No description available.

As políticas atuais no campo da saúde mental estabelecem o atendimento ao sujeito em sofrimento mental preferencialmente nos serviços de assistência extra-hospitalar, em conformidade com o progressivo encerramento do modelo manicomial. Pesquisas recentes investigam esse contexto que tem como protagonistas o governo, sociedade, familiares e o sujeito em sofrimento mental. O sofrimento mental causa um impacto significativo na vida das pessoas. Os sujeitos sofrem pelos sintomas, por estarem incapacitados de participar de atividades de trabalho e lazer, por discriminação, por terem dificuldades para assumirem suas responsabilidades na vida, temendo ser um peso para outros. Os homens podem sofrer com essa situação de forma diferenciada das mulheres, uma vez que apresentam um encargo social e moral diferente. A dimensão masculina está estruturada na relação com o trabalho e a virilidade, a provisão financeira e a atitude protetora para com os membros da família. A situação de internação de homens jovens interfere nos seus planos de vida, no momento em que eles estão em meio a projetos de estudo, profissão, constituição de suas próprias famílias. Os cuidadores familiares também são acometidos em seus projetos de vida, pois cuidar de uma pessoa em sofrimento mental pode trazer satisfação como também uma carga extra de atividades, levando à necessidade de reorganizar-se em função do familiar doente. Na compreensão desse contexto, estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral deste estudo, conhecer a situação de vida e de cuidado familiar envolvendo jovens em internação psiquiátrica, considerando o momento anterior, o da internação e o pós-internação, através do discurso dos jovens e dos cuidadores familiares, no que diz respeito à compreensão sobre o sofrimento mental, a organização da rotina familiar, o relacionamento entre as pessoas e as concepções dos jovens e os cuidadores familiares sobre o sofrimento mental. Para isso realizaram-se três estudos de casos, localizados a partir de contato prévio com um hospital psiquiátrico do município. Os casos foram selecionados de acordo com os seguintes critérios: a) para os jovens: pessoas do sexo masculino passando pela primeira internação psiquiátrica, ou no caso de não ter sido a primeira, pelas primeiras internações; idade de no máximo 40 anos; diagnóstico principal em transtorno mental e comportamental. b) para os cuidadores familiares: familiares cuidadores convivendo com os pacientes antes e depois da internação, apresentando-se em condições de responder as perguntas e relatar suas situações de vida. Foram realizadas entrevistas, conversas informais, anotações em diário de campo, como também consultas a documentos. A análise qualitativa permitiu a formação de categorias centrais que apontaram uma compreensão sobre: identificação e causas do sofrimento mental; o momento da crise à hospitalização; internação e o período pós-alta (cotidiano, consultas médicas e tratamento). O material permitiu apontar para: a coexistência de diversas concepções sobre o Resumo sofrimento mental, o tratamento feito predominantemente com medicação, a sobrecarga dos cuidadores familiares e a presença de sintomas físicos e emocionais relacionados a ela, a espiritualidade e redes sociais como fatores de proteção à sobrecarga, a relevância dos relacionamentos familiares conflituosos para a internação hospitalar, incorporação dos homens jovens aos serviços de saúde mental por meio do tratamento medicamentoso, a necessidade de articular os serviços de assistência em saúde mental e as famílias, como também as redes de suporte social, como forma de acompanhálos nessas situações que requerem longo tempo de tratamento. / The current public policies of mental health in Brazil set the attendance of the person with mental disorder preferably in the extra hospital services. In conformity with that, they also set the progressive extinction of the asylum care model. Recent researches point out this context and its protagonists: the government, the society, the family members, and the person with mental disorder. The mental disorder episode causes a significant impact in people\'s lives. They suffer from the symptoms and also because they get unable to work and have leisure activities, from discrimination, having difficulties to assume life responsibilities and fearing being heavy to others. Men can suffer from this situation in a different way women can, once they have a different social and moral charge. The male dimension is related to work, virility, family financial support and protective attitude towards its family members. The young men psychiatric hospitalization situation interferes in the men\'s lives plans, in a moment they are in the middle of projects such as studies, career, constitution of their own families. The family caregivers (typically closer relatives) are also affected in their lives projects. Taking care of a person with mental disorder can bring