Thèse, Univ. de Bourgogne.

Intervjuer med kunniga på AIS-området har utförts parallellt med en enkät riktad till aktiva befäl ute till sjöss. Detta i syfte att ta reda på dels hur detta hjälpmedel bör användas vad avser antikollision, dels hur det faktiskt används i praktiken. AIS, Automatic Identification System, är ett informationsdelningssystem som hjälper fartyg att navigera säkert genom att sända ut egen navigationsdata och samtidigt ta emot motsvarande information från andra fartyg. Systemet nyttjas även som informationssystem för landbaserade stationer såsom VTS-centraler och kustbevakning. Undersökningen har engagerat och visat att expertisen anser att AIS, i många avseenden, är ett bra och användbart hjälpmedel som bör komplettera övrig utrustning vid bedömning om kollisionsrisk. Vidare visar enkäten att ARPA-systemet, trots vissa inneboende brister, tillmäts större förtroende än AIS och AIS-vektorer används därför sparsamt. Enkäten visar även att en stor del av de aktiva inte är främmande för att göra avsteg från sjövägsreglerna emedan expertisen i huvudsak avråder från sådant. / Interviews with experts, in the field of AIS, have been conducted alongside a quantitative survey aimed at certified seagoing officers. The purpose of the survey was to investigate how this navigational aid preferably should be used in collision avoidance, in contrast to how it is used in reality. AIS, Automatic Identification System, is an information sharing system to assist in safe navigation by transmitting the own vessels navigational data while, at the same time, receiving corresponding information from other ships. The system is also utilized by land based stations such as VTS-centers and coast guards. The investigation shows that experts conclude AIS to be, in many aspects, a good and useful aid which should be used in collaboration with other equipment when assessing risk of collision. Furthermore, the survey show that the ARPA-system, in spite of some internal shortcomings, is awarded more trust than AIS and AIS vectors are therefore rarely used. The survey also shows that a large number of officers are open to deviating from the COLREGs while the experts, in general, advise against it.

<p>Intervjuer med kunniga på AIS-området har utförts parallellt med en enkät riktad till aktiva befäl ute till sjöss. Detta i syfte att ta reda på dels hur detta hjälpmedel bör användas vad avser antikollision, dels hur det faktiskt används i praktiken.</p><p>AIS, Automatic Identification System, är ett informationsdelningssystem som hjälper fartyg att navigera säkert genom att sända ut egen navigationsdata och samtidigt ta emot motsvarande information från andra fartyg. Systemet nyttjas även som informationssystem för landbaserade stationer såsom VTS-centraler och kustbevakning.</p><p>Undersökningen har engagerat och visat att expertisen anser att AIS, i många avseenden, är ett bra och användbart hjälpmedel som <em>bör</em> komplettera övrig utrustning vid bedömning om kollisionsrisk. Vidare visar enkäten att ARPA-systemet, trots vissa inneboende brister, tillmäts större förtroende än AIS och AIS-vektorer används därför sparsamt. Enkäten visar även att en stor del av de aktiva inte är främmande för att göra avsteg från sjövägsreglerna emedan expertisen i huvudsak avråder från sådant.</p> / <p>Interviews with experts, in the field of AIS, have been conducted alongside a quantitative survey aimed at certified seagoing officers. The purpose of the survey was to investigate how this navigational aid preferably should be used in collision avoidance, in contrast to how it is used in reality.</p><p>AIS, Automatic Identification System, is an information sharing system to assist in safe navigation by transmitting the own vessels navigational data while, at the same time, receiving corresponding information from other ships. The system is also utilized by land based stations such as VTS-centers and coast guards.</p><p>The investigation shows that experts conclude AIS to be, in many aspects, a good and useful aid which <em>should</em> be used in collaboration with other equipment when assessing risk of collision. Furthermore, the survey show that the ARPA-system, in spite of some internal shortcomings, is awarded more trust than AIS and AIS vectors are therefore rarely used. The survey also shows that a large number of officers are open to deviating from the COLREGs while the experts, in general, advise against it.</p>

ENUM is the mapping of a telephone number from the PSTN to Internet services-telephone number in, URL out. It was developed as a solution to the question of how to find services on the Internet using only a telephone number. / Workshop "Netz- und Service-Infrastrukturen" ENUM = tElephone NUmber Mapping, definiert die Vorschrift, mit der eine klassische Telefonnummern auf eine Domain eindeutig abgebildet wird (dafür wird DNS genutzt). Das Ziel dabei ist, verschiedene Adressen, Nummern und URLs eines Benutzers unter einer einzigen Rufnummer verfügbar zu machen.

