The effect of ambient humidity and adsorbed water can be of critical importance in the processing of fine powders in air. Adsorbed water layers can influence the adhesive properties of the powder and may lead to difficulties in processing and handling. It has been shown, in the current work, that in ambient conditions the interaction between two solid surfaces is dominated by the force arising from the presence of adsorbed water layers. In the current work an atomic force microscopy technique has been developed to determine the separation distance at which two solid surfaces, i.e. the AFM cantilever tip and the sample surface, 'jump' into contact. From the separation distance the thickness of the adsorbed water layers on the cantilever tip and sample surface can be determined based on an analytical method originally developed by Forcada (1993), which considers the interacting forces which cause the 'jump' to contact. The adsorbed layer thickness, as a function of relative humidity, has been determined for silicon wafer, using the AFM technique. This localized adsorption isotherm has been compared with those published by other investigators, who have used different measurement techniques on large sample areas. The adsorption isotherm determined using the AFM technique reports adsorbed layer thicknesses that are significantly larger than those measured by other investigators. Adsorption isotherms have been determined, using the AFM technique, for three forms of a-lactose monohydrate, which is widely used throughout the pharmaceutical industry. It was observed that each form of lactose gave a different level of water adsorption. Laboratory grown crystals exhibited the greatest levels of moisture adsorption, while commercially produced milled a-lactose displayed lower levels of water adsorption. Differences in surface roughness may possibly explain the variation. For rough samples the probe tip makes contact with surface asperities and therefore does not detect the presence of condensed water in the surface valleys. It is also possible that surface contamination and process history may have influenced the levels of water adsorption but these are complex effects to quantify. Water adsorption isotherms were measured on bulk samples of classified lactose, to attempt to validate the AFM technique, developed in the current study. It can be observed that the adsorbed layer thicknesses determined using AFM are significantly larger than those inferred from bulk measurements. The AEM method provides layer thickness values which are approximately four times larger than what are believed to be the true values. This is seen for tests on silicon, aluminium and lactose surfaces. This discrepancy is thought to arise from the presence of the probe tip on the surface causing a local spatial inhomogeneity. The associated increase in surface potential will promote nucleation of water molecules, leading ultimately to capillary condensation.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used to study material properties and domain heterogeneity of polymers. In both quasi-static force spectroscopy and dynamic AFM, challenging complexities such as the presence of different effective tip-surface forces, surface dynamics, and material viscoelasticity can occur on polymer samples. Many models that attempt to link experimental observables to contact mechanics fail to rigorously account for these complexities. This may lead to inaccurate and unreliable predictions, especially when examining soft polymers. Therefore, having access to rigorous models that can facilitate the understanding of the underlying phenomena during tip-surface interaction, explain the observations, and make reliable and accurate predictions, is of great interest. Among the previously developed models, Attard et al. proposed a novel non-Hertzian-based model that has a versatile ability to systematically incorporate different linear viscoelasticity constitutive models and surface adhesive forces. However, the implementation of Attard’s model into the AFM framework is challenging.