satisfaction but also an extra load of activities for life. This situation leads to a need of reorganization towards the sick person. From this perspective the main objective of this research is to know the life situation and the family care involving young men in psychiatric hospitalization, considering the moment before, the hospitalization moment, and after psychiatric hospitalization through the informal family caregiver and the young men with mental disorder discourse, in what refers to the comprehension of the mental disorder, the organization of the family routine, the relationship among the family members, and the family caregiver\'s and young men\'s conceptions about the mental disorder. In the following step three cases studies were located from a previous contact with a psychiatric hospital in town, according to the following criteria: a) for the young man: the first hospitalizations in the psychiatric hospital; age under 40 years old; the main diagnosis in mental and behavior disorder; for the family caregiver: lived with the patients before and after the hospitalization, being in condition to answer the interviews and relate their life situations. There were interviews, informal talks, writings in the field diary, and documents consulting in this study. The qualitative analysis allowed the main categories\' formation that pointed out to: a coexistence of different conceptions of mental disorder; the treatment made mainly by medication; the family caregiver\'s burden; the presence of physical and emotional symptoms due to emotional burden; spirituality and social support net as protection factors for burden; the conflicted familiar relationship relevance driving to psychiatric hospitalization; the attendance of the young men with mental disorder in the public health services mainly by medicine; the necessity to articulate the public health services, and also the social support net as a way to attend them in these situations that asks for long term treatment.

No description available.

As políticas atuais no campo da saúde mental estabelecem o atendimento ao sujeito em sofrimento mental preferencialmente nos serviços de assistência extra-hospitalar, em conformidade com o progressivo encerramento do modelo manicomial. Pesquisas recentes investigam esse contexto que tem como protagonistas o governo, sociedade, familiares e o sujeito em sofrimento mental. O sofrimento mental causa um impacto significativo na vida das pessoas. Os sujeitos sofrem pelos sintomas, por estarem incapacitados de participar de atividades de trabalho e lazer, por discriminação, por terem dificuldades para assumirem suas responsabilidades na vida, temendo ser um peso para outros. Os homens podem sofrer com essa situação de forma diferenciada das mulheres, uma vez que apresentam um encargo social e moral diferente. A dimensão masculina está estruturada na relação com o trabalho e a virilidade, a provisão financeira e a atitude protetora para com os membros da família. A situação de internação de homens jovens interfere nos seus planos de vida, no momento em que eles estão em meio a projetos de estudo, profissão, constituição de suas próprias famílias. Os cuidadores familiares também são acometidos em seus projetos de vida, pois cuidar de uma pessoa em sofrimento mental pode trazer satisfação como também uma carga extra de atividades, levando à necessidade de reorganizar-se em função do familiar doente. Na compreensão desse contexto, estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral deste estudo, conhecer a situação de vida e de cuidado familiar envolvendo jovens em internação psiquiátrica, considerando o momento anterior, o da internação e o pós-internação, através do discurso dos jovens e dos cuidadores familiares, no que diz respeito à compreensão sobre o sofrimento mental, a organização da rotina familiar, o relacionamento entre as pessoas e as concepções dos jovens e os cuidadores familiares sobre o sofrimento mental. Para isso realizaram-se três estudos de casos, localizados a partir de contato prévio com um hospital psiquiátrico do município. Os casos foram selecionados de acordo com os seguintes critérios: a) para os jovens: pessoas do sexo masculino passando pela primeira internação psiquiátrica, ou no caso de não ter sido a primeira, pelas primeiras internações; idade de no máximo 40 anos; diagnóstico principal em transtorno mental e comportamental. b) para os cuidadores familiares: familiares cuidadores convivendo com os pacientes antes e depois da internação, apresentando-se em condições de responder as perguntas e relatar suas situações de vida. Foram realizadas entrevistas, conversas informais, anotações em diário de campo, como também consultas a documentos. A análise qualitativa permitiu a formação de categorias centrais que apontaram uma compreensão sobre: identificação e causas do sofrimento mental; o momento da crise à hospitalização; internação e o período pós-alta (cotidiano, consultas médicas e tratamento). O