Poster exhibited at GPSC Student Showcase, February 24th, 2016, University of Arizona. / To make photovoltaics (PV) and concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) more practical forms of alternative energy, creative innovations to current solar energy methods must be employed. The PVMirror – a new technology – is our solution to that problem. The PVMirror combines PV and CSP technologies by splitting the spectrum of sunlight using a dichroic mirror film. Light that is not transmitted to the solar cell is to instead be reflected to a focus, by way of a curved mirror. This hybrid of technologies is competitive, as it is both efficient and affordable compared to many other innovations in renewable energy. The PVMirror is designed to be an easy and cost-effective replacement to the reflectors used in existing CSP plants. Ultimately, we hope to demonstrate this PVMirror technology on a large scale and market it. As validated from interviewing with industry professionals, this technology has the potential to impact the world of solar energy because many industrial companies and utility-scale CSP project developers are interested in pairing CSP and PV to increase efficiency. Currently, using an outdoor sun tracker, we are testing an 18 inch by 18 inch prototype with four solar cells.

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) - Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, 2008. / Kaynakça var.

Replication Protein A (RPA), the eukaryotic single-stranded DNA-binding complex, is essential for multiple processes in cellular DNA metabolism including, but not limited to, DNA replication, DNA repair and recombination. The `canonical' RPA is composed of three subunits (RPA1, RPA2, and RPA3). In addition to the three canonical subunits, there is a human homolog to the RPA2 subunit, termed RPA4, which can substitute for RPA2 in complex formation. The resulting RPA complex has been termed `alternative' RPA (aRPA). The normal function of aRPA is not known; however, previous studies have shown that it does not support S-phase progression in vivo. The goal of this thesis was to characterize the function of aRPA in DNA replication, DNA repair and recombination and profile its expression in human tissues. The studies presented in this thesis show that the aRPA complex has solution and DNA binding properties indistinguishable from the canonical RPA complex as determined by gel mobility shift assays. However, aRPA was unable to support DNA replication and inhibited canonical RPA function in a cell-free simian virus 40 system. aRPA inhibited both initiation and elongation of DNA synthesis in the SV40 system. Two regions of RPA4, the putative L34 loop and the C-terminal winged helix domain, were responsible for inhibiting SV40 DNA replication. The mechanism of SV40 DNA replication inhibition during initiation and elongation was characterized using assays for DNA polymerase α and DNA polymerase δ. aRPA was shown to have reduced interaction with DNA polymerase α and was not able to efficiently stimulate DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase α on aRPA coated single-stranded DNA. However, aRPA stimulated DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase δ in the presence of PCNA and RFC even though a reduced interaction was observed between aRPA and polymerase δ. The role of aRPA in DNA repair was also investigated. aRPA interacted with both Rad52 and Rad51 but had a reduced interaction with Rad51. However, aRPA was still able to stimulate Rad51-dependent strand exchange. aRPA also supported the dual incision/excision reaction of nucleotide excision repair. aRPA was less efficient in nucleotide excision repair than canonical RPA and this reduction was attributed to reduced interactions with the repair factor XPA. In contrast, aRPA exhibited higher affinity for damaged DNA than canonical RPA. The expression of RPA4 and RPA2 was determined by quantitative PCR in established cell lines, human normal tissues and human tumor tissue. RPA4 was shown to be expressed in all normal tissues examined but the level of expression was tissue specific. Additionally, RPA4 expression was decreased in all tumor tissues examined and was at the limit of detection in established cell lines. Taken together, the results presented in this thesis suggest that aRPA is a `non-proliferative' form of RPA that functions to maintain the genomic stability of non-dividing cells.

ENUM is the mapping of a telephone number from the PSTN to Internet services-telephone number in, URL out. It was developed as a solution to the question of how to find services on the Internet using only a telephone number. / Workshop "Netz- und Service-Infrastrukturen" ENUM = tElephone NUmber Mapping, definiert die Vorschrift, mit der eine klassische Telefonnummern auf eine Domain eindeutig abgebildet wird (dafür wird DNS genutzt). Das Ziel dabei ist, verschiedene Adressen, Nummern und URLs eines Benutzers unter einer einzigen Rufnummer verfügbar zu machen.