<div><br></div><div>In a series of studies, we improve the computational speed and stability of Attard’s viscoelastic contact model and embed it into an AFM framework by proposing algorithms for three AFM operational modes: tapping mode, bimodal, and peak force tapping. For each mode, the results are successfully verified/validated against other reliable AFM codes, FEM simulations, and experiments. The algorithms’ predictions illustrate how viscoelasticity and surface adhesive hysteresis of polymeric samples is reflected in AFM observables. However, since Attard’s model does not lead to a closed-form solution for tip-surface interaction force, using that to quantify the surface mechanical properties based on the AFM observables is not straightforward. Therefore, we utilize the data analytics-based approaches such as linear regression and machine learning algorithms to enable the material viscoelasticity and adhesive parameters estimation based on the provided instrument observables.<br></div><div><br></div><div>The set of results reported in this thesis improves the current knowledge about complex phenomena that occur during tip-surface interactions, especially on soft-viscoelastic-adhesive polymers. The introduced “improved Attard’s model” fulfills the need for a continuum mechanics viscoelasticity contact model that rigorously captures the complexities of such samples. The viscoelasticity contact model and the proposed inverse solution algorithms in this thesis facilitate quantitative measurement and discrimination of the surface adhesive and viscoelastic properties based on the acquired nanoscale AFM maps of polymeric samples.<br></div>

Trinta novos membros de Tc85 (superfamília das gp85/trans-sialidases) foram clonados e seqüenciados (30-90% identidade), mostrando um intenso polimorfismo entre os genes e levantando a hipótese de que a família possui propriedades multi-adesivas, que garantem ao Trypanosoma cruzi sucesso na invasão. Para verificar os distintos padrões de interação de diferentes membros de Tc85, duas proteínas recombinantes, Tc85-12r e Tc85-45r, foram testadas frente à matriz extracelular (MEC) e células LLC-MK2. As duas proteínas ligam-se dose-dependentemente à MEC imobilizada e apresentam ligação em laminina e fibronectina. Também foi observado um ligante de 60kDa, não identificado, de ambas Tc85 na MEC. Ensaios de ligação destas proteínas à células LLC-MK2 mostram que Tc85-45r têm ligação maior que Tc85-12r. Se a ligação é inibida com o tripeptídeo RGD, (presente somente na seqüência de Tc85-45r) observamos uma redução de 98% na adesão de Tc85-45r em LLC-MK2 contra 60% em Tc85-12r. No ensaio de invasão de tripomastigotas em LLC-MK2, RGD exógeno e Tc85-45r foram as que mais contribuiram para a inibição da invasão, mostrando a importância de RGD. Os resultados ressaltam as diferenças em motivos de adesão putativos e a capacidade de ligação de proteínas recombinantes tanto em célula hospedeira quanto em MEC, que podem ser importantes para o parasita durante a colonização do hospedeiro. / Thirty new members of Tc85 (gp85/transialidases supergene family) were cloned and sequenced (30-90% of identity), showing an intense polimorfism between the genes and raising the hypothesis that the family has multi-adhesive properties that assures the success of the invasion process of Trypanosoma cruzi. Two recombinants proteins, Tc85-12r and Tc85-45r, were assayed in order to verify the distinctive patterns of interaction between different members of Tc85 and extra cellular matrix (ECM) or LLC-MK2 cells. Both proteins exhibit a dose-dependent binding to immobilized ECM, laminin and fibronectin. We also noticed an unidentified 60 kDa ligand in the ECM that can bind to both Tc85. Binding assays of both proteins to LLC-MK2 cells show that Tc85-45r exhibit a higher number of bound cells at the saturation point than Tc85-12r. If the binding is inhibited with the RGD tripeptide (present just in Tc85-45r sequence), there is a 98% reduction of LLC-MK2 cells adhesion to Tc85-45r against a 60% reduction of adhesion to Tc85-12r. The tripomastigotes invasion to LLC-MK2 assay showed that both exogenous RGD and Tc85-45r were the most efficient inhibitors in the process thus confirming the importance of RGD. The results point out the difference between putative adhesion motifs and the recombinants proteins binding capacity to host cells and ECM, two characteristics that might be important to the parasite during the host colonization.

