The objective of this research study is the examination of the ideas about youth work found within the leadership team for the youth work of the Evangelical St. Reinoldi Chapel, Rupelrath. It investigates the way in which the team leaders' subjective understanding of youth work is affected by theological tensions, following David Bosch's approach “Mission in Creative Tension”. Following the Empirical-Theological Praxis Cycle, a qualitative analysis is carried out within the context of the youth leadership team of the Evangelical youth work. Data collection is undertaken in the form of a group workshop, data analysis in accordance with Grounded Theory. The results are utilised in order to develop a Dialogical Model for Transformative Youth Work as well as guiding principles for youth work with a missiological foundation. This study also aims to contribute to the development of a missiological rationale for youth work. / Philosophy and Systematic Theology

This thesis is based on two years of participant observation in a municipal youth club in a Swedish city suburb. In focus is a group of 14-19 year old boys and their relations to peers and to the staff of the club. Rock music playing, the activity they engage in, is studied as a part of the youth club practice, and seen as a communicative process in which relations are lived out. Two approaches are identified; "to go for it" and "to have fun" both of which become important in the boys´ musical awareness, as well as their attitude to life. The youth club is seen as a place where a particular kind of democratic dilemma is grappled with. The club has the pedagogical aim of creating meaningful leisure time on the visitors tenns, but also of disciplining them and functioning as an instrument of guidance into adult life values. Questions of power-relations and institutionalization are discussed through notions of the dialectic of control (Giddens); of authority (Sennett), and of Goffman's analysis of life within public institutions. In this setting, the complexity of power and of growing up in modem society are studied. Both groups; the staff and the visitors, are seen as jointly shaping and recreating a communicative practice through interaction, with music playing as the medium through which relations are transformedand hierarchies seemingly overturned at the same time as social control is cemented and protest limited.

This study employed qualitative research methodology informed by the grounded theory tradition to explore good practice and optimal services for young people presenting with complex care needs associated with challenging or high risk behaviour. In-depth interviews were conducted in three waves of data collection and analysis with fourteen experienced practitioners whose careers have included sustained periods of work with this group in a number of selected Victorian service systems. The principal vantage point was the interface between the supported accommodation and assistance programs for homeless young people, statutory child protection and care, placement and support programs for young people at risk and juvenile justice programs for young offenders. The nature of the problem necessarily included some consideration of mental health and services dealing with substance abuse. The findings propose a view of good practice giving emphasis to the accessible and assertive presence of a responsible adult to �be there� fostering relationships and skilled purposive intervention. Intervention should be planned, holistic, sensitive and responsive to particular needs. It provides active unconditional care. It attends to attachment and trauma concerns and works with short run goals and a long term perspective. Intervention is sustained until constructive disengagement can occur. The complexity and challenge in the task of helping hurt youth warrants the support, strength and guidance of a multi-skilled team. Ideally the team will be described using normative terms. Optimal services are timely, congruent, seamless and robust in capacity to nurture, establish boundaries and meet developmental and therapeutic requirements. They should be connected to a community and there for as long as it takes, with ready access to suitable accommodation, purchasing power and flexibility of operation. To the greatest extent possible solutions are generated in the place where help is sought. Voluntary service commitment lasts till personal capacity and natural networks take over.

This study employed qualitative research methodology informed by the grounded theory tradition to explore good practice and optimal services for young people presenting with complex care needs associated with challenging or high risk behaviour. In-depth interviews were conducted in three waves of data collection and analysis with fourteen experienced practitioners whose careers have included sustained periods of work with this group in a number of selected Victorian service systems. The principal vantage point was the interface between the supported accommodation and assistance programs for homeless young people, statutory child protection and care, placement and support programs for young people at risk and juvenile justice programs for young offenders. The nature of the problem necessarily included some consideration of mental health and services dealing with substance abuse. The findings propose a view of good practice giving emphasis to the accessible and assertive presence of a responsible adult to �be there� fostering relationships and skilled purposive intervention. Intervention should be planned, holistic, sensitive and responsive to particular needs. It provides active unconditional care. It attends to attachment and trauma concerns and works with short run goals and a long term perspective. Intervention is sustained until constructive disengagement can occur. The complexity and challenge in the task of helping hurt youth warrants the support, strength and guidance of a multi-skilled team. Ideally the team will be described using normative terms. Optimal services are timely, congruent, seamless and robust in capacity to nurture, establish boundaries and meet developmental and therapeutic requirements. They should be connected to a community and there for as long as it takes, with ready access to suitable accommodation, purchasing power and flexibility of operation. To the greatest extent possible solutions are generated in the place where help is sought. Voluntary service commitment lasts till personal capacity and natural networks take over.

