Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:28:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_cfs_me_ia.pdf: 2324681 bytes, checksum: 663dee1c58746e9427ccedc33035e930 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Até a década de 1940, o negro no teatro brasileiro, mesmo quando em personagens de destaque, quase sempre foi retratado por meio de certas caricaturas ou estereótipos herdados do período da escravidão. Entre o final do século XIX e começo XX, as personagens negras aparecem muitas vezes representadas em figuras dramáticas femininas como a mulata bela e sensual (reboladeira e carnal, pernóstica ou faceira), a bá (ama-de-leite geralmente negra beiçuda e gorda, confidente, chorosa e prestativa), a baiana macumbeira (em especial a vendedora de quitandas, vestida com saia rodada, bata de renda, turbante, pano-da-costa, colares e balangandãs), a preta velha (africana idosa conhecedora de segredos); em personagens masculinos, como o negrinho espertalhão (agregado da casa-grande), o bobalhão (pouco inteligente; estúpido, ignorante, imbecil); o malandro (astuto, bon vivant); o pai João (na maioria das vezes negro velho, dócil, conformado e submisso). Nos idos de 1944, surge no Rio de Janeiro um grupo de teatro formado por atores negros propostos a problematizar e revisar a tradição cênica de representação da “raça” levando aos palcos textos ligados aos temas das culturas afro-brasileiras, aos conflitos raciais e ao estigma da cor negra. Trata-se do Teatro Experimental do Negro (TEN). A presente investigação visa compreender as propostas dramatúrgicas deste grupo para a construção da personagem negra, tendo como base os estudos de Anatol Rosenfeld, Antonio Candido, Décio de Almeida Prado (2000), Renata Pallottini (1989) e Sábato Magaldi (1962), e partindo da analise de duas específicas peças do repertório do TEN, que estão reunidas na coletânea Drama para negros e prólogo para brancos, publicada em 1961. São elas: O filho pródigo (1947), de Lúcio Cardoso e Sortilégio (1951), de Abdias do Nascimento. Palavras-chave: Teatro... / Until the nineteen forties decade, the Negroes in the Brazilian drama were represented, even when taking up major parts, throughout some stereotyped characters and caricatures inherited from the slavery period. Between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, the feminine negro character so many times appears in dramatic parts like the “mulata” beautiful and sexy (with good dancing skills and body performance), the “babá” (wet-nurses regularly black, thick lips and fat, confidant, tearful and helpful), the “bahiana macumbeira” (normally in voodoo style, seller of grocer's shops, dressing wide skirts, sewed smock, turban, necklaces and local baubles), the “black old lady” (old African having knowledge of ancient secrets), and the masculine characters like the “smart young black” (a lodger of the Brazilian ‘greathouse’), the “fool” (lacking intelligence, lout, ignorant and idiot), the “father John” (mostly old black, docile submissive and conformist). Around nineteen forty-four, there is within Rio de Janeiro the foundation of a new drama group, created by black actors intended to revise the stage tradition for representation of race, bringing to stage different works related to African-Brazilian culture subjects, to the racism conflicts and the Negroes stigma. It was the Negroes Workshop Theater (“Teatro Experimental do Negro”, TEN). This investigation intends to understand this group’s theatrical proposal to build the Negro character, having as a direction the works of Anatol Rosenfeld, Antonio Candido, Décio de Almeida Prado (2000), Renata Pallottini (1989) and Sábato Magaldi (1962), as well as coming from the analysis of two specific plays from the ‘TEN’s repertoire united in the collection: “Drama para negros e prólogo para brancos”, released in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Reynuncio Napoleão de Lima / Banca: José Leonardo do Nascimento / Banca: Dagoberto José Fonseca / Resumo: Até a década de 1940, o negro no teatro brasileiro, mesmo quando em personagens de destaque, quase sempre foi retratado por meio de certas caricaturas ou estereótipos herdados do período da escravidão. Entre o final do século XIX e começo XX, as personagens negras aparecem muitas vezes representadas em figuras dramáticas femininas como a mulata bela e sensual (reboladeira e carnal, pernóstica ou faceira), a bá (ama-de-leite geralmente negra beiçuda e gorda, confidente, chorosa e prestativa), a baiana macumbeira (em especial a vendedora de quitandas, vestida com saia rodada, bata de renda, turbante, pano-da-costa, colares e balangandãs), a preta velha (africana idosa conhecedora de segredos); em personagens masculinos, como o negrinho espertalhão (agregado da casa-grande), o bobalhão (pouco inteligente; estúpido, ignorante, imbecil); o malandro (astuto, bon vivant); o pai João (na maioria das vezes negro velho, dócil, conformado e submisso). Nos idos de 1944, surge no Rio de Janeiro um grupo de teatro formado por atores negros propostos a problematizar e revisar a tradição cênica de representação da "raça" levando aos palcos textos ligados aos temas das culturas afro-brasileiras, aos conflitos raciais e ao estigma da cor negra. Trata-se do Teatro Experimental do Negro (TEN). A presente investigação visa compreender as propostas dramatúrgicas deste grupo para a construção da personagem negra, tendo como base os estudos de Anatol Rosenfeld, Antonio Candido, Décio de Almeida Prado (2000), Renata Pallottini (1989) e Sábato Magaldi (1962), e partindo da analise de duas específicas peças do repertório do TEN, que estão reunidas na coletânea Drama para negros e prólogo para brancos, publicada em 1961. São elas: O filho pródigo (1947), de Lúcio Cardoso e Sortilégio (1951), de Abdias do Nascimento. Palavras-chave: Teatro... