A mixed-use development focusing on dance activities with supporting educational and retail facilities. The creation of a new urban citizenship drives the process of urban regeneration in the inner city. The development is situated in the Newtown cultural precinct. The performance arts is used as a tool for urban regeneration. The process of regeneration begins at community citizen level. The city gives citizens hope for a better future. This dynamic force shapes the city. / Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Architecture / unrestricted

A thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree doctor of philosophy. / Fungal populations occupy a vast number of ecological niches across many geographic areas around the planet. Fungi act as essential nutrient recyclers, playing key roles as saprophytes, mutualists, and pathogens. As humans, we use these broad properties of fungi in biochemical and pharmaceutical industries, creating a plethora of products ranging from antimicrobials to food products. However, certain fungal species have become a devastating burden on human public health. Of these fungal species, my PhD thesis has focused on the critically important mold Aspergillus fumigatus. This mold is an opportunistic human pathogen, being the leading etiological cause of the spectrum of diseases termed aspergillosis that yearly affects over 8,000,000 people worldwide. In addition, the rising number of antifungal resistant strains around the world, especially within environmental populations, is of critical concern. Given that almost all aspergillosis infections result from environmental strains, and that soil is a major ecological niche for A. fumigatus, my thesis focused on characterizing genetic and phenotypic aspects of soil isolates of A. fumigatus obtained from many geographic and climatic regions around the world. My analyses revealed extensive allelic and genotypic diversity within and among populations. These A. fumigatus populations were defined by both historical differentiations, high gene flow, non-random recombination, and high susceptibility to triazole antifungals. Additionally, I tested the sexual fecundity of a subset of these global strains and found that geographic and genetic distance between the pairs of parental strains had little effect on sexual fecundity. Lastly, my research found broad variations in growth of a global sample of A. fumigatus strains at different temperatures. Again, no relationship of either geographic or genetic distance on strain growth was observed. Overall, my research highlights the extraordinary nature of A. fumigatus populations to quickly spread and adapt across diverse and complex environments. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Aspergillus fumigatus is a cosmopolitan mold that causes opportunistic infections in humans termed aspergillosis. To better understand the environmental reservoirs of aspergillosis infection, I investigated soil populations of this fungus, as soil is likely the largest reservoir of A. fumigatus. I isolated A. fumigatus strains from 11 countries across 6 continents and genetically compared these soil populations to each other and to clinical A. fumigatus populations. I found extensive genetic diversity within most local soil populations, along with different relationships among geographic populations. When a sample of these global strains were sexually crossed, I uncovered high variation in their sexual fecundity, which lowered at higher geographic distances. Lastly, strains exhibited high variations in growth at different temperatures regardless of climatic, genetic, and geographic factors from where they were isolated. My thesis highlights the extraordinary phenotypic variations and complex population structure of A. fumigatus populations isolated from soil across the globe.

Information på webben konsumeras idag via en mängd heterogena enheter. Faktorer som nätverksunderlag och skärmupplösning påverkar vilken bild som är lämplig att leverera till klienten, då en bild i sitt originaltillstånd på en tekniskt begränsad enhet tar lång tid att hämta samt kräver en stor datamängd. Eftersom surfandet på mobila enheter via mobila nätverk förväntas att öka är en lösning för adaptiv bildladdning relevant. Syftet är att undersöka huruvida en webbtjänst, bestående av en klient och en server, kan avgöra bäst lämpad bildkvalitet att leverera till klienten, baserat på dennes aktuella nätverksprestanda och skärmupplösning. En enhet med lägre skärmupplösning och ett långsammare nätverk berättigar en bild i sämre kvalitet och lägre bildupplösning. Därmed förkortas hämtnings- tiden och datamängden reduceras, vilket bidrar till en förbättrad användarupplevelse.Uppsatsen presenterar och utvärderar flera lösningar för adaptiv bildladdning. Lös- ningarna baseras på två parametrar: bredden på klientens webbläsarfönster samt svarstid mellan klient och server, med hjälp av javascript. Dessa parametrar står till grund för den skalning av storlek och kvalitet som sedan appliceras på bilden. Bilden tillhandahålls klien- ten genom någon av de två leveransmetoderna fördefinierade bilder, där flera olika versioner av bilden lagras på servern, och dynamiska bilder, där bilderna i realtid renderas på servern genom gd-biblioteket i php utifrån på originalbilden. Tre typer av adaptiv bildladdning – kvalitetsadaption, storleksadaption och en kombination av de båda, undersöks med av- seende på tidsåtgång och levererad datamängd. Dessa utvärderas sedan i förhållande till basfallet bestående av originalbilderna.Att använda någon typ av adaptionsmetod är i 14 av 15 fall bättre än att enbart leverera originalbilder. Bäst resultat ger kombinerad adaption på enheter med mindre skärmupp- lösning och långsammare nätverk men är även gynnsamt för enheter med medelsnabba nätverk och enheter med stöd för högre skärmupplösning. Både fördefinierad och dyna- misk leveransmetod ger bra resultat men då den dynamiska leveransmetodens skalbarhet med flera parallella anslutningar inte är känd rekommenderas fördefinierade bilder. / Today, information on the web is consumed via a variety of heterogeneous devices. Factors, such as network connection and screen resolution, affects which image that is the most suitable to deliver to the client. An image in its original condition, in a technically limited device, takes a long time to download and requires a large amount of data. Since the number of devices browsing the internet via mobile networks are expected to increase, a solution for adaptive image loading is needed. The aim of this thesis is to explore whether a web service, consisting of a client and a server, can determine the best suited image that should be delivered to the client. This is based on the client’s current network connection and screen resolution. A device with a lower screen resolution and a slower network connection requires an image of lower quality and lower resolution. Thus, the download time can be shortened and the data volume reduced, contributing to improved user experience.Our adaptive solution is based on two measurements – the width of the client’s browser window and the latency between the client and the server – using javascript. These para- meters are the basis for the scaling of the size and quality which applies to the image. The image is provided to the client by one of the two delivery methods: “predefined images”, where several different versions of the image are stored on the server, and “dynamic images”, where the images are rendered on the server by the gd library in php, based on the original image. Three types of adaptive image loading – quality adaptation, size adaptation and a combination of both, are investigated considering delivery time and the amount of data delivered. These are then evaluated in relation to the base case consisting of the original images.Using some type of adaptation method is in 14 out of 15 cases better than simply delivering the original images. The best results are given by the combined adaption method on devices with smaller screen resolutions and slower network connections, but is also beneficial for devices with medium speed connections and devices that support higher screen resolutions. Both predefined and dynamic delivery methods shows good results, but since the dynamic delivery method’s scalability with multiple concurrent clients is not known, it is recommended to use predefined images.

Master's Thesis deals with the complete proposal of light adaptability A/D converter. In the second chapter there are describes types of sensors. Third one describes the most used methods of light adaptability. In the fourth chapter there is describe the adaptability A/D conversion. Chapter 5 describes the block diagram. In the sixth chapter there is the design of all blocks of A/D converter. Finally in the chapter 7 there are construction documents for realization.

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