Katika makala hii nitazungumzia tarehe na kazi za al-Busiri mshairi wa kisufii maarufu katika fasihi ya kiislamu na ambaye baadhi ya kazi zake zimetarjumiwa kwa Kiswahili. Mojawapo ya kazi hizi ni Kasida ya Hamziyyah, ambayo ni maarufu sana hususa kwa Kiswahili cha zamani kiitwacho Kingozi. Kazi yake ya pili mashuhuri sana ni Kasida ya Burudai, kasida ambayo ndiyo maarufu zaidi katika ulimwengu wa kiislamu. Mshairi huyu ingawa ni mashuhuri, ni mgeni sana kwa wasomi wengi wa fasihi ya Kiswahili.

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The main focus of this study is to examine the development of the theory of the institution of ḥisbah in medieval Islam. In particular, the study will provide an analysis and paraphrase of the work of Yaḥyā ibn ʻUmar (d. 289/901) which is considered the earliest source on the subject. The study is divided into seven chapters, an Introduction and a Conclusion. The Introduction explains the aims of this study and is followed by the discussions on the origin of the role of market supervision and the definition of ḥisbah. Next, works of medieval Muslim scholars and studies made by the contemporary scholars are reviewed. Chapter One discusses the life and career of Yaḥyā ibn ʻUmar, followed by an analysis of the two texts of his work; Kitāb Aḥkām al-Sūq and Kitāb al-Aḥkām fī Jamiʻ Aḥwāl al-Sūq. In Chapter Two, a paraphrase of these two texts is made. Chapter Three deals with the elements of ḥisbah, covering the discussions on the person carrying out the duty of ḥisbah (i.e. the muḥtasib), the person to be supervised, subject of ḥisbah's supervision and stages of ḥisbah's penalties. The remaining four chapters examine the duties of the muḥtasib. The duty of the muḥtasib to supervise the market is discussed in Chapter Four and Chapter Five examines his duty to supervise moral and religious behaviour. The discussions in Chapter Six is concerned with the supervision of medical professions while Chapter Seven deals with the administration of the city. This is followed by a Conclusion which summarizes the discussions previously made and presents the findings of this study.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 305-323).

Since the popular indie-film Juno came out in 2007, it has received massive attention including both praise and harsh critique. Some have celebrated the protagonist Juno’s strong personality and her initial sexual liberty, but the majority have questioned what they see as the film’s anti-abortion message. In contrast, the more recent work Trouble, a young adult (YA) fiction novel from 2014 by Non Pratt, has received very little attention from scholars despite treating the same sensitive subject of teenage pregnancy. Therefore, this essay involves a comparative analysis of the two texts, which examines how the protagonists experience their pregnancies by looking at aspects such as the pregnant body, sexuality, maturation, identity and existential questions. The essay also takes into consideration some of the critique that previously has been voiced regarding the messages that Juno and other YA fiction send. The aim is to contribute to the same discussion by analyzing the film from a slightly different angle and by introducing an analysis of Trouble. In accordance with previous research, the essay concludes that these two works reveal traditional values and perspectives on teenage pregnancy that limit the protagonists’ sexual agency and leave them feeling isolated and confused.

MAAS / M. E. R. Mathivha Centre for African Languages, Arts and Culture

PhD (African Studies) / Department of African Studies / This study explored Nyaluso ya vhana, the traditional child rearing practices in Vhavenḓa families. Child rearing practices are associated with culture, norms and beliefs of a group. However, due to modernisation and globalisation, community and family are concerned that child rearing influences are no longer closely connected to traditional practices, which poses a societal challenge. Furthermore, the positive aspects of traditional child rearing practices were never circulated. As a result, it appears to have no place in the contemporary child rearing practices. The purpose of this study was to explore the traditional child rearing practices in Vhavenḓa families. The intention was to establish if there are areas of traditional practices that were useful, and that should be promoted. A qualitative research design was used. Data collection was through one-on-one interviews with 16 participants. Results show that traditional Vhavenḓa child rearing practices entail the following: i). role modelling good behaviour, ii). Respect as an important ingredient of role modelling, iii). Perseverance as a virtue that was inculcated in children through various ways, iv). Participation in household chores, v). Taking a village to raise a child, vi). Traditional leaders helping the community in fostering culture and traditional child-rearing practices, and vii). Rituals and taboos as backbones in traditional child rearing practices. It was believed that the deliberate guidance and discipline-oriented practices, contributed to the positive child development and healthy citizenship. This study provided insights in the positive aspects of traditional Vhavenḓa child rearing practices. / NRF

Tlhotlhomisi e e ikaegile ka lemorago la botshelo jwa ga mokwadi Melato Recias Malope, modibelapuo yo o itsegeng wa puo ya Setswana, morutabana le mokwadi yo o manontlhotlho wa ditlhangwa le dibuka tsa thutapuo. O kwadile buka ya thutapuo ya motlhakanelwa le Moporofesara Setshedi, e e bidiwang ‘Thutamedumopuo ya Setswana’ e e phasaladitsweng ka 1978. Maiteko a gagwe mo bokwading ke a padi ya Matlhoko, Matlhoko, e e phasaladitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1980, le ngatana ya dikgankhutshwe tsa Mmualebe, e e phasaladitsweng ka 1982. Mooko wa tlhotlhomisi e o thaetswe mo ntlhakemong ya batlhotlhomsi ba tshwana le Welleck et al (1961:90) le Rosenburg (1982:91) e e reng ditiragalo tse di anelwang ke mokwadi mo setlhangweng sa gagwe, di tletse tshusumetso e e maatla ya maitemogelo a lemorago la botshelo jo a bo tshetseng. Bakwadi ba, ba dumela gore mokwadi o anela ka ga se a se itemogetseng mo botshelong jwa nnete, jaaka ditiragalo mo loagong; tse a di buisitseng; tse a di boneng ka matlho; jalo le jalo. Ditlhangwa tsa ga Malope tse di kaetsweng fa godimo, ke tsona metswedimegolo e e tlhotlhomisiwang le go sekasekwa go sedisisa seabe se lemorago la ga Malope le nnileng naso mo tlhagisong ya maitshetlego a ditlhangwa tse. Matshego a tlhotlhomisi e ke botshelo jwa nnete jwa ga Malope, ka maitlhomo a go leka go tlhotlhomisa gore maitemogelo a gagwe a nnile le seabe sefe mo bokwading jwa ditlhangwa tse di tlhotlhomisiwang tse. Maitlhomo a, a rotloeditswe ke bakwadi jaaka ga Allen (1963:27), Moleleki (1988:13) le Mothiba (2014:92), ba ba dumelang gore bokwadi bo tlholega mo lemoragong la mokwadi, le go tlhotlheletswa ke botshelo jo mokwadi a bo tshetseng. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / NRF / African Languages / PhD / Unrestricted

Katika makala hii nitazungumzia tarehe na kazi za al-Busiri mshairi wa kisufii maarufu katika fasihi ya kiislamu na ambaye baadhi ya kazi zake zimetarjumiwa kwa Kiswahili. Mojawapo ya kazi hizi ni Kasida ya Hamziyyah, ambayo ni maarufu sana hususa kwa Kiswahili cha zamani kiitwacho Kingozi. Kazi yake ya pili mashuhuri sana ni Kasida ya Burudai, kasida ambayo ndiyo maarufu zaidi katika ulimwengu wa kiislamu. Mshairi huyu ingawa ni mashuhuri, ni mgeni sana kwa wasomi wengi wa fasihi ya Kiswahili.