Trinta novos membros de Tc85 (superfamília das gp85/trans-sialidases) foram clonados e seqüenciados (30-90% identidade), mostrando um intenso polimorfismo entre os genes e levantando a hipótese de que a família possui propriedades multi-adesivas, que garantem ao Trypanosoma cruzi sucesso na invasão. Para verificar os distintos padrões de interação de diferentes membros de Tc85, duas proteínas recombinantes, Tc85-12r e Tc85-45r, foram testadas frente à matriz extracelular (MEC) e células LLC-MK2. As duas proteínas ligam-se dose-dependentemente à MEC imobilizada e apresentam ligação em laminina e fibronectina. Também foi observado um ligante de 60kDa, não identificado, de ambas Tc85 na MEC. Ensaios de ligação destas proteínas à células LLC-MK2 mostram que Tc85-45r têm ligação maior que Tc85-12r. Se a ligação é inibida com o tripeptídeo RGD, (presente somente na seqüência de Tc85-45r) observamos uma redução de 98% na adesão de Tc85-45r em LLC-MK2 contra 60% em Tc85-12r. No ensaio de invasão de tripomastigotas em LLC-MK2, RGD exógeno e Tc85-45r foram as que mais contribuiram para a inibição da invasão, mostrando a importância de RGD. Os resultados ressaltam as diferenças em motivos de adesão putativos e a capacidade de ligação de proteínas recombinantes tanto em célula hospedeira quanto em MEC, que podem ser importantes para o parasita durante a colonização do hospedeiro. / Thirty new members of Tc85 (gp85/transialidases supergene family) were cloned and sequenced (30-90% of identity), showing an intense polimorfism between the genes and raising the hypothesis that the family has multi-adhesive properties that assures the success of the invasion process of Trypanosoma cruzi. Two recombinants proteins, Tc85-12r and Tc85-45r, were assayed in order to verify the distinctive patterns of interaction between different members of Tc85 and extra cellular matrix (ECM) or LLC-MK2 cells. Both proteins exhibit a dose-dependent binding to immobilized ECM, laminin and fibronectin. We also noticed an unidentified 60 kDa ligand in the ECM that can bind to both Tc85. Binding assays of both proteins to LLC-MK2 cells show that Tc85-45r exhibit a higher number of bound cells at the saturation point than Tc85-12r. If the binding is inhibited with the RGD tripeptide (present just in Tc85-45r sequence), there is a 98% reduction of LLC-MK2 cells adhesion to Tc85-45r against a 60% reduction of adhesion to Tc85-12r. The tripomastigotes invasion to LLC-MK2 assay showed that both exogenous RGD and Tc85-45r were the most efficient inhibitors in the process thus confirming the importance of RGD. The results point out the difference between putative adhesion motifs and the recombinants proteins binding capacity to host cells and ECM, two characteristics that might be important to the parasite during the host colonization.

Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2018-07-31T13:38:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) MARÍA LUJÁN MÉNDEZ BAUER.pdf: 12902846 bytes, checksum: 801f717d7497117a7c090a250c895f0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T13:38:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) MARÍA LUJÁN MÉNDEZ BAUER.pdf: 12902846 bytes, checksum: 801f717d7497117a7c090a250c895f0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / Este estudo avaliou in vitro as propriedades antimicrobianas, mecânicas e adesivas de cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIVs) que podem ser utilizados no Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático. Os CIVs Ketac-Molar, Ion-Z, Vitro-Molar e Fuji-IX foram submetidos aos testes de difusão em ágar (DA), aderência bacteriana (AB), abrasão (Ab), erosão (Er), sorção e solubilidade (SO-SB), expansão hidroscópica (EH), resistência flexural (RF), microinfiltração (MI) e microcisalhamento (MS). Para DA foram feitos 4 poços em placas petri com S. mutans e foram preenchidos com os CIVs. A zona de inibição foi medida. Para AB cinco corpos de prova (CP) de cada CIV foram inoculados em caldo BHI com S. mutans. Depois os CP foram lavados em PBS para fazer duas diluições que foram semeadas em placas petri para contagem das UFC/ml. Para Ab, 40 CP foram submetidos aos ciclos de escovação simulada, avaliando-se massa, rugosidade e dureza. Para Er, 80 CP foram analisados quanto à rugosidade, massa e microdureza, após ciclo erosivo com três bebidas ácidas. Para SO-SB 40 CP tiveram suas massas avaliadas durante 56 dias. Para EH, 40 cilindros de vidro foram preenchidos com os CIVs e avaliados por 4 semanas. Para RF cada CIV foi testado em três pontos no ensaio de flexão. Para MI, 80 dentes foram restaurados e submetidos a termociclagem para avaliação de microinfiltração em superfície oclusal e cervical. Para MS 80 dentes foram restaurados com cilindros feitos dos CIVs e avaliados numa máquina universal de ensaios. Os dados foram analisados com o teste de