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Energy efficiency and conservation measures in hotels is an area of research at the Department of Energy Technology, Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm (KTH), Sweden. As a continuation of the research work, this project was focused on a hotel's resource-use performance, considering both internal and external factors that influence their consumption. The work comprised a literature study on energy efficiency and conservation measures in the built environment, focusing on hotel buildings, as well as an analysis of existing building assessment tools. An auditing and monitoring process was applied at one Scandic hotel, Järva Krog, which was selected with the support of Scandic management. Another four Scandic hotels were included in this study, using their data on energy/water consumption for the past five years.  The tourism industry is one of the world’s largest single industries, experiencing rapid expansion in recent decades. The number of international tourist arrivals increased from 441 million in 1990 to 763 million in 2004 (WTO, 2005). The hotel industry forms the largest part of the tourism industry with more than 300 000 hotels worldwide. Hotels offer their lodging capacities with the highest possible comfort and quality, without compromise. High demands on comfort and the level of services offered require an intensive utilization of energy and water.  The price of energy has been increasing continuously during the last few years, with electricity increasing 6 % on an annual basis, which has made energy expenses increase rapidly during the past years. Adding high energy costs to concerns about CO2 emissions, highlights the importance of accurate information for energy management within any hotel facility. A need to decrease energy expenditure demands depending of knowledge relating to hotel facility consumption.  The objective of this thesis is to understand energy performance and energy distribution within one typical chain hotel facility, and how this understanding can be applied to a selected group of similar hotels as well as to define the relationship between the factors behind energy expenditure. Such factors include outdoor climate as an external quantitative factor; HVAC system efficiency, lighting, occupancy rate and number of food covers sold as internal quantitative factors; and personnel behavior, operation/maintenance routines/levels as internal qualitative factors. / QC 20110427

Jackon AB i Skövde tillverkar cellplast och är en av Europas ledande producenter av isolering. Tillverkningsprocessen påminner om bakning. Råmaterial hanteras, expanderas och formas för att sedan skäras upp med hjälp av glödtråd och paketeras. Innan paketering utföras kvalitetskontroller genom provtagning av färdiga skivor. Examensarbetet har utförts för att utreda möjligheten att effektivisera och säkerställa en snabb provtagning med hjälp av FMEA och riskanalys. Genom att utföra VSM – Nulägesanalys, strukturerade intervjuer, FMEA och riskanalys har ritningsförslag på möjliga ombyggnationer tagits fram. Under arbetets gång har dessa ritningsförslag jämförts med varandra för att framställa för- och nackdelar med varje förslag. Efter genomförd studie kan effektivisering av en snabb provtagning med hjälp av FMEA och riskanalys genomföras. Arbetet visar att det är möjligt att genomföra en ombyggnation utan att riskera säkerheten för operatörer och robot men även att en effektivare provtagning är genomförbar. / Jackon AB in Skövde manufactures cellular plastic and is one of Europe's leading producers of insulation. The manufacturing process is reminiscent of baking. Raw materials are handled, expanded, shaped and then cut with filament and packaged. Before packaging, quality checks are performed by sampling finished discs. The degree project has been carried out to investigate the possibility of streamlining and ensuring rapid sampling with the help of FMEA and risk analysis. By performing VSM - Current situation analysis, structured interviews, FMEA and risk analysis, drawing proposals for possible alterations have been produced. During the work, these drawing proposals have been compared with each other to present advantages and disadvantages of each proposal. After completing the study, streamlining of a rapid sampling with the help of FMEA and risk analysis can be carried out. The work shows that it is possible to carry out a rebuild without risking the safety of operators and robots, but also that more efficient sampling is feasible.

Within the industrial sector, there has not been much research from the scientific community on how to manage data to create a well-structured dataset. The majority of case studies, and articles in magazines and conferences, work with data that is already classified and structured. The present project aims to expose how to manage multi-source and multi-format datasets through Python coding and statistical analysis to categorise the stop data of machines from a production line, working as a continuation of the approach developed in the previous thesis from Soman (2021). The machines oroperations may be stopped for a variety of reasons, including scheduled and unscheduled stops. Scheduled stops are lunch breaks, weekends, maintenance, tool changes etc. Unscheduled stops are real breakdowns, bottlenecks etc. It is critical to maintain track of these stops to diagnose inefficiencies such as low throughput and significant cycle time fluctuation in subsequent production simulation analyses. Having an automated procedure to filter these stops will save time and improve simulation accuracy increasing the productivity of the company. Several approaches are proposed to combine the different sources of data in order to obtain automation. As a result of creating a new feature called strength and combining the shift, maintenance and stop data, further progress in detecting faulty stops was achieved. Maintenance data combined with stop data is found to capture true stops from the machines. Shift data combined with stop data capture false stops. The strength feature serves as an approach to capture if a group of machines in the line stopped together, indicating that there is a low chance of randomness and therefore a high probability of a faulty stop. / <p>Det finns övrigt digitalt material (t.ex. film-, bild- eller ljudfiler) eller modeller/artefakter tillhörande examensarbetet som ska skickas till arkivet. / There are other digital material (eg film, image or audio files) or models/artifacts that belongs to the thesis and need to be archived.</p>