material permitiu apontar para: a coexistência de diversas concepções sobre o Resumo sofrimento mental, o tratamento feito predominantemente com medicação, a sobrecarga dos cuidadores familiares e a presença de sintomas físicos e emocionais relacionados a ela, a espiritualidade e redes sociais como fatores de proteção à sobrecarga, a relevância dos relacionamentos familiares conflituosos para a internação hospitalar, incorporação dos homens jovens aos serviços de saúde mental por meio do tratamento medicamentoso, a necessidade de articular os serviços de assistência em saúde mental e as famílias, como também as redes de suporte social, como forma de acompanhálos nessas situações que requerem longo tempo de tratamento. / The current public policies of mental health in Brazil set the attendance of the person with mental disorder preferably in the extra hospital services. In conformity with that, they also set the progressive extinction of the asylum care model. Recent researches point out this context and its protagonists: the government, the society, the family members, and the person with mental disorder. The mental disorder episode causes a significant impact in people\'s lives. They suffer from the symptoms and also because they get unable to work and have leisure activities, from discrimination, having difficulties to assume life responsibilities and fearing being heavy to others. Men can suffer from this situation in a different way women can, once they have a different social and moral charge. The male dimension is related to work, virility, family financial support and protective attitude towards its family members. The young men psychiatric hospitalization situation interferes in the men\'s lives plans, in a moment they are in the middle of projects such as studies, career, constitution of their own families. The family caregivers (typically closer relatives) are also affected in their lives projects. Taking care of a person with mental disorder can bring satisfaction but also an extra load of activities for life. This situation leads to a need of reorganization towards the sick person. From this perspective the main objective of this research is to know the life situation and the family care involving young men in psychiatric hospitalization, considering the moment before, the hospitalization moment, and after psychiatric hospitalization through the informal family caregiver and the young men with mental disorder discourse, in what refers to the comprehension of the mental disorder, the organization of the family routine, the relationship among the family members, and the family caregiver\'s and young men\'s conceptions about the mental disorder. In the following step three cases studies were located from a previous contact with a psychiatric hospital in town, according to the following criteria: a) for the young man: the first hospitalizations in the psychiatric hospital; age under 40 years old; the main diagnosis in mental and behavior disorder; for the family caregiver: lived with the patients before and after the hospitalization, being in condition to answer the interviews and relate their life situations. There were interviews, informal talks, writings in the field diary, and documents consulting in this study. The qualitative analysis allowed the main categories\' formation that pointed out to: a coexistence of different conceptions of mental disorder; the treatment made mainly by medication; the family caregiver\'s burden; the presence of physical and emotional symptoms due to emotional burden; spirituality and social support net as protection factors for burden; the conflicted familiar relationship relevance driving to psychiatric hospitalization; the attendance of the young men with mental disorder in the public health services mainly by medicine; the necessity to articulate the public health services, and also the social support net as a way to attend them in these situations that asks for long term treatment.

Influenced by post-Lacanian psychoanalytic feminist theory and Judith Butler’s theories of gender performativity, this project examines three fictional brooding male writers from three separate periods of twentieth-century Ireland and Britain and their performances of authenticity, authority, and exceptionalism as artist figures. By tracing a sociohistorical arc and conducting close literary analyses, this project argues that the myth of white male artistic genius is derived from the power and privilege of a cult of individuality that can be used to excuse and justify harmful behaviour and that comes at the exclusion and expense of those outside this highly specific version of hegemonic masculinity. James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger, and Sarah Kane’s Blasted undermine the myth of male artistic genius by exposing the artificial and theatrical nature of the notion of “authenticity” and the posture of being countercultural when one is part of a dominating elite.

