Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-05T13:42:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 uidemar_morais_barral.pdf: 1274629 bytes, checksum: d89bbca6115310a0b5ad8323167ba551 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-05T18:01:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 uidemar_morais_barral.pdf: 1274629 bytes, checksum: d89bbca6115310a0b5ad8323167ba551 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-05T18:01:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 uidemar_morais_barral.pdf: 1274629 bytes, checksum: d89bbca6115310a0b5ad8323167ba551 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / A mat?ria org?nica (MOS) do solo consiste de uma mistura de compostos em v?rios est?gios de decomposi??o, resultante da degrada??o biol?gica de res?duos de plantas e animais, e da atividade de microrganismos, denominados subst?ncias h?micas (SHs). Essas subst?ncias fracionadas em ?cidos f?lvicos (AF), ?cidos h?micos (AH) e humina (H), de acordo com sua solubilidade em meio ?cido ou b?sico. Os AH t?m sido usados como fertilizantes aplicados diretamente no solo ou via foliar, principalmente por influenciarem o metabolismo das plantas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a influ?ncia de fontes e doses diferentes de AH, na produ??o, crescimento radicular e absor??o de nutrientes e biodisponibilidade de nutrientes no solo. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados com 15 tratamentos, sendo estes as fontes de AH (turfa - 1, composto - 2 e produto comercial - 3) e as doses de AH (0, 2, 8, 16 e 32 kg ha-1), com quatro repeti??es. Foram avaliadas: altura das plantas (cm), di?metro do caule (cm), teor de clorofila (?g cm-2) e teor de macro e micronutrientes nas folhas no florescimento do feijoeiro e ao fim do experimento, peso de sementes (g), massa seca da parte a?rea e de ra?zes (g), n?mero de vagem por planta e de sementes por vagem e no solo: pH em ?gua e teores de mat?ria org?nica, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al e H+Al. A aplica??o de AH reduziu o crescimento e produ??o de gr?o, com aumento das doses em cada fonte, seguindo a ordem fonte 3 > fonte 1 > fonte 2. Os teores de P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn nas folhas foram influenciados pelas doses de todas as fontes de AH. Houve redu??o para maioria dos nutrientes quantificados nas folhas com aumento das doses de AH. Os teores de P e K se elevaram no solo, com a aplica??o de AH. Para condi??es testadas, n?o se recomenda utiliza??o de AH para cultura do feijoeiro. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT The soil organic matter (SOM) consists of a mixture of compounds in many decomposition stages, the result of biological degradation of residues of plants and animals, and microorganisms activity, called humic substances (HS). These substances are fractionated into fulvic acids (FA), humic acids (HA) and humin (H), according to their solubility in acidic or basic medium. HA have been used as fertilizers directly applied to the soil or via foliar, mainly because they influence plants metabolism. The main goal of this study was evaluating, in bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the influence of sources and different doses of HA in production, root growth, nutrients absorption and bioavailability of nutrients in the soil. The experiment was conducted using randomized block design with 15 treatments, which are the sources of HA (peat ? 1, compound ? 2 and commercial product ? 3) and doses of HA (0, 2, 8, 16 e 32 kg ha-1), with four repetitions. Evaluations were made on: plants height (cm), stem diameter (cm), chlorophyll content (?g cm-2) and content of macro and micronutrients in the leaves in the flowering stages and in the end of the experiment, seeds weight (g), dry matter of the aerial part and roots (g), number of pods per plant and seeds per pod, and in the soil: pH in water and contents of organic matter, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al and H+Al. Application of HA reduced bean growth and production, with increase of doses in each source, following order: source 3 > source 1 > source 2. Contents of P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in the leaves were influenced by the doses of all HA sources. Most of the nutrients quantified in the leaves were reduced with increasing HA doses. Contents of P and K were increased in the soil with application of HA. For tested conditions, the use of HA for bean culture is not recommended.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Rubens Nei Briacon Busquet.pdf: 998513 bytes, checksum: 2e2a50b0c0141ff91d47dae53e3ba216 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-28 / This work had the objective of to analyze the development pattern and the nutrient accumulation of four genotypes of banana, with micropropagated plantlets, in the conditions of the State of Rio de Janeiro. An experiment was driven in the Department of Fitotecnia of UFRRJ, in Planossolo, in a randomized blocks design with four treatments and four repetitions of 45 plants for plot, in the spacing of 3x2 m. Four genotypes of the banana were evaluated: Thap Maeo (AAB), FHIA-18 (AAAB), SH3640 (AAAB) and Prata An? (AAB). Only the mother plant was driven per hole, being eliminated the whole sucker. In the first stage, leaves of the four genotypes were sampled eight weeks after transplant (WAT), to determine the correction factor to estimate the leaf area from the length and width of foliar limbo. The angular coefficients of the regression revealed that there are significant differences among genotypes, indicating that in the determination