Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T00:01:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_6872_dissertacao_Manuel.pdf: 120821591 bytes, checksum: 1c71b429685022143e941d3f6d0aca66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-19 / O presente projeto propõe o desenvolvimento de algoritmos de calibração e fusão dos sinais provenientes de acelerômetros, giroscópios e magnetômetros, para implementação de um sensor tridimensional conhecido como MARG. O sistema MARG-UFES, desenvolvido neste trabalho, permite que dados adquiridos referentes aos movimentos tridimensionais sejam processados, calibrados e transmitidos sem fio mediante a tecnologia ZigBee. O sistema desenvolvido tem a capacidade de comunicação com um receptor em configuração ponto a ponto, sem fio permitindo-se o estudo de movimentos cotidianos como caminhar, subir escadas e realizando a análise de posições corporais específicas requeridas durante a reabilitação motora de membros superiores e inferiores. São apresentadas também as técnicas de fabricação de sistemas MARG para análise de movimento, assim como as calibrações necessárias para garantir confiabilidade das informações coletadas. Os dados obtidos serão comparados com os resultados de uma versão anterior e, principalmente, com o sensor comercial TECH-IMU CAN (TECHNAID, Espanha), que atualmente é usado por professores e pesquisadores da area de Engenharia Biomédica e por clínicas de reabilitação motora.

ZigBee based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) utilize the same un-licensed 2.4GHz frequency band. In our research, it is noticed that ZigBee could suffer serious performance degradation due to the collocated WLAN interference. After going through the available literature and combining with a thorough statistical analysis of our experimental results, several important factors that severely impact the ZigBee packet transmission performance have been identified. Motivated by these findings, novel techniques are designed to improve the performance of ZigBee packet transmission under WLAN interference. ACK with Interference Detection (ACK-ID) technique is developed to improve the delivery rate of ACK packets, and consequently reduce the number of redundant retransmissions. In order to improve the energy efficiency, Adaptive Transmit Power Adjustment (ATPA) is proposed to adaptively adjust the optimal transmit power while maintaining the predefined Packet Loss Rate (PLR) requirement. Time Aware Backoff and Transmission (TABTx) technique controls the time spent on each packet transmission attempt so as to avoid the Transmit First In First Out Byte Register (TXFIFO) overflow. Adaptive Preamble Padding with Retransmission Control (APPRC) is proposed to improve the transmission efficiency while satisfying the PLR requirement by determining the appropriate number of protective preamble padding bytes and whether or not to adopt packet retransmission. All these novel techniques have been implemented in the Crossbow MICAz motes and evaluated through extensive experimental measurements in the testbed.

The Master’s Thesis deals with a ZigBee technology and its devices working each other in wireless personal area network. The ZigBee and its advantages are compared with other wireless protocols working in ISM bands. A first part deals with a topology of IEEE 802.4.15 WPAN and the ZigBee features. Types and format of the ZigBee data-frame are mentioned. A Second part of this thesis describes a design and testing of the ZigBee devices. Results of this thesis are demonstrated on ZMU (ZigBee Modules Utility) program that has been developed for the testing of this technology.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores (Automação). Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Engenharia. 2010

<p>There has been a quick development in the wireless network area during the last decade. Mostly </p><p>these days the focus in the wireless area is on very high speed and long range applications. This </p><p>thesis describes how ZigBee is suitable for wireless sensor networks in logistic telemetry </p><p>applications for global managing and monitoring of goods. ZigBee has been developed by the </p><p>organization named as ‘ZigBee Alliance’ as a new wireless standard for the wireless solutions </p><p>based upon the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard [2]. ZigBee is a new technology as compared to the other </p><p>wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, but it has certain characteristics such as low cost, low </p><p>power, support for mesh networking e.t.c which makes its chances to be more successful than </p><p>others. </p><p> </p><p>The other aim of this thesis is to examine different issues related to ZigBee to see its fitness for </p><p>logistic telemetry applications like multi-hop routing issues, routing strategies and design </p><p>requirements. ZigBee is relatively new wireless technology, so there are great deals of promises </p><p>associated with it. In this thesis, a comparison between ZigBee and Bluetooth technologies will </p><p>also be made.</p>