The major characteristics of Joyce's stylistic achievement in the organic unity of contents and expressions are, firstlyp the 'style* is not intended to reveal the author but the whatness, of his characters and subjects described and secondly Joyce's 'style' contains in itself particular meanings beyond the limits of the semantic and lexical contents of words. These features are more specifically defined as his use of the language for mimetic purposes to revealp suggest and represent consciousness (sometimes even unconscious and subconscious) mood, emotion mental patterns thought processes physical movement situation impression and sound effects through his command of the rhythmical syntactical and other grammatical, and phonological possibilities of his medium. In his earlier worksp Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man(and Stephen Hero for comparison with the Portrait) examination of the variety of his mimetic devices and their purposes contributes to the better comprehension of his works where each stylistic pattern, whether occurring in limited locality or throughout is woven into the whole design of the works. The main recurrent devices can roughly be distinguished as follows andt accordingly, Joyce's mimetic creative ability and variety in his earlier works are to be examined under the following classification: 1. Rhythmic (defined as 'repetition with variations') devices to represent and reveal certain concealed aspects and qualities of his characters; firstly, for characterization by means of special devices of appellations and secondly for revealing the preoccupations and concerns. II. Syntactical grammatical and rhythmic devices to represent, reflect and suggest firstly, his characters thought processes mental patterns emotion, mood and other psychological aspects, and secondly physical movement situation, atmosphere and impression. III. Phonological devices to imitate and suggest actual and imaginary sounds.

Mark obviously says that all of the disciples of Jesus desert him and flee (Mark 14:50). Mark, however, introduces a young man as a new character who was following Jesus like other disciples and fled naked before Jesus’s suffering. This young man is the most enigmatic character in Mark. In particular, the young man never appears in other Gospels. For this reason, the young man’s identity and his conduct has been a topic of longstanding dispute among scholars. Some regard him as historical figures, one of Jesus’ own disciples like John the son of Zebedee, James the Lord’s brother, or John Mark. They consider him as witness of Jesus. Others take the young man to be symbolic figures like an angel, Jesus himself, Christian initiate, and a representative of disciples’ reality. In this work, I suggest that the young man is Mark’ literary creation by imitating Homeric model of Elpenor. Mark relies on a specific genetic model, not on historical reports of witness or symbolic interpretation. Mark’s literary intention by using Homer’s Elpenor is to substitute his own value for Homer’s. The idea of the afterlife in Homeric epics is replaced to Christianized the concept of the afterlife that is resurrection. In addition, the identity of the young man is Mark’s creation as a stand-in to substitute for Jesus and exculpate him from responsibility for not warning his disciples before the Jewish Temple destruction. According to Mark’s Gospel, Jesus himself told his disciples in advance. Moreover, the young man in Jesus’s empty tomb provides the three women with the message of Jesus to escape from the tragic incident. Therefore, nobody would blame Jesus for the suffering of the Jerusalem Church in Jewish war. The women’s failure to transmit the message doomed Jesus’ followers to the carnage of the war. The identity of the young man in Mark’s Gospel can be detected by considering Mark’s literary model and his mimetic achievement. As a creative and skillful author, Mark imitates well-known model in Greco-Roman literary world. Mark, however, does not just copy of the model; Mark emulates and transforms it to replace the concept of the afterlife. In addition, Mark’s mimetic achievement in the episode of the young man is to convey the supremacy of Jesus by exculpating him from responsibility not saving his followers from the catastrophe. Mark’s Gospel is the response for the issue. In sum, Mark’s dependence on Homer explains the most enigmatic character and scene in Mark.

