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This research follows the positive psychology to explore the synergies from playing multiple roles in Taiwanese banking employees¡¦ life to expand the scope of work-family field by developing a work-family facilitation scale through qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaires. The antecedents and outcomes of work-family facilitation were also included to further examine needed resources from both work and family domains to support the better role performance in each domain. Two-stage survey study consisting separately 60 and 200 samples of each that was composed of three groups of samples (i.e. employees, their supervisors and spouses). Results revealed that, firstly, job autonomy as well as supportive supervisors help engender action- and development-based work-to-family facilitation; spouse practical support promote psychosocial-based family-to-work facilitation; Organisational citizenship behaviour were encouraged by development-based family-to-work facilitation. The insignificant results showed there may be other possible resources as well as consequences needed to be further uncovered, and the work-family facilitation scale is encouraged to be re-examined in the future. This study can not only measure the work-family facilitation but investigate the resources and outcomes relevant to the construct. Organisations may make good use of the mechanisms to re-allocate the current resources and practices to improve the effectiveness as well as convey the positive brand image to stakeholders.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Psychology / Ronald G. Downey / Literature on work and family, the two important domains in an individual’s life, has focused heavily on the conflicts that could occur when individuals try to juggle between their responsibilities in the two domains. Lately, there has been enthusiasm to also study the facilitation aspects that could result from being engaged in both domains. This dissertation empirically tests the Resources-Development-Gain model (RGD), a recently developed work and family facilitation model, which include work and non-work factors that can bring facilitation. Over 500 academic faculty members from four universities completed an online survey comprised of demographic items, family and work variables, variables to measure facilitation, outcome variables in both domains, and personality variables. The hypothesized model (model 1) was analyzed using AMOS, and was found to be a poor fit. Personality factors included as moderators in the facilitation process were found to be non-significant and hence dropped from the modified model (Model 2). This was a significantly better fit. Model 3 was analyzed to see if a better fit would be obtained when personality variables were directly connected to outcome variables. As Model 3 did not add anything significant, Model 2 was accepted. The findings suggest that faculty tenure influenced their turnover intentions, with new academic faculty and full professors showing lower turnover intentions. Family support brought facilitation from one’s family to work and contributed to life satisfaction, while organizational support contributed to facilitation from one’s work to non-work life. No significant overlaps were found between work and family domains in the facilitation stage, but were observed at the outcome levels. Thus, job satisfaction in the work domain contributed to overall life satisfaction in the family domain. Satisfaction in one’s personal relations also tended to influence one’s turnover decisions. Future directions for research and recommendations are discussed.

The benefits of occupying multiple roles have typically been overlooked. One reason for this oversight is the lack of a well-established scale measuring work-family facilitation. This study developed and validated short, self-report scales of work-to-family facilitation and family-to-work facilitation. Based on conceptualizations of work and family facilitation presented in current research content domains and definitions of the constructs are presented. Work-to-family facilitation is defined as a form of role facilitation in which the experiences in the job, work skills, and emotional gratification from work makes participation in the family easier. Family-to-work facilitation is defined as a form of role facilitation in which the experiences in the family, family skills, and emotional gratification from family makes participation in work easier. Advocated procedures were used to develop the scales and test dimensionality and internal consistency.