Den tekniska utvecklingen har gjort att nya möjligheter har tillkommit för att säkra framförandet av fartyg och effektivisera ruttplaneringen. Ett av de effektiviseringssäten som för närvarande utvecklas är ruttutbyte. Syftet med studien är att med hjälp av ett simulerat scenario samt frågeformulär belysa eventuella risker förknippade med ruttutbyte till sjöss. Studien speglar deltagarnas upplevelse av den kritiska situationen som simuleringen återger och visar även skillnaden i beslutsfattandet mellan erfarna och oerfarna navigatörer. Tidigare forskning betonar till stor del fördelar med taktiskt ruttutbyte men mindre angående nackdelar med systemet. Med hjälp frågeformulär insamlades deltagarnas erfarenheter och upplevelser angående taktiskt ruttutbyte. Enligt scenariot var det planerat att ett av fartygen i trafikflödet skulle avvika från sin planerade rutt. Ruttutbyte har simulerats genom att visa fartygsrutter i ECDIS. Resultatet av studien visar att det finns ett klart mönster mellan olika gruppers beslutsfattande och graden av pålitlighet till de i ECDIS visade rutterna för andra fartyg. Studien visar även att det finns en påtaglig risk för kollision om navigatörer följer ruttutbytet utan vidare kritisk granskning på grund av falsk trygghet. / The technical advances in the maritime sector have led to new possibilities to secure the safe passage of the vessels and improve the process of route planning. One example of such advances is route exchange. The purpose of this study was by means of simulation to pinpoint whether there are any probable risks connected with the tactical route exchange. This study reflected the experience of the participants of the critical situation portrayed in the simulation. It also takes in to account the difference of the decision-making between the different groups. These groups are composed of experienced navigators and unexperienced navigators. The study also describes the simulation from a fact-based standpoint. Earlier research describes mostly advantages of the tactical route exchange and in less degree the disadvantages of the tactical route exchange. The study has been composed by means of simulation at several occasions. With the help of questionnaires, a general picture has been compiled of the participants’ background, experience and the general opinion about the tactical route exchange. According to the prepared scenario there was one vessel which was intended to deviate from its intended route. The route exchange was projected in the ECDIS console. The result shows that there is a pattern between the different groups´ decision-making and the degree of reliability of the projected routes. The study also points out the obvious risk of collision dependent on the incompleteness of the system and weaknesses for the worst-case scenario which should be taken into account in the future upgrades of the system.

Naturally, maritime training simulators at all events are valuable instructional and pedagogical tools. Through the history, the maritime simulation was utilized to train prospective maritime apprentices in whom it has filled the gap left by the acute shortage of opportunities for jobs onboard vessels around the globe. However, professional seafarers are the axis of success and competitiveness in the field of maritime training. They are the ones that, who are well trained and have the responsibilities of their work and the surrounding environment. In order to achieve the success along with effective training skills, both maritime companies and seafarers should implement a management of safety onboard ships, which only can be executed through the effective usage of the Bridge Resource Management (BRM) and righteous maritime simulation training. Qualitative upgrading of the maritime training process at higher education levels depends predominantly on the instructive value of the instructors' educational software and the content of these programs which contains advanced and intelligent scenarios that benefit positively in providing effective training in order to, transfer and implement their gained skills from virtual reality to the actual environment with minimal risks and additionally to avoid the unforeseen occurrences at sea. The outcomes of the evaluation have shown the instructional suitability of the maritime educational scheme and significant capabilities, it provides, as well as the domains and frameworks for its instructional development. The above facts are substantial in the refinement and improvement of the current maritime education and growth of the apprentices' capabilities and the professionalism of their skills, along with the farthest purpose of creating more educated marine navigators in the worldwide merchant fleet. This research proposes and demonstrates in details the purpose of the maritime simulation training complexes, the elements that if provided, will lead to an effective maritime simulation training, types of maritime simulation, the International Maritime Organization (IMO), its tools and its power for the effectiveness of the maritime simulation training through different conventions & codes and the future for the maritime simulation training, in order to emphasize and accentuate the interplay between instructors and apprentices in an integrated maritime simulation complex on which a serious maritime event is taking place. The distillation of this thesis draws an attention to the effectiveness of the partnership between maritime apprentices and their instructors across a maritime simulation training complex scheme during a virtual maritime scenario event in an advanced facilities located in the state of Florida, which is armed with modern technology, provides both added stimulation for the apprentice himself and elevates the simulator a degree toward a vessel for practical training and/or sailing.