In A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, James Joyce used the form or structure of his language to connote a meaning which supported the content of the text. The elements of form he used most often were sentence and paragraph structure, punctuation, rhythm, and classical rhetorical schemes. By manipulating these, he gained three benefits: he supplied an emotional appeal to the content, he represented his epistemological beliefs in his language, and he gave elegance to his prose. Background research reveals the influences that led to Joyce using form to support content. They include his Jesuit education, his own predisposition to the connotative aspects of language, and his literary work previous to Portrait. The examination of the text of Portrait exhibits the particular ways Joyce used the elements of form to fit content. Several of the highly emotional episodes of the story, the most likely to contain form-fitting-content examples, are examined in detail. Attention is given to rhetorical schemes of repetition because it is through these schemes that emotional pitch is adjusted in the story. Joyce's innovative use of syntactical structures to fit content, and his application of such poetic forms as rhythm and meter to simulate physical action are discussed. An examination of the end of the book, a section where rhetorical schemes and structural manipulation seems to disappear, shows how the apparent lack of connotative elements is appropriate to making a new form fit a new content. The use of form to support content in Portrait was an artistic commitment which Joyce began in Portrait. He would continue and intensify his commitment in all of his writing after Portrait. How Joyce wrote would always thereafter be determined by what he wrote about. / Graduation date: 1995

Submitted by Automação e Estatística (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-05-02T22:29:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeWittDeMendoncaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 4599695 bytes, checksum: 6df4b7337f620e00be20ae22cdb06536 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-05-04T22:24:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeWittDeMendoncaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 4599695 bytes, checksum: 6df4b7337f620e00be20ae22cdb06536 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T22:24:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeWittDeMendoncaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 4599695 bytes, checksum: 6df4b7337f620e00be20ae22cdb06536 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-06 / A obra de James Joyce (1882-1941) que trabalhamos nessa pesquisa, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, publicada em 1916, narra a história de Stephen Dedalus no período que vai da sua infância até o início da idade adulta. É a partir dessa perspectiva da evolução do texto juntamente com o personagem que propomos um estudo do romance enquanto gênero diferenciado no tratamento da categoria do tempo. Partimos com o objetivo de analisar de que maneira a linguagem desenvolvida pelo autor possibilita a criação de uma camada linguística para o desenvolvimento do personagem e do tempo ao longo da narrativa, possibilitando o compartilhamento de uma experiência temporal a partir da linguagem. Analisaremos como a linguagem é utilizada para desenvolver a temática da rebeldia do personagem, inserida na estrutura linguística da obra. Desenvolvemos essa pesquisa em A Portrait a partir do estudo de autores como Ricoeur (1995), Bakhtin (2010), Benjamin (2011), Lukács (2007), Mendilow (1972), Genette (1995), entre outros. Discutimos também a questão da interação narradorpersonagem e sua influência na evolução da narrativa, partindo de Candido (2007) e Auerbach (2002). Nossa proposta desenvolve primeiramente um estudo sobre as características romanescas que fazem da temática do tempo um elemento essencial à forma do romance. Abordamos, na sequência, a forma como a linguagem desenvolve uma reconfiguração da experiência temporal na estrutura linguística do romance. Chegamos à conclusão de que para configurar o tempo por meio da linguagem, o autor utiliza de recursos literários como, por exemplo, a relação entre o narrador e personagem observada na manipulação do ponto de vista, a possibilidade de unir o discurso do narrador às palavras do personagem por meio de uma linguagem híbrida, o uso de ferramentas como a repetição ou a exploração dos níveis da consciência do personagem pela sua linguagem, além da adaptação de estilos e padrões narrativos correspondentes a cada etapa da vida do personagem fazendo com que a sua evolução seja sentida, não apenas declarada, na própria experiência linguística da leitura. / The work of James Joyce (1882-1941) discussed in this research, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, published in 1916, tells the story of Stephen Dedalus, in the period of time that goes from his childhood to early adulthood. It is from the perspective of the evolution of the text along with the character that we propose a study of the novel as a genre differentiated in the treatment of the category of time. We set out to analyze how the language developed by the author allows the creation of a linguistic layer for the development of the character and the category of time throughout the narrative, allowing the sharing of a temporal experience from the language. We will also analyze how the language is used to develop the theme of character's rebellion, which is also observed in the linguistic structure of the novel. We carry out this research in A Portrait from the theoretical underpinning of authors such as Ricoeur (1995), Bakhtin (2010), Benjamin (2011), Lukács (2007), Mendilow (1972), Genette (1995), among others. We also discuss the narrator-character interaction and its influence on narrative evolution, based on Candido (2007) and Auerbach (2002) theoretical background. Our proposal first depicts a study on the romanesque characteristics that make of the category of time an essential element to the form of the novel. We next deal with the way language embodies a reconfiguration of temporal experience in the linguistic structure of the novel. We conclude that in order to configure the time within the language, the author uses literary resources such as the relationship between the narrator and character, which can be seen in the manipulation of the point of view, the possibility of uniting the speech of the narrator to the words of the character through a hybrid language, the use of tools such as the repetition or the exploration of the levels of the character's consciousness by its language and the adaptation of narrative styles and patterns corresponding to each stage of the life of the character, causing its evolution to be felt, not just stated, in the linguistic experience of reading.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University