Submitted by PPG Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais (engenharia.pg.materiais@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-25T13:24:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissserta??o final_Lucas Weber Dias.pdf: 2263503 bytes, checksum: ea9c29b6b538c56ea795610f7bc5a808 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-29T13:30:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissserta??o final_Lucas Weber Dias.pdf: 2263503 bytes, checksum: ea9c29b6b538c56ea795610f7bc5a808 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-29T13:38:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissserta??o final_Lucas Weber Dias.pdf: 2263503 bytes, checksum: ea9c29b6b538c56ea795610f7bc5a808 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The main function of the packaging is to protect the cosmetic from the external environment, avoiding undesirable changes in the product that is contained inside, and thus indispensable for its storage and transpotation. However, its disposal improperly generates a large volume of solid waste, which is directly related to the environmental impact. One of the alternatives to minimize this impact is the use of packages made from biodegradable polymeric films based on polyacrylic acid (PLA), poly (lactic acid ? co- glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), blends of theses polymers and incorporation of Zeolites 13x. The thermal, mechanical optical, water vapor barrier and degradation time in saline solution of polymeric systems are evaluated for application as cosmetic packaging. The technique used for the preparation of the polymer films was that of Solvent Casting. The polymer films were characterized by the techniques of UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scsannig Electron Microscopy (SEM), transparency, water vapor permeability, mechanical assay and absorption spectroscopy atomic. The transmittance results showed that the PCL and PLA blends showed greater blockage to the passage of radiation (190 - 1100nm) and water vapor permeability. The incorporation of PLA or PLGA to the pure PCL resulted in material with batter thermal properties, but more rigid and brittle, not modifying the degradation process until 120 days of incubation. The incorporation of 15% Zeolite 13x into the PCL/PLA blends did not significantly modify the properties evaluated. / As embalagens t?m como principal fun??o, proteger o cosm?tico do meio externo, evitando que ocorram altera??es indesej?veis no produto que est? contido no seu interior, sendo assim indispens?vel para o seu armazenamento e transporte. Por?m, o seu descarte de forma inadequada gera um grande volume de res?duos s?lidos, que est? diretamente relacionado com o impacto ambiental. Uma das alternativas para minimizar este impacto ? a utiliza??o de embalagens confeccionadas a partir de pol?meros biodegrad?veis. Desta maneira, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo a prepara??o e caracteriza??o de filmes polim?ricos biodegrad?veis baseados em Poli ? ?cido l?ctico (PLA), Poli (?cido l?ctico ? co- ?cido glic?lico) (PLGA) e Policaprolactona (PCL), blendas destes pol?meros e incorpora??o de Ze?litas 13x. S?o avaliadas as propriedades t?rmicas, mec?nicas, ?pticas, de barreira a vapor de ?gua e o tempo de degrada??o em solu??o salina dos sistemas polim?ricos, visando aplica??o como embalagem para cosm?ticos. A t?cnica utilizada para a prepara??o dos filmes polim?ricos foi a de Solvent Casting. Os filmes polim?ricos foram caracterizados pelas t?cnicas de Espectrofotometria UV-Vis, Calorimetria Explorat?ria Diferencial (DSC), An?lise Termogravim?trica (TGA), Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV-FEG), transpar?ncia, permeabilidade a vapor de ?gua, ensaio mec?nico e Espectroscopia de absor??o at?mica. Os resultados de transmit?ncia mostraram que a blenda de PCL e PLA apresentou maior bloqueio ? passagem de radia??o (190 nm ? 1100 nm) e ? permeabilidade de vapor de ?gua. A incorpora??o de PLA ou PLGA ao PCL puro resultou num material com melhores propriedades t?rmicas, por?m mais r?gido e quebradi?o, n?o modificando o processo de degrada??o at? 120 dias de incuba??o. A incorpora??o de 15% Ze?lita 13x ? blenda de PCL/PLA n?o modificou significativamente as propriedades avaliadas.