nÃo hà / O conteÃdo desta pesquisa foi produzido a partir da necessidade de avaliar o projeto social âTecnomoda no Semi-Ãrido: Escola de Design em Moda e Artesanatoâ, enfocando suas conseqÃÃncias, como instrumento de capacitaÃÃo e intervenÃÃo para a definiÃÃo de polÃticas pÃblicas para o municÃpio de TejuÃuoca-CE, na localidade de Vila Retiro, lÃcus da concepÃÃo do projeto. A proposta da referida escola visava melhorar o nÃvel de capacitaÃÃo profissional dos jovens, com o objetivo de ingresso no mercado de trabalho local, constituindo-se uma alternativa em meio à crise do desemprego e via de inclusÃo da juventude. O estudo teve como objetivo principal, avaliar a capacitaÃÃo desenvolvida no Ãmbito do tripà moda, tecnologia e artesanato, na esperanÃa de tracejar o potencial de inclusÃo do pÃblico atendido. Tem como pretensÃo, conforme os resultados apresentados, fornecer subsÃdios e referÃncias para a construÃÃo de projetos futuros para a inclusÃo de jovens na perspectiva de moda e artesanato. Acreditando que, com a divulgaÃÃo dos resultados, seja possÃvel ampliar o conhecimento de novas alternativas, e ainda, ter a capacidade de motivar outros grupos e associaÃÃes, na acepÃÃo de investimento no potencial de jovens com os quais estÃo envolvidos. Fundamentalmente, para a realizaÃÃo deste estudo, alÃm da pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental, inspirada nas bases teÃricas e nos registros do projeto, foi desenvolvida pesquisa de campo, empregando a entrevista como principal tÃcnica de coleta de dados, que permitiu angariar informaÃÃes dos principais atores sociais envolvidos e ainda, outras informaÃÃes, foram resultado da observaÃÃo participante como coordenadora e instrutora do referido projeto. / The content of this research was produced out of the necessity to evaluate the social project âTechnodesign in the Semi-Dry Land: School of Design in Fashion and Craftsmanshipâ, focusing in its consequences, as an instrument of qualification and intervention to the definition of public policies for the municipality of TejuÃuoca-CE, located at the Retiro Village, where the project originated. The proposal of the aforementioned school seeks to improve the level of professional qualification of young students, aiming to facilitate their immersion into local markets, serving as an alternative to the unemployment crisis, via the inclusion of young students into the market. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the qualification developed in the essence of the tripod of fashion design, technology and craftsmanship, hoping to identify the potential of inclusion of the public. Its intension, according to the results presented, is to offer subsidies and references to the construction of future projects to the inclusion of young students in the perspective of fashion design and craftsmanship. The project brings hopes that the publication of the results will motivate other groups and associations to invest in the potential of young students. Finally, for the realization of this study, as well as the biographical and documental research, inspired in the theoretical basis and in the data records of the project, a campus research was developed, utilizing interviews as its main data gathering tool, which allowed for a trustworthy gathering of information from important participants of the project, as well as other information, was the result of the observation of the coordinator and instructor of the referred project.

Paper 1: The process of engagement is essential in practice with young people at risk of social exclusion. The elements of success in building this relationship are explored to some extent in the therapeutic literature, but do not necessarily cross the discipline divide to provide clear guidance for youth work practice. This paper explored the elements of success in engaging with vulnerable young people from the perspectives of eleven vulnerable young people and ten practitioners using Personal Construct Psychology methods to elicit and compare perceptions of the process of engagement. Professionals’ personal theories of the causation and prevention of a commonly occurring case study were also investigated for their relationship to the personal constructs guiding their practice. It was found that young people prioritised the affective elements of the relationship, but that pragmatic considerations were also of high importance to them. In contrast, professionals prioritised a commitment to young person well-being, followed by factors supporting the well-being of the practitioner including self reflection. Implications for practice include an appreciation of the factors important to young people, such as genuine warmth and affect, and pragmatics that make a worker more accessible such as ad hoc availability and approachability. Paper 2: Vulnerable young people access services such as Youth Services and Youth Offending Services. Professionals in this sector have limited access to Educational Psychology. Educational Psychologists are increasingly working outside traditional settings in Community Educational Psychology roles, however more evidence is needed to illustrate the diverse possibilities of practice. This paper explores the role and perceived impact on practice of a Community Educational Psychologist coaching six, monthly sessions of Solution-Focused peer supervision with three professional peer groups from Youth Services, Youth Offending Services and Police Youth Intervention. Personal construct shifts regarding the elements of success in engaging with vulnerable young people were measured pre- and post-intervention along with role and impact themes identified through observation diaries and post-intervention semi-structured interviews. Findings included the importance of the non-intervention specific elements of the psychological supervision, the impact of Solution-Focused techniques as both a tool and process for professional development, and recommendations for further support for professionals working with vulnerable young people.