Nowadays, there is a growing demand for reliable assets security and management in various industries. The company SolarWave is eager to implement a comprehensive security system to produce active protection for their expensive product: solar panels. This security system is not only including assets tracking, monitoring but also combined with a control system, which is used to binary control a switch of solar panel to be on in presence of the correct ID and off in absence of the correct ID. One of the technologies that made this concept viable is known as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The thesis project is a sub-project in the development project whose content is mentioned as above. It contains two main parts. One is the system solution for the company. The other is RFID tag design which is in parallel with the company solution in order to reach a scientific level of a master thesis. In this thesis, I systematically analyze the operating mechanism and characteristics of RFID, and propose both active and passive RFID solutions for the company. And I also suggest an alternative radio technology ZigBee which can be used instead or as a complement to RFID. Meanwhile, I propose two designs of RFID tag according to the specification of the solar panel. One is modified meandering antenna. This kind of antenna is very effective and popular in RFID tag design in order to minimize the size of antenna. The other is inductively coupled loop antenna. It is a very useful method for conjugate matching in RFID tag antenna. The required input resistance and reactance can be achieved separately by choosing appropriate geometry parameters. It makes the antenna easier to match to the tag chips. Both the RFID antenna designs are simulated on Ansoft HFSS 12.

The CPR3 is a handheld radar device. This device is capable of detecting movement through walls and is mainly intended for police and military use. It is equipped with a Bluetooth module that enables remote control. To enhance the mobility of the users that utilize this functionality, a Windows Mobile application is developed. This application is meant to replace the already existing Windows application used for remotely controlling these radar devices. Furthermore, a small evaluation of the framework used for the development of the application is performed. Also, a theoretical performance analysis is performed on the ZigBee standard. The goal is to find out whether or not ZigBee is a suitable replacement technology for Bluetooth as the primary means of communication within the system.

Interactive Institute’s Power Studio i Eskilstuna har ett projekt som heter AWARE. AWARE är ett designorienterat forskningsprojekt som syftar till att öka människors medvetenhet om hur elenergi används i vardagen, speciellt i hemmen. Målet är att uppmärksamma människor om deras elanvändning samt ge de ett medel att kunna kontrollera och göra deras elanvändning mer effektiv.Som en del i AWARE ska en intelligent bärbar armatur som är batteridriven tas fram som ska få människor att tänka på att elenergi inte är något konstant och outtömligt. Det ska finnas visuella effekter som på ett bra sätt kan väcka dessa tankar. Vid laddning av dessa armaturer kan t.ex. ett svagt pulserande ljus användas för att ge effekten av att armaturen tankas med elenergi. Detta examensarbete bygger på att producera två prototyper av dessa armaturer som kan kommunicera trådlöst med varandra.Examensarbetet resulterade i två stycken fungerande prototyper. Dessa prototyper klarar av att kommunicera och styra varandra och utgör en enkel plattform för vidare utveckling. Med lite mer arbete kommer prototyperna

There has been a quick development in the wireless network area during the last decade. Mostly these days the focus in the wireless area is on very high speed and long range applications. This thesis describes how ZigBee is suitable for wireless sensor networks in logistic telemetry applications for global managing and monitoring of goods. ZigBee has been developed by the organization named as ‘ZigBee Alliance’ as a new wireless standard for the wireless solutions based upon the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard [2]. ZigBee is a new technology as compared to the other wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, but it has certain characteristics such as low cost, low power, support for mesh networking e.t.c which makes its chances to be more successful than others. The other aim of this thesis is to examine different issues related to ZigBee to see its fitness for logistic telemetry applications like multi-hop routing issues, routing strategies and design requirements. ZigBee is relatively new wireless technology, so there are great deals of promises associated with it. In this thesis, a comparison between ZigBee and Bluetooth technologies will also be made.

In recent years, due to the issues of energy saving, the smart grid has become more important. AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure) is the basic of smart grid. However, AMI¡¦s network initialization usually cost a lot of time delay and energy waste because of many collisions due to the initialization in the high node density and variable network. In this paper, we proposed a Dynamic Contention Slot Initialization Protocol (DCSI Protocol) to reduce time delay and energy waste in the network initialization. At the beginning, all nodes in DCSI protocol are set in the receiving state. The proposed approach reduces not only collisions but also the communication failure due to the interference out of the transmission range. We divided time into time slots and then composed them to superframe. The first slot of superframe is designed for master node¡¦s broadcast, and other time slots are devised for other nodes to join in the network. Based on the previous superframe, nodes for the proposed protocol adjust the number of the contention slot by detecting collisions to adapt the high node density and variable network. The simulation results demonstrate superiority of DCSI protocol over flooding.