Background: The efficacy of interventions to prevent in-hospital transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is poorly defined, particularly for admission screening. Methods: Variability in ESBL-E infection control practices was evaluated with a survey of 15 hospitals. All ESBL-E positive clinical and screening specimens at 12 hospitals (6 screening and 6 non-screening) from 2005-2009 were included and defined as hospital-onset or community-onset using standard definitions. ESBL-E incidence and susceptibility were studied. Screening efficacy was evaluated with a negative binomial model, adjusting for study year and incidence of community-onset cases. Results: Diverse practices in infection control for ESBL-E were found with 53.3% of hospitals utilizing admission screening. Overall incidence and hospital-onset cases increased 4-fold and 2-fold, respectively. Fluoroquinolone susceptibility for E. coli (12.8%) and K. pneumoniae (9.0%) was low. Hospital-onset cases were 49.1% lower in screening compared to non-screening hospitals (p<0.001). Conclusion: Admission screening can reduce the incidence of hospital-onset ESBL-E cases.

In this study, the management of student admission and registration process at the University of North-West (UNW) was evaluated. The purpose of the study was to determine empirically the challenges facing admission management and the perceptions of students and staff on the admission process. A thorough literature study of management processes was done and a survey method was used to gather data. The subjects of the study were 57 students and 15 admission staff members (manager academic services, admissions officer, administration officers, senior administration officers, faculty secretaries, examination officer, accounts and finance personnel). The empirical investigation conducted has shown that students, the very customers of collegiate education, regard staff attitude as one of the important attributes that reflects on good management and that in their view admission staff at UNW is lacking in terms of their on-the job attitude. The findings also revealed that admission staff, on the other hand, finds their attitude to be normal and acceptable. It is for this reason that management faces a challenge of having to come up with a solution that will best address the matter to restore good student-staff relations on campus. As a possible solution to this problem, a staff induction course on customer relations management (CRM) was recommended for all staff involved with student affairs and admissions~ This would help clear misunderstandings between students and staff, thus creating an environment of mutual respect and trust. It would, further, go a long way in attracting more students to this university once the basics are in place. Furthermore, the study revealed a number of issues including online services, student orientation and planning, that need to be addressed to improve the quality of the admission process at UNW. ln this regard, the study recommends management to consider utilizing online services to offset long queues and fatigue, to fully engage the counselling centre, faculty officers, deans and departmental heads in the career guidance programme and to foster cooperation and coordination across all operational divisions. / Thesis (MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2003

No description available.

It has consistently been documented in many countries and sectors that there are difficulties in implementing public policy effectively. A priori, the Australian health care system is no exception to this general proposition. While governments issue directives with particular goals in mind these goals are not always met, because of the modifications, interpretations or lack of uptake by targeted populations. However it is not clear the extent to which these difficulties occur in the public hospital sector, and we lack clear empirical data on this phenomenon. This thesis investigates the effects of a state government directive on the development and implementation of elective admission policies in New South Wales public hospitals. It did this by three separate but related studies that examined the impact of the directive at the hospitals??? management and staff levels. The first two studies were quantitative and qualitative surveys of hospital managers and admission staff. The management survey aimed to ascertain the extent to which managers responded to the directive in terms of developing and implementing hospital policies. The staff survey sought to investigate staff awareness and knowledge of the developed policies. The third study was a qualitative analysis of the policy contents to determine the extent to which they reflected the aims and objectives of the government directive guidelines. All three studies found a general lack of relevance and applicability of the government directive and its guidelines to individual hospital organisations. The manager survey showed a disconnection between the central government office responsible for implementing the directive and hospital managers??? perspectives. This was apparent by the lack of response to the directive by many hospitals and the fact that managers often passed on the task of implementing the directive and its guidelines to other hospital staff. The findings of the qualitative analysis of policies showed evidence of hospital strategies to manage pressures created by the directive. These difficulties were corroborated by the surveyed staff that reported difficulties in translating the directive???s requirements (as reflected by the hospital policy), into the reality of their daily work; a lack of organisational commitment to policy enforcement; and a suspicion regarding the directive???s political motives. The findings of this thesis show that, as with other public service sectors effective policy implementation in the public hospital arena is problematic, with government agendas frequently not aligned with the requirements of stakeholders, and inadequate understanding of implementation barriers. Recommendations are made regarding methods to improve the synchronicity of political directives with organisational realties in the public hospital sector.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1965. / Abstract laid in.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1965. / Abstract laid in.

Inaug.-diss.--Freiburg i. Br. / Cover title. Lebenslauf. "Schrifttum": pp. v-ix.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to determine how current admission policies and practices at four-year public institutions of higher education in Virginia are implemented to evaluate home school applicants. University administrators, admission officials, and other interested individuals may gain insight into (a) admission policy implementation and informal practices, (b) anticipated policy revisions or new policy developments, (c) evaluative criteria currently being utilized to evaluate applicants, and (d) current home school application and enrollment trends. An interview protocol was developed and used to conduct interviews with the chief admission officer, or designee, at each of the 15 public institutions. Admission policies, admission requirements and guidelines, undergraduate catalogs, view books, and web sites were examined. Each institution's data were analyzed independently. The major findings revealed that 14 of the 15 public institutions had received home school applications, 13 of the 14 have made offers of admission to home school applicants; however, very few institutions had traced applicant enrollment. Only one institution had a written policy that had been approved through the institution's governance structure. One institution had a verbal agreement and a statement in the undergraduate catalog related to home school applicant's requirements. Three institutions reported recent and on-going discussion and research related to policy development and the evaluation of home school applicants. Five institutions indicated that policy development might be considered should home school applications continue to increase. / Ph. D.

No description available.