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Gears are used to transmit mechanical workfrom one point to another. They are widely used in different mechanisms and they are the most important components of a transmission system. Thus, it is important that they are manufactured with high precision to deliver the work with highest possible efficiency. The dominant gear production method is metal cutting, like hobbing. The gear manufacturing industry aims to replace their traditional production lines with greener processes and thereby urge engineers to think about using metal forming methods instead of the traditional metal cutting solutions when possible. Gear rolling is an interesting metal forming method that can be an alternative method to fabricate gear wheels. Research on gear rolling firstly came into interest around 2000. Very few papers are published that covers the development of the method and its limitations and advantages. Almost all of these publications considered rolling of gear wheels with small modules. The focus of this study will be on application of gear rolling for gear wheels with large module (over 3 mm) where the amount of deformation is much larger than found in previous studies. In this thesis the Finite Element Method has been used to simulate and predict the results of rolling of high gears. In addition to that experiments were performed to validate the numerical results and develop the modelling technique for further investigations. The main topic of discussion is about the gear quality as a measure of the success for the process. Extra attention has been paid to the effects of friction and process planning in the result of process loads and also on the gear quality. The thesis structure is based on four published papers, and some additional results from the experiments which have not yet been published. According to the results of these papers, the effect of friction and process parameters are recognized in the final product quality. It is shown that FEM has a great potential in order to model and analyze the gear rolling process. A new approach to combine numerical methods with quality measurement to predict the process outcomes is also presented. The results show that gear wheels with a module of 4mm reach an ISO quality level between 11 and 12. This is substantially lower quality than can be obtained with metal cutting operations. The results of this thesis can be used as the starting point for future research to optimize the quality of gear rolling for high gears. / <p>QC 20150914</p>

Studiens syfte ämnar till att få en ökad förståelse för hälsa på arbetsplatsen med hjälp av medarbetarens perspektiv. En hälsofrämjande arbetsplats har många fördelar både för samhället i stort som för den enskilda individen eftersom det skapar välmående och kan möjliggöra ett långt och hållbart arbetsliv. Studien utgår från en teoretisk referensram om vad som främjar hälsa i samband med arbetet, denna referensram ligger även till grund för hur det kvalitativa intervjumaterialet har analyserats. Vi har genomfört åtta intervjuer med medarbetare på en kommunal personalavdelning för att ta del av deras uppfattning om vad som främjar hälsa och välmående på arbetsplatsen. Resultatet visar att de friskfaktorer som främjar medarbetarnas hälsa och välmående är arbetets krav, struktur och nytta samt återhämtning, socialt umgänge och ledarskapet. De områden som har förbättringspotential enligt medarbetarna är återhämtningsmöjligheter, tydliggöra organisationens mål, kommunikationsrutiner, feedback, gruppsammanhållning och ledarskapets närvaro. Slutsatsen som kan dras utifrån detta är att medarbetarnas upplevelse kring vad som främjar hälsa och välmående på arbetsplatsen är mångfasetterad vilket grundar sig i medarbetarnas olika yrkesroller, arbetsuppgifter och personliga föreställningar.

In today's industrial environments, automation systems and robots are becoming a more viable option for the evolution of intelligent manufacturing. According to this, Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) can develop material transportation and other specific tasks in a synchronized and organized manner, avoiding the human waste of time. However, not every task can be done without studying the workspace beforehand and defining the optimal way to reach certain targets (the so-called fine-tuning) through simulations. By using cutting-edge scene technologies, the goal of this research is to develop a visual simulation of an AGV in a Mixed Reality Environment (MRE). In this virtual space, it will be possible to create and visualise different tasks by defining target points while finding optimal paths or reducing potential downtimes intuitively and interactively. As a result of the research, an interactive program where the user can generate AGV paths using only their hands is proposed, providing the option of exporting it in a computer-readable format. This program has been defined after previous Mixed Reality and AGV programming analyses, following an iterative approach widely used in artefact creation. After having validated the program, the conclusions obtained are that its adoption in industrial environments can benefit and facilitate task creation time while lowering manpower and requiring a lower level of scope expertise. / <p>Universidad de Alicante, Spanien</p>