This study aims to find an effective linear combination of factors in different economic cycle periods and then construct two factor timing multi-factor alpha models, one each for the expansion and contraction periods. Then, we wish to examine a further two effects, namely calendar effect and cross effect. The calendar periods are divided into the first half year and the second half year. The cross effect is the combination of the economic cycle and the calendar effect. In addition, this study puts different loadings in core and satellite descriptors, which means we wish to examine which descriptors are more important when we rebalance our portfolio weekly. The empirical results show that the Value factor is effective in expansion and the first half year, and the Size and Earnings Quality factors are effective in contraction and the second half year. Moreover, the Price Momentum and Trading Activity factors are effective most of the time. We find that the optimal weight for core descriptors is 0.3 and for satellite descriptors is 0.7. Finally, the information ratios of our models are superior to the Standard alpha model by Hsu et al. (2011) and the Market Trend-based alpha model by Wang (2011). Taking the AMCross as an example, when the tracking error is below 3%, the IR is 1.40, the active return is 3.09%, the tracking error is 2.20%, the turnover rate is 207% and the transaction costs are 1.2%.

Because of the economic development of Taiwan, population gathering and the habit of people using transports, these considerations have made vehicle grow up fast. Vehicles emitted a large amount of pollutant that has caused many air pollution occasions. The motive of this study is to understand the motorcycle driving cycle, amount of pollutant and emission factor in four areas ¡VTaipei, Taichung, Kaoshiung and Pingtung. But it is very poor on concerning study in Taiwan. It is necessary to go on the concerning investigation and to establish the driving cycle and the actual emission factor of mobile source of Taiwan. The experiment includes two parts: one is regional driving pattern that is selected by factor analysis from samples; the other is to get the concentration of the pollutant and to calculate emission factors of the one by using Dynamometer. The pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon (THC) and nitrogen oxides (NOX). In this study, the emission factors of motorcycles of the four areas are ¡§Taipei: CO 8.24 g/km, THC 2.53 g/km, NOX 0.12 g/km, CO2 55.98 g/km, Taichung: CO 7.81 g/km, THC 2.28 g/km, NOX 0.12 g/km, CO2 54.31 g/km, Kaoshiung: CO 6.53 g/km, THC 1.62 g/km, NOX 0.13 g/km, CO2 54.03 g/km, and Pingtung: CO 6.79 g/km, THC 1.63 g/km, NOX 0.13 g/km, CO2 41.42 g/km.

The South African society is characterised by high levels of risk factors which can have a significantly negative impact on the development of children. The impact of risk factors from an early age can hinder intellectual and emotional growth during the critical stage (middle childhood) of development. Middle childhood can be described as the relatively tranquil period during which patterns and routines are embedded and cognitive-, social-, emotional- and self-conceptualisation are formed. Children are daily exposed to risks and stressful events that can lead to negative outcomes. The impact of risks and adversity sets challenges for the child that test his/her coping abilities and perseverance within a given period and situation. The idea behind resilience is to accept these challenges through utilising protective factors and decreasing the effects of risk factors. The Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist of Ayers and Sandler (1999) was used to assess resilience and The Resilience and Youth Development Module (RYDM) of WestEd (1999 & 2002) to measure participants’ perceptions of the school, home, environment and peer group as external protective domains as well as participants ability in seven psychosocial internal assets and their experience of certain risk factors. A biographical questionnaire was used to gather demographic information of the learners. The findings indicated positive coping abilities (resilience), protective perceptions of external and internal assets and low levels of risk experience (resilience) in the majority of participants. Significant differences were found between boys and girls and between the age groups 10 and 13 years. Theoretically, these findings indicate resilience in the majority of this group of learners who reside in a socio-economically deprived milieu characterised by risk factors. / Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

The South African society is characterised by high levels of risk factors which can have a significantly negative impact on the development of children. The impact of risk factors from an early age can hinder intellectual and emotional growth during the critical stage (middle childhood) of development. Middle childhood can be described as the relatively tranquil period during which patterns and routines are embedded and cognitive-, social-, emotional- and self-conceptualisation are formed. Children are daily exposed to risks and stressful events that can lead to negative outcomes. The impact of risks and adversity sets challenges for the child that test his/her coping abilities and perseverance within a given period and situation. The idea behind resilience is to accept these challenges through utilising protective factors and decreasing the effects of risk factors. The Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist of Ayers and Sandler (1999) was used to assess resilience and The Resilience and Youth Development Module (RYDM) of WestEd (1999 & 2002) to measure participants’ perceptions of the school, home, environment and peer group as external protective domains as well as participants ability in seven psychosocial internal assets and their experience of certain risk factors. A biographical questionnaire was used to gather demographic information of the learners. The findings indicated positive coping abilities (resilience), protective perceptions of external and internal assets and low levels of risk experience (resilience) in the majority of participants. Significant differences were found between boys and girls and between the age groups 10 and 13 years. Theoretically, these findings indicate resilience in the majority of this group of learners who reside in a socio-economically deprived milieu characterised by risk factors. / Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

No description available.

No description available.

LD2668 .T4 1954 G9 / Master of Science

No description available.