In Scotland, current policy aims to produce work ready young people with relevant enterprise and employment skills. However, many are caught in a repetitive cycle of short term work placements with large numbers of young people still not at work or in education. Accordingly, this study was concerned with social capital in respect of young people’s outcomes from engaging with a youth work project, that was designed to encourage enterprise and employability skills. Using qualitative data drawn from a single site case study, this research develops an understanding of the extent to which different forms of social capital influenced young people’s outcomes. The thesis sets out a theoretical position that draws from Archer’s understanding of critical realism and social capital theory based on the works of Putnam, Coleman and Bourdieu. This approach suggests that the complex interactions between social structures, identities, material resources and cultural forms, enable or inhibit the emergence of social capital practices. An action research approach was applied and empirical work was based on observations and reflections of young people participating in an enterprise challenge. Data were collected via questionnaires, professional discussions and the observations and analysis of relevant documents. Overall findings illustrate the emergence of bonding, bridging and linking social capital in addition to identity, economic and cultural capital developments. However, changes within social structure were the hardest to detect. Whilst there are indicators of young people’s improved outcomes, findings suggest that conditioned socio-cultural stereotypes in respect of gender and class may be limiting opportunities. Shared reflexive practices and linking social capital may however provide opportunities to disrupt, and create new pathways, but should be treated with caution. Youth workers can develop and extend the reach of young people’s social capital practices and the thesis concludes by presenting a set of general recommendations that might serve to facilitate change.

Allt högre krav ställs på en vetenskapligt grundad praktik inom det sociala arbetet, en så kallad evidensbaserad praktik. Studiens syfte är att undersöka evidensbasering i det sociala arbetets praktik. Detta uppnås genom en undersökning av arbetsmetoder och synen på evidensbaserat arbete hos fältassistenter verksamma i Rinkeby-Kista stadsdelsförvaltning. Studien genomförs med hjälp av intervjuer vilka analyseras tillsammans med olika dokument och ställs mot det teoretiska ramverket. Dokumenten utgörs av en populärvetenskaplig artikel och två arbetsplatsannonser samt skriftlig information från fältassistenterna. Författarna utgår därmed ifrån en kombination av olika sätt att inhämta kunskap. Det teoretiska ramverket utgörs av Socialstyrelsens modell för evidensbaserat arbete och tillämpad teoretisk litteratur gällande evidensbasering, socialt arbete och fältarbete. Studiens resultat visar enligt författarna att det råder en osäkerhet kring evidensbegreppet bland de fältassistenter som ingår i undersökningen. Detta leder till att den evidensbaserade praktiken till stor del utförs utan en professionell medvetenhet. / Increasingly high demands, in western welfare states, are placed on a scientifically based social work practice; a so-called evidence based practice. The aim for the study is to investigate evidence based social work practice. This is achieved through a study of the work methods of detached youth workers from Rinkeyby-Kista district administration in Stockholm and their view on evidence based social work. The study is conducted using interviews which together with various documents are analyzed and set against a theoretical framework. The documents consist of a popular science article, two job advertisements and data from detached youth workers. The authors thus use different methods of collecting data. The theoretical framework consists of the National Board model for evidence based work and applied theoretical literature regarding evidence based practice, social work and outreach work. The results demonstrate that there is uncertainty about the concept of evidence based practice among detached youth workers included in the survey. This furthermore leads to an evidence based practice which is largely carried out without a professional awareness.

1. This research study examines aspects of the effectiveness of the Every ChildlYouth Matters (ECMIYM) programme with regard to its implementation in 2006. Part 1 of the study explores the practical implications of ECM/YM for professional practice across the different welfare agencies, through a series of loosely structured interviews with managers, case workers and young offenders (aged up to 16 years). From an analysis of the data, using grounded theory approaches, three key findings were inducted. These findings suggested the following: I. A lack of consistency in the quality of targeted support provided by integrated services for the most vulnerable children and young people and their families; II. A lack of fine tuning in: a) the identification of vulnerability across different cohorts of children and young people, according to their changing circumstances; b) the ways in which information (about vulnerable children and young people) is shared and used across the different welfare agencies. 2. Reflection on these findings led to a further review of the literature that focuses on critiques of social policy. The analyses of research data within this domain suggest the limitations of social policy making that conforms to a linear, mechanistic approach, because it does not respond to individualised, local need. This suggests further that it is the policies themselves that account for the perceived lack of fine tuning identified in the above findings in part one of this research thesis. Therefore it was important, next, to capture data which drew on respondents' personal perceptions of welfare provision, which might endorse, or otherwise, those aspects in which part 1 of the study suggested that the ECM/YM agenda is failing, in some localities, to meet the needs of the most vulnerable children, young people and their families. 3. In part two of this study, further research was conducted through a series , of extended conversations with: male offenders (aged between 16 and 24 years); parents/partners of prisoners; managers from voluntary/not for profit organisations and senior multi-agency professionals. The data were analysed using a phenomenological approach. Overall, the findings suggest that a purely mechanistic, evidenced-based approach to providing welfare support for vulnerable children, young people and their families can result in negative outcomes when compared with a more contextualised, holistic approach.

