas foram claramente relacionadas com o respectivo fenótipo apresentado pela planta em cada situação, principalmente considerando plantas controle. Os resultados aqui apresentados representam avanços relevantes no conhecimento sobre a rizogênese adventícia em plantas lenhosas, podendo ser utilizados como ferramentas no desenho de estratégias visando melhorar o enraizamento em genótipos recalcitrantes de valor para a indústria. / Eucalyptus is one of the most planted tree species in the world today, mainly due to its use as raw material for paper, cellulose and wood industries. Eucalyptus globulus and its hybrids have low lignin contents and are of great interest to industry, as this feature facilitates and reduces costs of the cellulose extraction process. However, this species is recalcitrant to adventitious rooting, making vegetative propagation by cuttings difficult. Aiming at a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in rooting recalcitrance in E. globulus, this study analyzed changes in morphological, anatomical and molecular patterns during adventitious rooting in this species. Exogenous auxin exposure reversed the recalcitrant phenotype in E. globulus, significantly increasing rooting percentage. The vascular cambium was identified as a region of auxin accumulation and also the site from where adventitious roots originated. Gene expression analysis in cambium cells indicated that TOPLESS and IAA12, auxin signaling repressors, and ARR1, involved in cytokinin signaling pathway, appear to act as negative regulators of adventitious rooting. The high expression of those genes in control plants was significantly decreased by exogenous auxin treatment. Comparatively, in an easy-to-root species, E. grandis, the expression of these genes was significantlylower in both treatment conditions, and the concentration of endogenous indole- 3-acetic acid in control plants was higher. Analysis of the protein pattern during rooting in E. globulus plants treated or not with exogenous auxin allowed the identification of proteins involved in diverse biological processes, mainly oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Interesting differences were identified when comparing different rooting conditions or phases. Several proteins were clearly associated with the respective plant phenotype in each situation, particularly considering control plants. These results represent relevant advances in the knowledge about adventitious rooting in woody plants and can be used as tools in the design of strategies aiming at improving adventitious rooting in recalcitrant genotypes of industrial value.
86

Effect of plantation forests on soil chemical properties, soil temperature and regeneration of woody plants :a comparative analysis /

Munie, Shiferaw Alem January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
87

Role dřevinného patra ve vývoji bylinného podrostu přirozených temperátních lesů v České republice

Unar, Pavel January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
88

Cerne e alburno em eucaliptos: influência da espécie e da idade nas propriedades tecnológicas / Heartwood and sapwood in eucalyptus: species and age influence on the technological properties

Cherelli, Sabrina Galetti [UNESP] 14 January 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T16:53:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-14Bitstream added on 2015-05-14T16:59:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000829643.pdf: 3915451 bytes, checksum: 8d9b41a12e8cb4a7842bdd0e61891593 (MD5) / Uma das características que mais diferencia as porções de lenho de uma árvore é a formação de cerne e alburno. As bases conceituais que permitiram a definição precisa e os aspectos fisiológicos gerais envolvidos na formação de alburno e cerne foram consolidadas nas décadas de 60, 70 e 80 do século passado. Em tempos mais recentes os estudos focaram, sobretudo, a determinação do volume de cerne relacionado à posição ao longo do fuste e à idade das árvores. Este estudo teve como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o cerne e alburno de árvores jovens (idades de 2 a 6 anos) e adultas (idades superiores a 18 anos) de Eucalyptus sp., buscando determinar, para as árvores jovens, a idade inicial de caracterização do cerne, as características que mais se alteram no cerne com a idade e sítio de desenvolvimento da árvore e, para as árvores adultas, as propriedades que mais se alteram no cerne em função da espécie. Foram avaliadas árvores jovens de dois clones de diferentes produtividades em dois sítios de diferentes desempenhos e árvores adultas das espécies E. grandis Hill ex. Maiden, E. saligna, E. tereticornis e C. citriodora. Nas árvores jovens e adultas foram realizadas análises anatômicas (macroscópicas) para distinção entre cerne e alburno, análise física (densidade básica, densidade aparente e perfil densitométrico radial) e análise química em cada uma das porções do lenho. Nas árvores adultas foram ainda realizados ensaios de retratibilidade, dureza Janka e compressão paralela às fibras em cada uma das porções do lenho estudadas. Pela sua oportunidade o estudo apresentou algumas características particulares que o diferenciou dos estudos já realizados, destacando-se a possibilidade de estudar amostras de plantios clonais (e, com isso, melhor caracterizar o efeito do ambiente) e o uso de técnicas analíticas contemporâneas, de maior potencial ... / One characteristic that mostly differentiates wood regions of a tree is the formation of heartwood and sapwood. The conceptual bases that established the precise definition and general physiological aspects involved in the formation of sapwood and heartwood were consolidated in the 60s, 70s and 80s of the last century. More recently, the studies have mainly focused the heartwood volume determination related to position along the stem and age of trees. This study aims to deeply knowledge about heartwood and sapwood from young (ages 2-6 years) and old trees (older than 18 years) of Eucalyptus sp., trying to determine, for young trees, the initial age of heartwood characterization, characteristics that are mostly affected in heartwood by aging and tree development site and, for old trees, the properties that are mostly affected in heartwood depending the species. Were evaluated young trees of two clones of different productivity in two sites of different performances and adult trees of E. grandis Hill ex. Maiden, E. saligna, E. tereticornis and C. citriodora. In young and adult trees were performed anatomical analyzes (macroscopic) for distinction between heartwood and sapwood, physical analysis (basic density, apparent density and densitometric radial profiles) and chemical analysis in each of the portions of the wood. In adult trees were also performed shrinkage tests, Janka hardness and compression parallel to grain in each portion of the wood studied. This study has some particular characteristics discerning from previous studies, highlighting the possibility of studying samples of clonal plantations (characterizing environmental effect, therefore) and contemporary analytical techniques, which are more potent and effectiveness, whereby the GC-MS – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The results for young Eucalyptus trees show that at two years of age they already had heartwood capable ...
89