Tukey (p ≥ 0.05). Nos resultados do teste DA, Ion-Z mostrou a maior atividade antimicrobiana nos tempos avaliados. Em AB, Fuji-IX apresentou a maior aderência. Em Ab os CIVs não apresentaram diferenças significativas na massa e microdurezaapós escovação; em rugosidade, o Ion-Z foi afetado pela escovação. Em Er, os CIVs não foram afetados pelas bebidas ácidas quanto à massa, no entanto, os valores de microdureza e rugosidade sofreram alterações. Em SO-SB, Ion-Z teve os maiores valores. Em EH, Vitro-Molar e Ion-Z apresentaram expansão hidroscópica. Em RF, Fuji-IX teve o maior valor, sem diferença significativa com Ketac-Molar e Ion-Z. Em MI, Fuji-IX teve menos infiltração em permanentes e em decíduos e os outros CIVs não tiveram diferenças significativas. Em MS, Ketac-Molar, Ion-Z e Fuji-IX apresentaram os melhores valores sem diferenças significantes; as fraturas adesivas foram as de maior ocorrência. O estudo concluiu que Ketac-Molar, Fuji-IX e Ion-Z apresentaram resultados similares. O Ion-Z é mais uma opção para restaurações ART, no entanto, estudos in vivo devem ser realizados. / This study evaluated in vitro the antimicrobial, mechanical and adhesive properties of glass ionomer cements used in the Atraumatic Restoration Treatment. The glass ionomer cements (GIC) Ketac-Molar, Ion-Z, Vitro-Molar and Fuji-IX were evaluated in agar diffusion test (AD), bacterial adhesion (BA), abrasion (Ab), erosion (Er), water sorption and solubility (WS-SB), hygroscopic expansion (HE), flexural strength (FS), microleakage (ML), and micro-shear (MS). For AD 4 wells were filled with the GICs in petri dishes with S. mutans. The zone of inhibition was measured. For BA five specimens of each GIC were inoculated into BHI broth with S. mutans. Then the specimens were washed with PBS and after, the PBS were diluted twice to then seeded into petri dishes and the UFC/ml was counted. For Ab, 40 specimens were submitted to simulated brush cycles, evaluating mass, roughness and hardness. For Er 80 specimens were analyzed by roughness, mass and microhardness, according to the erosive cycle with acidic beverages. For WS-SB 40 specimens were evaluated according to mass for 56 days. For HE, 40 glass cylinders were filled with GICs and evaluated for 4 weeks. For FS each CIV was tested in the three-point bending test. For ML, 80 teeth were restored and submitted to thermocycling for evaluation of microleakage. For MS 80 teeth were sectioned and placed in PVC tubes. The specimens were restored with cylinders made of the GIC and evaluated in a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using the Tukey test (p ≥ 0.05). In AD results, Ion-Z showed the highest antimicrobial activity in each evaluated time. In AB, Fuji-IX presented the highest bacterial adhesion. In Ab the GICs did not present significant difference after brushing in mass and microhardness; in roughness, Ion-Z was affected. In Er, the GICs were not affected by the acidic beverages in mass, however, the results of microhardness and roughness have changes. In SO-SB, Ion-Z had the highest values. In HE, Vitro-Molar and Ion-Z presented hydroscopic expansion. In RF, Fuji-IX had the highest value, without significant difference with Ketac-Molar and Ion- Z. In IM, Fuji-IX had less infiltration in permanent and in deciduous teeth; the others GICs didn´t have significant differences. In MS, Ketac-Molar, Ion-Z and Fuji-IX presented the best values without significant differences; the adhesive fractures were the ones with highest percentage. The study concluded that Ketac-Molar, Fuji-IX and Ion-Z presented similar results. Ion-Z is another option for ART restorations, however, in vivo studies should be performed. Keywords: glass ionomer cements, atraumatic restorative treatment, antimicrobial properties, mechanical properties, adhesive properties

A aplicação de filmes finos em diferentes setores da indústria tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos. Dentre os diversos tipos de revestimentos, filmes finos cerâmicos tem se destacado por melhorarem as propriedades mecânicas, tribológicas e superficiais dos componentes industriais. Dentre os mais variados filmes finos cerâmicos, o Nitreto de Titânio (TiN) é um dos mais conhecidos e aplicados. Caracteriza-se principalmente por possuir alta dureza, resistência à corrosão, estabilidade química e resistência ao desgaste. Essas e outras características são extremamente sensíveis ao processo e, principalmente, aos parâmetros de deposição. Entender a influência da variação dos parâmetros de deposição em busca de melhorar as propriedades é um dos desafios da Ciência e Engenharia de Superfícies. O objetivo deste trabalho é obter, caracterizar e avaliar as propriedades mecânicas e adesivas de filmes finos de TiN obtidos via deposição física a vapor (PVD, Physical Vapour Deposition). Os filmes foram depositados em substratos de alumínio