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Until the nineteen forties decade, the Negroes in the Brazilian drama were represented, even when taking up major parts, throughout some stereotyped characters and caricatures inherited from the slavery period. Between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, the feminine negro character so many times appears in dramatic parts like the "mulata" beautiful and sexy (with good dancing skills and body performance), the "babá" (wet-nurses regularly black, thick lips and fat, confidant, tearful and helpful), the "bahiana macumbeira" (normally in voodoo style, seller of grocer's shops, dressing wide skirts, sewed smock, turban, necklaces and local baubles), the "black old lady" (old African having knowledge of ancient secrets), and the masculine characters like the "smart young black" (a lodger of the Brazilian 'greathouse'), the "fool" (lacking intelligence, lout, ignorant and idiot), the "father John" (mostly old black, docile submissive and conformist). Around nineteen forty-four, there is within Rio de Janeiro the foundation of a new drama group, created by black actors intended to revise the stage tradition for representation of race, bringing to stage different works related to African-Brazilian culture subjects, to the racism conflicts and the Negroes stigma. It was the Negroes Workshop Theater ("Teatro Experimental do Negro", TEN). This investigation intends to understand this group's theatrical proposal to build the Negro character, having as a direction the works of Anatol Rosenfeld, Antonio Candido, Décio de Almeida Prado (2000), Renata Pallottini (1989) and Sábato Magaldi (1962), as well as coming from the analysis of two specific plays from the 'TEN's repertoire united in the collection: "Drama para negros e prólogo para brancos", released in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis (MDram)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Creative expression is influenced by social structures and the political climate of the day. Therefore theatre as a social structure has been directly influenced by colonialism and apartheid. Restricting legislation had a limiting influence on cultural activities and freedom of creative expression. The following terms all refer to community based theatre activities: Community Theatre, Popular Theatre, Theatre for Development, People's Theatre and sometimes Workshop Theatre. Community theatre in post-colonial African countries take place in locations easily accessible to the communities it serves. These activities make use of creative techniques that the target communities can identify with. The subject-matter is generally relevant and is therefore accessible. The conscientisation- and mobilisation-potential of community theatre become evident in post-colonial African countries. The uses of this term in South Africa is closely connected with the above, but the applications in practice are more diverse because of a longer period of Western influence. Popular Theatre encapsulates theatre activities focussing on mass-appeal and popular entertainment as well as theatre activities by and for marginalised communities. "Popular Theatre" activities that take place within marginalised communities make use of collective creative approaches that are aimed at community conscientisation and mobilisation. Like Community Theate and Popular Theatre, Theatre for Development is theatre for, by and of the people (marginalised people, ordinary workers and the unemployed). Certain Theatre for Development projects approach the target communities with pre-planned agendas and creative subject-matter. Theatre for Development, like other community based theatre forms, are aimed at conscientisation, mobilisation and organisation to encourage political liberation and promote a higher standard ofliving. Workshop Theatre encourages people to express themselves by using a democratic and collective creative approach. These characteristics are also present in the previously mentioned theatre forms. Community Theatre, Popular Theatre and Theatre for Development can all be categorised as community based theatre and the terms are interchangable in pracitce. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Politieke omstandighede en daaglikse gebeure beïnvloed die keuse van uitdrukkingsvorme. Kolonialisme en veral die apartheidsbeleid in Suid-Afrika het sosiale strukture, waaronder teater, beïnvloed. Wetgewing en beperkte infrastruktuur het kulturele aktiwiteite, kreatiewe uitdrukking en kulturele vloei beperk. Gemeenskapsgebaseerde teateraktiwiteite in Suid-Afrika word meestal benoem met die volgende terme: Gemeenskapsteater, Populêre Teater, Teater vir Ontwikkeling, "People's Theatre", asook Werkswinkelteater wat in Suid-Afrika soms sosio-polities van aard is. Gemeenskapsteater in post-koloniale Afrika-lande is ten opsigte van vorm en inhoud vir die teikengemeenskap toeganklik en vind plaas in maklik bereikbare ruimtes. Die bewusmakings- en mobiliseringspotensiaal van Gemeenskapsteater kom sterk na vore in post-koloniale Afrika-lande. Die gebruike van die term "Gemeenskapsteater" in Suid- Afrika sluit by bogenoemde aan, maar het ook meer diverse toepassings wat by ontwikkelde lande se beskouings aansluit. Populêre Teater ondervang teateraktiwiteite wat fokus op massa-aanhang, sowel as teateraktiwiteite wat gemik is op gemarginaliseerdes. In laasgenoemde konteks is dit gerig op bemagtiging en word 'n kollektiewe skeppingsproses gebruik. Teater vir Ontwikkeling is soos Gemeenskapsteater en Populêre Teater, teater vir, deur en van "die mense" (gemarginaliseerdes, massa gewone werkers en werkloses). Anders as Gemeenskapsteater kan daar 'n voorafopgestelde agenda of gekose onderwerp wees. Soos ander gemeenskapsgebaseerde teater strewe dit na bewusmaking, mobilisasie en organisasie ter wille van bevryding en verhoogde lewensstandaarde in gemarginaliseerde gemeenskappe. Werkswinkelteater het 'n demokratiese en kollektiewe skeppingsproses wat selfvertroue en die vermoë tot uitdrukking aanmoedig. Dit is 'n eienskap wat ook teenwoordig is in die voorafgenoemde teatervorme. Teateraktiwiteite wat met die terme Gemeenskapsteater, Populêre Teater en Teater vir Ontwikkeling benoem word, kan gekatagoriseer word as gemeenskapsgebaseerde teater en is dikwels in die praktyk omruilbaar.