of the leaf area of banana tree by ruler, the factor of correction of 0.79 should be used for cultivar SH 3640, FHIA 18 and Thap Maeo, and 0.83 for Prata An?. The second stage, the temperature and the precipitation arise as the climate factors more related to the rate of leaf emission of the four genotypes.. The genotype Thap Maeo presented larger vegetative cycle (366 days) and total (468 days) and larger plant height (3.0 m) that the other genotypes. The genotypes didn't present differences in the reproductive cycle and in the diameter of plants. The genotype Fhia 18 presented the largest total mass of fruits for plant. The genotype Thap Maeo presented larger medium number of bunches for bunch, the largest of number of fruits for bunch, the largest relationship pulp-peel, however the smallest fruit size. The genotype SH 3640, although presented fruits of greatest weight and size, presented the smallest number of fruits for bunch and the pulp-peel ratio. In the third stage, to quantify the time variation of plant biomass and nutrient accumulation, one plant was sampled per plot on 8 harvests spaced 8 weeks, when the leaf area measured, and the mass and concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg measured in each plant portion. The growth rates and of nutrient accumulation were measured through the functional plant growth analysis. The mass of rhizomes and stems increased up to 48 WAT and stabilized at 56 WAT. The leaf area, and the mass of active leaves and petioles increased up to 40 WAT and stabilizing in the last three harvests. The net assimilation rate increased between 8 and 24 WAT, and declined mainly after 32 SAT. The rates of nutrient accumulation presented the same pattern regarding with the time of maximal accumulation, varying from 30 to 33 WAT. From the total of nutrients accumulated by the banana plant, the bunch exported after fruit harvest 50% of N, 38% of P, 60% of K, 11% of Ca and 14% of Mg. The total amount of nutrient accumulated, in kg per ha, was 54.5 of N, 14.4 of P, 131.5 of K, 62,5 of Ca and 53 of Mg. . / Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o padr?o de crescimento e acumula??o de nutrientes e o comportamento fenol?gico de quatro gen?tipos de bananeiras (Musa spp.), com mudas produzidas por micro-propaga??o, nas condi??es do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foi conduzido um experimento no Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFRRJ, em Planossolo, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos e quatro repeti??es de 45 plantas por parcela, no espa?amento de 3x2 m. Foram avaliados quatro cultivares de banana: Thap Maeo (AAB), FHIA-18 (AAAB), SH3640 (AAAB) e Prata An? (AAB). Foi conduzida apenas a planta m?e por touceira, eliminando-se a brota??o lateral. Na primeira etapa foi feita a coleta de folhas, com o objetivo de determinar o fator de corre??o para estimar a ?rea foliar a partir do comprimento e largura de limbo foliar. Houve diferen?as significativas entre gen?tipos, indicando que deve-se usar o fator de corre??o de 0,79 para a as cultivares SH3640, FHIA 18 e Thap Maeo, e 0,83 para Prata An?. A segunda etapa teve como objetivo verificar a taxa de lan?amento de folhas de quatro gen?tipos de bananeiras e correlacion?-la com as condi??es clim?ticas e estudar o comportamento fenol?gico dos quatro gen?tipos. A temperatura e a precipita??o apresentaram-se como os fatores de clima mais relacionados ? taxa de emiss?o de folhas pelos quatro gen?tipos. Os gen?tipos apresentaram comportamento diferenciado quanto ? taxa de lan?amento de folhas nos per?odos 8, 32 e 64 SAT, quando o gen?tipo Prata An? apresentou o maior n?mero de folhas lan?adas. O gen?tipo Thap Maeo apresentou maior ciclo vegetativo (366 dias) e total (468 dias) e maior altura de planta que os demais gen?tipos. O gen?tipo Fhia 18 apresentou a maior massa total de frutos por planta. O gen?tipo Thap Maeo apresentou maior n?mero m?dio de pencas e frutos por cacho, a maior rela??o polpa-casca, por?m o menor tamanho de fruto. O gen?tipo Prata An? apresentou o valor mais elevado de s?lidos sol?veis totais. O gen?tipo SH 3640, apresentou o pior desempenho. Na terceira etapa, para quantificar a varia??o temporal de biomassa vegetal e de acumula??o de nutrientes, foram efetuadas 8 coletas espa?adas 8 semanas, quando foi coletada uma planta por parcela, separada em rizoma, limbo foliar, bainha das folhas, pec?olo, enga?o, flores, br?cteas e frutos, e determinando-se a ?rea foliar. No material vegetal obtido em cada coleta foram determinados os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg. As taxas de crescimento e de acumula??o de nutrientes foram mensuradas atrav?s do m?todo funcional de an?lise de crescimento vegetal. A massa seca do rizoma e do pseudocaule aumentou significativamente at? 48 SAT, se estabilizando aos 56 SAT. A ?rea foliar, e a massa das folhas ativas e dos pec?olos aumentaram at? 40 SAT, se estabilizando nas tr?s ?ltimas coletas.A ?rea foliar espec?fica reduziu-se ao longo das coletas em todos os gen?tipos, sendo que Fhia 18 apresentou os menores valores e Thap Maeo os maiores valores de ?rea foliar espec?fica. A taxa de assimila??o l?quida aumentou entre 8 SAT e 24 SAT, quando decaiu principalmente a partir de 32 SAT. As taxas de acumula??o absoluta de N, P, K, Ca e Mg apresentaram-se similares quanto a ?poca de m?xima acumula??o, variando de 30 a 33 SAT.. Ap?s a colheita, do total de nutrientes imobilizados pela bananeira, foram exportados para o cacho 50% do N, 38% do P, 60% do K, 11% do Ca e 14% do Mg. O total de nutrientes acumulado, em kg por ha, foi 54,5 de N, 14,4 de P, 131,5 de K, 62,5 de Ca e 53 de Mg.