AA 1000, utilizando a técnica Triodo Magnetron Sputtering. Variou-se o fluxo de N2 durante a deposição e comparou-se com a condição de fluxo de N2 constante, sendo verificada a viabilidade de produção de filmes funcionalmente gradados. Os filmes obtidos foram caracterizados por Nanoindentação instrumentada, Difração de Raios-X por ângulo rasante, Teste de riscamento (scratch test), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), Microscopia de Varredura de Alta Emission Gun) e Ensaio de tração em escala reduzida. Como resultado, os filmes depositados com fluxo de N2 variável possuíram melhor comportamento mecânico/adesivo e quando comparados com os filmes depositados sob fluxo de N2 constante. Portanto, a obtenção de filmes finos de TiN gradados funcionalmente com propriedades superiores aos filmes finos de TiN obtidos de modo convencional é possível, e sua aplicação em diferentes áreas da indústria tendem a ser melhor exploradas. / The application of thin films in different industry sectors has increased considerably in recent years. Among the various types of coatings, thin ceramic films have been distinguished by improving the mechanical, tribological and surface properties of industrial components. Among the ceramic thin films, titanium nitride (TiN) is one of the most known and applied. It is characterized by its high hardness, corrosion resistance, chemical stability and wear resistance. These characteristics are extremely sensitive to the deposition process.Understanding the influence of the variation of deposition parameters to improve properties is one of the challenges of Surface Science and Engineering. The films were deposited on AA 1000 aluminum substrates by Triode Magnetron Sputtering. N2 flow was varied during deposition and compared to the constant N2 flow condition and the viability of production of functionally graded films was tested. The obtained films were characterized by instrumented Nanoindentation, Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD), scratch test, TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), Field Emission Gun (FEG) and Tensile Test on a reduced scale. As a result, films deposited with variable N2 flow had better mechanical / adhesive behavior when compared to films deposited under constant N2 flow. Therefore, obtaining thin films of functionally graded TiN with properties superior to the TiN thin films obtained in conventional manner is possible, and their application in different areas of industry tend to be better explored.

<p>U disertaciji je izvršena karakterizacija sliv nosioca flekso<br />štamparskih formi i predstavljena su istraživanja uticaja promene<br />mehaničkih i adhezivnih svojstava slivova na parametre kvaliteta<br />štampe kartonske ambalaže. Korišćene su dve grupe samolepljivih<br />slivova (potpuno novi i slivovi korišćeni za štampu 5.000.000 m<br />materijala). Ciljevi istraživanja su povećanje predvidivosti i<br />konstantnosti kvaliteta štampanog proizvoda i procesa proizvodnje<br />kartonske ambalaže, formiranje preporuka za upotrebu slivova<br />različitih svojstava i nivoa eksploatisanosti i otkrivanje u kojim<br />fazama i kojim procesima dolazi do promena svojstava slivova.</p> / <p>Research presented in this dissertation includes characterization of<br />flexographic sleeves and the study of the influence of the changes in<br />mechanical and adhesive properties of the sleeves on print quality<br />parameters of the cardboard packaging. Two groups of self-adhesive sleeves<br />were used (entirely new and sleeves used for printing of 5.000.000 m of<br />material). Aims of the research are the increase in predictability and stability<br />of the printed product quality and the production process of cardboard<br />packaging, forming of the recommendations for the use of sleeves with<br />different properties and levels of exploitation, as well as defining the phases<br />and processes responsible for the changes in sleeve properties.</p>

Resilin is a disordered elastomeric protein and can be found in specialized regions of insect cuticles. Its protein sequence, functions and dynamic mechanical properties vary substantially across the species. Resilin can operate across the frequency range from 5 Hz for locomotion to 13 kHz for sound production. To understand the functions of different exons of resilin, we synthesize recombinant resilin-like hydrogels from different exons, and investigate the water content and dynamic mechanical properties, along with estimating surface energies relevant for adhesion. The recombinant resilin-like hydrogel has 80wt% water and does not show any sign of tack even though it satisfies the Dahlquist criterion. Finally, doubly shifted dynamic moduli master curves are developed by applying the time-temperature concentration superposition principle (TTCSP), and compared to results obtained with