This thesis deals with the ostraca from Samaria, one of the most significant archeological discovery from the point of view of religious life in northern Israel. The thesis briefly introduces the religious world of Israel Region (Egypt, Mesopotamia and Canaan) and of Israel itself. The main focus of this thesis relates to the Samaria ostraca and the main emphasis is placed on the names of recipients and owners that can be found in ostraca trees which are consequently compared to the religious situation in Israel during 8th century BC (the approximate period to which the formation of ostraca are dated). Final chapters try to complete the main purpose which is outlined in the main part of the thesis (Dating of ostraca, Kuntillet Adžrud, Bull in Old Orient). It tries to seek for possible parallels between biblical and historical texts, archeological discoveries and the ostraca themselves. In the Annex can be found tables from years 9, 10 and 15 which contains number of ostrakon, names of owners and recipicients. In conclusion of the thesis is talking about polytheism in northern Israel at 8th century BC.

Práce popisuje daňovou spravedlnost a různé přístupy ke spravedlnosti. Dvěma základními přístupy ke zdanění jsou princip prospěchu a princip platební schopnosti. Daňová spravedlnost je spojena také s progresivitou daní. Práce se dále zabývá obecně daňovým systémem, popisuje funkce daní, klasifikuje daně podle nejrůznějších kritérií jako např. subjekt daně, objekt daně, vazba na důchod poplatníka apod. Dále jsou uvedeny základní požadavky na daňové systémy, tj. efektivnost, administrativní jednoduchost, pružnost a spravedlnost. Následuje stručný popis vývoje českého daňového systému a zhodnocení jednotlivých daní současného českého daňového systému z heldiska spravedlnosti nadefinované v úvodu práce.

Tato práce se zaměřuje na problematiku mezd v souvislostech nejen právních, ale také účetních a daňových. S cílem analyzovat nejnovější situaci v oblasti odměňování zaměstnanců se práce zabývá aktuálními pracovněprávními i mzdovými právními předpisy, které s touto problematikou souvisí, a jejich dopadem na samotný výpočet mzdy v roce 2007.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of mortgage loans in Czech republic in the years 2002 -- 2012. The main objective of this thesis is identification of factors, which influence the volume of mortgage loans. Another objective is to evaluate the development of mortgage loans and loans from building savings and their comparison. The practical part deals with the identification of factors, regression analysis and the influence of various factors on the volume of mortgage loans.

This diploma thesis deals with the issues of property taxes in the Czech Republic focusing on the real estate tax. The first part is devoted to theoretical description of taxes on specifying the property taxes and the historical development of tax system up to current legislation. In the practical part, there is the analysis of real estate tax in the Czech Republic which is followed by the analysis of property tax system in European Union Area. As a result of researched information there are formulated several recommendations or suggestions about the fairness of real estate tax on the territory of the Czech Republic at the end of the thesis.

The thesis deals with the issue of waste management from hospitals. This issue includes their production, sorting, collection, storage and disposal. In 1991 the first law about waste in the Czech republic was created. Till this time the waste management was not priority and waste disposal was not sensible. Currently, more attention is paid to the management of medical waste. The lay public can not imagine what kind of waste occur in health care and how it tis disposed. Health facilities are big producers of different kind of waste which is health risk not even from injuries but also risk of serious infections. Waste is often dangerous and its disposal must be separated from other communal waste. Liquidation and disposal of waste from health facility requires observance of the legislation law, regulations and goverment regulations including a catalog of waste. Many people come into contact with waste from health facility. Waste can threats patients, medical staff and other staff which is involved in handling it or involved in disposing of waste. Improper waste disposal can threaten population and also have negative inpact on the environment. The Hospital Prachatice a.s. is quite large company that produces large amount of waste. These wastes are additionally characterized by great diversity and waste management is not a simple matter. No only medical personnel and other staff are producers of waste in health facility but also outpatients or hospital patients contribute to total volume of produced waste by large proportion. The firt step to reduce the cost of waste disposal is the minimization of its occurrence. This step requires properly trained medical staff and in some cases also acquiring new working practices. For correct sorting of waste are needed other requisites such as well chosen and correct collection means, their correct labeling and their safety. Waste management in Hospital Prachatice a.s. is in accordance with the law. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains the issue of waste produced in healthcare facilities. Then, there is a characteristic of waste from healthcare facilities and their classification. The significant section is devoted to the applicable legislation and the main strategic EU documents and EU directives of waste. The study also mentioned the correct waste management and their sorting and collection. The practical part was processed using qualitative research - a secondary analysis of data. Analyzed data was obtained from annual reports of Hospital Prachatice a.s. and from operating rules of waste management. For research was chosen the time period 2008-2014. For clarity the resulting data were subsequently processed in tabular and grafical forms in Microsoft Excel. As next research method was used semistructured interview which was conducted with employees in selected health care facility. Next, in theoretical part was made qualitive research. This survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews whose aim was to determine the knowledge of workers from selected medical waste facilities. The obtained results have pointed out on issue of medical waste and their potential influence. This thesis could be used as a source of informations for curre

