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Thèses (M.A.)--Université de Sherbrooke (Canada), 2001. / Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 20 juin 2006). Publié aussi en version papier.

... In my contribution I will tell in short the long story how Austria approached the European Union (EU). For other EU applicants this may not serve as a model blueprint, but it shows the particular problems a country has to tackle with when engaging to become a member of Europe's mightiest economic powers. Austria's roads to Europe were by no means straight. In contrast, we made many roundabouts and sidesteps. This, however, is not a problem unique to Austria. The double-trackedness of European integration in the sixties (EC versus EFTA integration) has caused enormous frictions and ineffiencies which resulted in a sub-optimal growth process in Europe and unused welfare potentials. In the case of Austria one can demonstrate that the splitting of integration in Europe was not very helpful for Austria's economic development. (excerpt) / Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut

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Since the 1960s, the Petersburg Area Art League (PAAL) has obtained works of art for its permanent collection through purchases, private donations, and through the local art show, the Poplar Lawn Art Festival, later known as Artfest. Recently, however, the organization has decided to become a non-collecting institution in order to focus on its mission to promote the arts in Petersburg through gallery shows for local artists and educational programs. While PAAL’s staff members share a love of art and a dedication to the local community, they have not been trained in professional standards for handling museum collections as outlined by the American Association of Museums (AAM). Consequently, the PAAL collection had not been adequately documented or stored in a manner that protected the works from potential damage or degradation. This museums project was designed to help the Petersburg Area Art League meet AAM standards. During the summer of 2010, the collection of 150 artworks was accessioned; its storage facility was reorganized; a database was created; and a collections management policy that would ensure the continued care of the collection after the completion of this project was written and approved. This paper describes challenges encountered and resolved during the two-month project and provides a reference for those who wish to take on similar projects in the future.

All policies, initiatives and ideas of accession countries are directed towards the European Union. With the safe development and enlargement, European Union is the world's center of peace and stability. For Montenegro, as a small open economy in the Western Balkans, which tends to become part of a unique political, economic and cultural market, entrance into the EU is a strategic goal from independence gained in 2006. Within the framework of the process of European integration, Montenegro unifies all resources that are still significantly underdeveloped thus creating better options for their absorption and further development. In accordance with the previous, the key issues that are analyzed in this paper are the following: In what way and at what "speed" is Montenegro working on the process of EU integration? With what kind of problems and challenges Montenegro is facing? What methods in the context of European integration Montenegro is using? To what extent are the solutions optimal and relevant for Montenegro? Key words: integration, candidate, negotiation, accession, Montenegro, European Union

All policies, initiatives and ideas of accession countries are directed towards the European Union. With the safe development and enlargement, European Union is the world's center of peace and stability. For Montenegro, as a small open economy in the Western Balkans, which tends to become part of a unique political, economic and cultural market, entrance into the EU is a strategic goal from independence gained in 2006. Within the framework of the process of European integration, Montenegro unifies all resources that are still significantly underdeveloped thus creating better options for their absorption and further development. In accordance with the previous, the key issues that are analyzed in this paper are the following: In what way and at what "speed" is Montenegro working on the process of EU integration? With what kind of problems and challenges Montenegro is facing? What methods in the context of European integration Montenegro is using? To what extent are the solutions optimal and relevant for Montenegro? Key words: integration, candidate, negotiation, accession, Montenegro, European Union

The diploma thesis studies the short-term impact of Croatian accession to the EU on its agricultural sector. This is done by discussing current literature in the field, studying Croatian accession process, analysing Croatian economic indicators and agricultural sector, utilizing Slovenian experience with accession, and using econometric analysis. Both the empirical evidence and results of model estimation show that Croatia is better off after the accession with regard to the agricultural trade. Early post-accession data show no evidence of serious adverse effects on employment or volume of trade. There is much stronger agricultural export decrease to the CEFTA countries in 2013 than to the EU countries, shifting the ratio of export in favour of the EU. A significant increase of imports from the EU is registered after the accession but imports from the CEFTA countries remain unchanged. The results show that the EU accession has positive impact on Croatian agricultural trade.

Viciée d’incohérences, la théorie de l’accessoire en droit privé mérite d’être repensée. De fait, la recherche des mécanismes à l’œuvre derrière cette théorie permet d’établir deux constats : en premier lieu, l’inopportunité de recourir à la théorie de l’accessoire pour fonder le mécanisme de l’accession ainsi que la dépendance substantielle des sûretés accessoires, quant à leur étendue et quant à leurs modalités, envers la créance qu’elles garantissent ; en second lieu, l’utilisation de la notion de fonction, latente en droit positif, sur laquelle repose la théorie de l’accessoire. Définie comme la contribution à l’accomplissement d’une finalité, la notion de fonction permet, notamment, en matière de contrat ou de clause contractuelle, de traduire l’intérêt économique de l’élément envisagé. Or, il apparaît nécessaire de recourir à cette notion de fonction pour fonder un renouvellement de la théorie de l’accessoire. En effet, d’une part, un raisonnement fondé sur la notion de fonction peut être substitué à la théorie de l’accessoire dans le rôle normatif qu’endosse celle-ci, c’est-à-dire pour justifier la dépendance existentielle de l’accessoire envers le principal : l’accessoire doit s’éteindre ou survivre à la disparition du principal, selon que sa fonction disparaît ou demeure. La notion de fonction permet, d’autre part, de renforcer le seul rôle de la théorie de l’accessoire qui devrait être maintenu en droit positif : son rôle conservatoire. Celui-ci consiste à conserver le lien d’accessoriété, afin que l’accessoire continue de remplir sa fonction auprès du principal. Cela se traduira notamment par une transmission simultanée de l’accessoire et du principal ou, en certains cas, par un dédoublement de la titularité ou de la propriété de l’accessoire. En définitive, le renouvellement de la théorie de l’accessoire devrait passer par une redéfinition des critères de l’accessoriété permettant, notamment, d’inclure dans le champ de la notion d’accessoire les dettes qu’il paraît souhaitable de voir circuler avec la propriété d’un bien. / The accessoire theory is used in French private law in an inconsistent way, due to its multiple applications. Therefore, it was necessary to study this theory and try to give it back some consistency so that it could be used predictably. In order to do that, we tried to identify the rules that are hiding behind the accessoire theory. We came to the conclusion that this theory should not be used to explain the mechanism of accession nor the dependence of the accessoire to the principal, especially in security law. We also brought to light the latent existence of a notion which is able to explain the accessoire theory in most of its applications, that is, the notion of function. This notion, which would allow judges to introduce the economic analysis into their reasoning, designates how a contract or a clause or an obligation contributes to achieve a certain economic result. If it was implemented in positive law, this notion of function could replace the accessoire theory in its normative role, which is to make the accessoire disappear along with the principal. The accessoire theory could then be confined to its preservative role, which is to maintain the link between the accessoire and the principal, in other words, to allow the accessoire to fulfil its function beside the principal. It appears thus that the accessoire theory can be renewed in a consistent way thanks to the notion of function. While carrying out such a renewal, we suggested to include personal burdens into the scope of the notion of accessoire, so that burdens responding to certain criteria can be transferred along, as accessories, with a property, as principal.

Thèse de doctorat : Géographie : Lyon 2 : 2000. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.