natural resilin from locusts, dragonflies and cockroaches. The resulting master curves show that the synthetic resilin undergoes a prominent transition, though the responsible mechanism is unclear. Possible explanations for the significant increase in modulus include the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, altered structural organization, or passing through a glass transition, all of which have been reported in the literature for polymeric materials. Results show that in nature, resilin operates at a much lower frequency than this glass transition frequency at room temperature. Moreover, recombinant resilins from different clones have comparable resilience with natural resilin, though the modulus is around 1.5 decades lower. Results from the clones with and without chitin binding domains (ChBD) indicate that the transition for the clone without ChBD occurs at lower frequencies than for those with the ChBD, perhaps due to the disordered nature of the clone without ChBD. Atomistic molecular modeling is applied on the repetitive motifs of resilin and different elastomeric proteins to better understand the relationship between elastomeric behavior and amino acid sequences. Results show that the motifs form a favorable bent conformation, likely enabled by glycine's lack of steric hindrance and held in place through intramolecular hydrogen bonds. During Steered Molecular Dynamic (SMD) pulling of these motifs, the hydrogen bonds break and they reform again when the peptides are released to move freely, returning to similar bent conformations. The transition seen in the master curves of recombinant resilins might be due to either these intramolecular hydrogen bonds or to glass transition behavior, though evidence indicates that the transition probably due to the glass transition. What we learned from the synthesized recombinant resilin and simulating the repetitive motifs of resilin may be applicable to the biology and mechanics of other elastomeric biomaterials, and may provide deeper understanding of their unique properties. / Ph. D.

The presented dissertation thesis is focused on investigating the adhesive properties of façade cladding made of wood and wood-based materials in combination with flexible adhesion/assembly systems. The systems allow the implementation of effective construction joints and provide a solution with uniform stress distribution which allows the transfer of heavy loads, while simultaneously reducing the weight of the entire structure, which is also often connected with substantial cost reductions. Despite all that, little attention has been paid to this area so far. It is not a solution which is properly embodied in technical standards or in designers´, architects´ and contractors´ awarenesses. The aim of this dissertation is to characterise adhesive properties of selected façade cladding representatives made of wood and wood-based materials for the purposes of bonded joint application in a ventilated façade system. To define adhesion of façade joints, numerical and experimental methods are used, taking also various limit conditions into account. The main conclusion of the dissertation is the characterisation of basic parameters which influence adhesion, effectiveness and quality of façade glued joints. The secondary conclusion is the compilation of a simple methodical procedure for testing and implementing façade glued joints. The dissertation also makes a contribution by extending the current state of knowledge of façade adhesive joints.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY Author: Tereza Pokorná Title of Diploma thesis Terbinafine-loaded biodegradable polymeric systems for topical administration Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Šnejdrová, Ph.D. In the diploma thesis the released properties of solid dispersions with terbinafine, based on polyesters of D,L-lactic acid and glycol acid, branched with pentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol are studied. The theoretical part deals with solid dispersions, their classification and methods of preparation, methods of drug dissolution testing, properties, effect, use of terbinafine and preparations containing terbinafine. In the experimental part, solid dispersions were prepared by the melting method. The drug was incorporated into the polyester in the form of a hydrochloride or a base in a concentration of 10 % or 20 %. Some systems were plasticized with 30% triethyl citrate. Thin layers were formulated from solid dispersions, and drug dissolution tests were performed on phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 37 řC. Assay of terbinafine released was performed spectrophotometrically at 223 nm and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Based on the results of this diploma thesis, it can be clearly stated that the suitable carrier of terbinafine...