Orientador: Liliana Rolfsen Petrilli Segnini / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T22:40:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kober_ClaudiaMattos_D.pdf: 1535516 bytes, checksum: 93ad3b76bf1ab76025df88eff6d88c39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O presente trabalho analisa as escolhas de carreira universitárias feitas por estudantes da terceira série do Ensino Médio a partir de seus depoimentos. Trata-se de um momento privilegiado no processo das escolhas referentes à formação profissional, experienciadas pelos indivíduos inseridos em uma sociedade que passa por profundas transformações em todos os âmbitos, inclusive nos seus valores. No processo de decisão que se impõe aos indivíduos nesta fase de suas vidas, eles têm de articular a sua trajetória de vida, familiar, educacional e social com a percepção que elaboram das profissões, das oportunidades de formação e do mercado de trabalho e suas demandas. A amostra de depoimentos colhidos foi desenhada para contemplar tanto estudantes que freqüentavam uma escola técnica estadual quanto alunos de uma escola privada de alto padrão, ambas consideradas como instituições de ensino de qualidade. Cada grupo foi dividido em alunos do sexo masculino e do sexo feminino, metade dos quais estava fazendo cursinho preparatório para os vestibulares. No caso do grupo da escola pública, utilizaram-se subgrupos adicionais formados por estudantes que trabalhavam e aqueles que cursavam o ensino técnico (em paralelo com o Ensino Médio). Foram realizadas 33 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Na análise dos resultados empregaram-se as obras de Pierre Bourdieu e Norbert Elias, em particular os conceitos de habitus e configuração. Verificou-se que a noção da necessidade de um curso superior para a inserção no mercado de trabalho é de tal forma incorporada pelos jovens entrevistados que todos pretendiam cursar uma carreira universitária. As escolhas de carreira desses jovens são expressão da continuidade das trajetórias familiares, seja de manutenção de uma posição social, seja de superação da posição conquistada pela geração anterior. A adesão a esse projeto e um processo de racionalização crescente leva o jovem à busca ativa de um equilíbrio entre os gostos pessoais (eles mesmos desenvolvidos principalmente no interior das relações familiares ou na escola), as oportunidades oferecidas pelo mercado de trabalho, as chances concretas de ingresso na carreira considerada e a realização de um projeto de vida individual, porém inserido no projeto familiar e de classe. Isto é possibilitado pelo desenvolvimento de disposições de autocontrole, autodisciplina e capacidade de adiamento de satisfações momentâneas em nome da realização de um projeto de futuro. Para a concretização desse projeto, a escola tem papel central / Abstract: This work analyses the choices made by Brazilian graduating high school students regarding their programs of study in higher education. It deals with a privileged moment in the process of making decisions related to professional training, as experienced by individuals living in a society that is undergoing deep transformations in all realms, including values. In approaching the decisions that they must make at this phase of their lives, young people need to articulate a life trajectory ¿ with family, educational and social dimensions ¿ taking into account the perceptions they develop about different professions, as well as training opportunities and the labor market and its requirements. The sample of collected testimonies was designed to include students enrolled in a public technical school and in a high-standard private school, both renowned as good quality educational institutions. Half of the students in each group, both o which had a balanced gender ratio, were also attending preparatory courses for university entrance tests. In the public school group, there was also a balance between such subgroups as working/non-working students and those receiving/not receiving technical education in courses taken in parallel to their high school education. Thirty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted. The framework for the analysis of results was derived from the works of Pierre Bourdieu and Norbert Elias, specially the notions of habitus and configuration. One important result is that the idea, that having a tertiary education qualification is necessary for entering the labor market, is so deeply imbued in the young people interviewed that all of them intend to pursue higher level education. Their career choices tend to be in continuity with family trajectories, hoping either to maintain their social status or to surpass that attained by the previous generation. As young people pursue this hope and enter into a process of growing rationalization, they are drawn to search actively for a balance among their personal preferences (themselves developed mainly in the family and/or school milieu), opportunities to be found in the labor market, concrete chances of entering a desired career, and the realization of an individual life project. This is made possible by means of developing dispositions such as self-control, selfdiscipline, and the ability to postpone transitory satisfaction in favor of accomplishing a project for the future. The school has a central role in the concrete shaping of this project / Doutorado / Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura / Doutor em Educação