Cerne e alburno em eucaliptos: influência da espécie e da idade nas propriedades tecnológicas /

Cherelli, Sabrina Galetti, 1986- January 2015 (has links)
Orientador: Adriano Wagner Ballarin / Banca: Claudio Angeli Sansígolo / Banca: Takashi Yojo / Resumo: Uma das características que mais diferencia as porções de lenho de uma árvore é a formação de cerne e alburno. As bases conceituais que permitiram a definição precisa e os aspectos fisiológicos gerais envolvidos na formação de alburno e cerne foram consolidadas nas décadas de 60, 70 e 80 do século passado. Em tempos mais recentes os estudos focaram, sobretudo, a determinação do volume de cerne relacionado à posição ao longo do fuste e à idade das árvores. Este estudo teve como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o cerne e alburno de árvores jovens (idades de 2 a 6 anos) e adultas (idades superiores a 18 anos) de Eucalyptus sp., buscando determinar, para as árvores jovens, a idade inicial de caracterização do cerne, as características que mais se alteram no cerne com a idade e sítio de desenvolvimento da árvore e, para as árvores adultas, as propriedades que mais se alteram no cerne em função da espécie. Foram avaliadas árvores jovens de dois clones de diferentes produtividades em dois sítios de diferentes desempenhos e árvores adultas das espécies E. grandis Hill ex. Maiden, E. saligna, E. tereticornis e C. citriodora. Nas árvores jovens e adultas foram realizadas análises anatômicas (macroscópicas) para distinção entre cerne e alburno, análise física (densidade básica, densidade aparente e perfil densitométrico radial) e análise química em cada uma das porções do lenho. Nas árvores adultas foram ainda realizados ensaios de retratibilidade, dureza Janka e compressão paralela às fibras em cada uma das porções do lenho estudadas. Pela sua oportunidade o estudo apresentou algumas características particulares que o diferenciou dos estudos já realizados, destacando-se a possibilidade de estudar amostras de plantios clonais (e, com isso, melhor caracterizar o efeito do ambiente) e o uso de técnicas analíticas contemporâneas, de maior potencial ... / Abstract: One characteristic that mostly differentiates wood regions of a tree is the formation of heartwood and sapwood. The conceptual bases that established the precise definition and general physiological aspects involved in the formation of sapwood and heartwood were consolidated in the 60s, 70s and 80s of the last century. More recently, the studies have mainly focused the heartwood volume determination related to position along the stem and age of trees. This study aims to deeply knowledge about heartwood and sapwood from young (ages 2-6 years) and old trees (older than 18 years) of Eucalyptus sp., trying to determine, for young trees, the initial age of heartwood characterization, characteristics that are mostly affected in heartwood by aging and tree development site and, for old trees, the properties that are mostly affected in heartwood depending the species. Were evaluated young trees of two clones of different productivity in two sites of different performances and adult trees of E. grandis Hill ex. Maiden, E. saligna, E. tereticornis and C. citriodora. In young and adult trees were performed anatomical analyzes (macroscopic) for distinction between heartwood and sapwood, physical analysis (basic density, apparent density and densitometric radial profiles) and chemical analysis in each of the portions of the wood. In adult trees were also performed shrinkage tests, Janka hardness and compression parallel to grain in each portion of the wood studied. This study has some particular characteristics discerning from previous studies, highlighting the possibility of studying samples of clonal plantations (characterizing environmental effect, therefore) and contemporary analytical techniques, which are more potent and effectiveness, whereby the GC-MS - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The results for young Eucalyptus trees show that at two years of age they already had heartwood capable ... / Mestre
90