The intent of this diploma thesis is to verify the efficiency of the legislation and its mechanism within the chosen type of execution of monetary compensation, with an emphasis on the economics aspects. The first part of thesis is focused on legislation, primarily on execution through deducting money from wages (wage garnishment). Futhermore, through an analysis of the unseizable amount alongside the amount of deductions from wage, calculation formula is created and calculations are demonstrated on model cases. There is an evaluation of both the viability of the methodologies and the impact of the current regulation on debtor, creditor and employer. Execution regulations via deductions from wage in the Czech Republic are compared with regulatory policies applied abroad. Legislation de lege ferenda is proposed in conclusion.

The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of the woman's ideal during the High Middle Ages, how it was represented by St. Elizabeth of Hungary as the main character of the old-Bohemian Život svaté Alžběty that was credited to Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného. Elizabeth belongs to a new type of saintesses which during the contemporary times embodied important ideals of Christianity (above all poverty and love toward a fellowman realized by charitable and social work) and they offered a model for some overshadowed aspects of feminity (mainly a model of a perfect wife and a widow). We concentrate especially on the formation of the main character in all three women's statuses typical for the Middle Ages, that is virginity, married life and viduity, and also on the revision of their traditional hierarchy in the Elizabethean hagiography.

Camels are important husbandry animals which are also often bred in zoological gardens. Unfortunately, camels in European zoos are not usually trained and pregnancy diagnosis in a half-tamed camel is very difficult. Moreover, information of the maternal behaviour of camels is limited. This thesis reviewed current knowledge on camel husbandry, reproduction and behaviour and aimed to 1) examine non-invasive methods of heat and pregnancy diagnosis from urine and saliva in camels kept in zoological gardens; 2) explore their maternal and suckling behaviour; 3) describe experiences with artificial rearing of camel calves. The research into non-invasive pregnancy diagnosis was carried out from 2010 to 2012. Urine from 14 camel females kept in four European zoological gardens was collected and tested using two chemical tests -- the Cuboni reaction and barium chloride test. The Cuboni reaction was significantly (p < 0.01) affected by the pregnancy status of female camels, and its accuracy increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the period leading up to parturition. The barium chloride test did not provide reliable results. Next, the saliva of five adult female camels was sampled for more than one year and concentrations of progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) were measured. The concentrations of P4 (n = 312) and E2 (n = 310) were both significantly (p < 0.0001) affected by the pregnancy status of the animals. Maternal and suckling behaviour was observed from 2003 to 2009 in six zoological gardens, and the presented study includes partial data from this period. Allosuckling (i.e. when a female nurses a non-filial offspring) was described for the first time in camels and it represented 8.58% of all suckling bouts. The non-filial calves suckled more often in the lateral position and preferably joined the filial calf when suckling, so the results support the 'milk theft' hypothesis (stealing of milk) as a main cause of this behaviour. Finally, calf rearing in the Prague zoological garden was summarised and two camel calves were successfully artificially reared. This PhD thesis concluded that 1) the Cuboni reaction with urine and salivary P4 and E2 measurements are suitable methods for pregnancy diagnosis in half-tamed female camels; 2) allosuckling is relatively common in captive Bactrian camels; 3) the artificial rearing of camel calves with a calf milk replacer can be successful.