Anatomia comparada da madeira de Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) arráb. ex steud. (Boraginaceae) proveniente de sementes de duas procedências e análise dos anéis de crescimento

Caum, Caroline [UNESP] 29 July 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:19:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 caum_c_me_botfca.pdf: 5422030 bytes, checksum: 9485b6210a9c6618b595666658b5d594 (MD5) / As características estruturais do lenho são influenciadas diretamente pelos fatores ambientais e genéticos. Algumas características possuem alta herdabilidade genética, baixa plasticidade fenotípica e independem das condições ambientais em que estão inseridas. Neste trabalho comparamos a anatomia da madeira de árvores adultas de Cordia trichotoma que foram plantadas em mesmo local com sementes de duas procedências (Bauru e Piracicaba) e dados de largura dos anéis de crescimento foram correlacionados com a precipitação e a temperatura. Foram coletados discos de doze árvores desta espécie, na Estação Experimental de Luiz Antônio, SP sendo seis de cada procedência (Bauru e Piracicaba). Para a análise microscópica do lenho foram realizados cortes histológicos nos três planos convencionais (transversal, longitudinal tangencial e longitudinal radial), e lâminas permanentes foram confeccionadas segundo técnicas usuais em anatomia da madeira. O material lenhoso foi dissociado e foram preparadas lâminas semipermanentes. Foram analisadas as características anatômicas qualitativas e quantitativas do lenho. Para análise dos anéis de crescimento, os doze discos de madeira tiveram suas secções transversais polidas manualmente em uma série de lixas e os anéis de crescimento foram demarcados com o auxílio de um estereomicroscópio. A medição da largura dos anéis de crescimento foi feita com auxílio do software de análises de imagem Image-Pro-Plus. Para verificação da qualidade e correção dos dados realizou-se a datação cruzada das mensurações com o auxílio do software livre COFECHA; a largura dos anéis foi transformada em séries permitindo a sincronização e melhor interpretação dos dados. Após a... / Wood characteristics are directly influenced by environmental and genetic factors. However, some genetic features have high heritability, low phenotypic plasticity and are independent of the environmental conditions in which they operate. This study aimed to compare the wood anatomy of Cordia trichotoma that were planted in the same place, but with seeds of two provenances (Bauru e Piracicaba), and to correlate growth rings width with precipitation and temperature. Twelve discs were collected of this species in the Experimental Station of Luiz Antônio, SP, and six from each provenance (Bauru and Piracicaba). For microscopic analysis of the stem histological sections were made in the conventional three planes (cross, tangential longitudinal and radial longitudinal) were obtained and permanent histological slides were made according to standard techniques in wood anatomy. Woody fragments were dissociated and with it slides were made. We analyzed the qualitative and quantitative anatomical wood features. For analysis of growth rings, the twelve disks had their cross sections polished manually on a series of sandpaper and the growth rings were marked with the stereomicroscope. The measurement of the growth rings width was achieved using the image analysis software Image-Pro Plus. To check the quality and accuracy of the data held on the cross-dating measurements with the help of free software COFECHA and, the rings width was transformed into series allowing synchronization and better interpretation of the data. After synchronization, the data were analyzed with the use of free software ARSTAN for disposal of the growing trends and getting the residual chronology. Precipitation and temperature analyses were performed using Pearson's correlation in Microsoft Office Excel. Qualitatively, the wood... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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