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This study explores a unique Canadian weekend camp for children and adolescents who are grieving the death of someone significant in their lives. The camp provides recreational activities such as campfires, horseback riding, and wall-climbing as well as therapeutic activities to help with grief such as music therapy. As part of a larger project on Canadian music therapy programming for youth (called “Meeting Youth In Music”), the present study’s purpose is to identify how music therapy interventions are applied and experienced in a particular program with adolescents experiencing bereavement. A case study research design was used and data collected from multiple sources. Primary data were generated by interviewing five stakeholders: the program director, the music therapist, a volunteer, and one adolescent and her mother (who were interviewed together). Thematic analysis was conducted on the interview transcripts, resulting in the identification of numerous themes about the application of music therapy practices. Identified themes characterize music therapy practices as fostering community connections, encouraging emotional expression, and supporting therapeutic practices for diverse populations. Findings of the current study suggest that music therapy interventions can provide benefit for bereaved adolescents. Future research can investigate the specific mechanisms of music which provide such therapeutic benefits.

No description available.

Research shows that low levels of social acceptance, body satisfaction, and athletic competence increase risks for depressive symptoms among both girls and boys (Harter, Marold, & Whitesell, 1992). Little is known, however, about factors that can mediate these risks. To better understand how sports involvement may mediate risks for depressive symptoms, this study uses a multivariate structural model to examine how the qualitative nature of team sports involvement operates to influence risks for depressive symptoms. Participants were 455 students from a high school in a moderately-sized city. Girls reported lower mean levels of body satisfaction and athletic engagement and tended have higher levels of depressive symptoms. No sex differences were observed in experiences of positive team sports involvement. Structural equation modeling showed that the mediating model fit the data well. Implications for community- and school-based sports programs are discussed.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

A significant, yet understudied issue that demands attention is the experience of peer victimization among adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Research indicates that youth with disabilities, including those with ASDs, are victimized more frequently as compared to their typically developing peers. However, little is known about the peer victimization experience for adolescents with ASDs beyond its frequency of occurrence. This study examined relations between peer victimization and individual, peer, and parent factors and outcomes including internalizing and externalizing symptoms among adolescents with ASDs. No significant indirect effects were found for peer victimization on relations between individual social-cognitive and emotion regulation factors and internalizing or externalizing symptoms. Moderating effects of peer (i.e., friendship companionship, closeness, and help) factors on relations between peer victimization and internalizing and externalizing symptoms were not supported. Significant direct effects were found as higher levels of friendship companionship and help were associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms. Parental knowledge moderated the relations between both adolescent-reported and parent-reported peer victimization and internalizing but not externalizing symptoms. Study findings have implications for prevention and intervention efforts including adolescents with ASDs and directions for future research.

D.Ed. (Psychology Of Education) / In this thesis an effort was made to propose a concept of the development of responsibility during adolescence. The intention, more specifically, was to describe the development of some aspects of responsibility in adolescents who have Afrikaans as mother tongue. The motivation for doing the research was: Firstly, it is an accepted fact that adolescents and youths receive less guidance today from home, church, and community than they did in the past, while guidance to reach adulthood also means guidance to accept responsibility. Secondly, to develop a sense of responsibility, and to fully accept responsibility, are seen as the ultimate aims of education. Thirdly, the different aspects of a sense of responsibility, and the influence of the community and the educational setting on the development of these aspects of responsibility, have not been established yet...

D.Ed. (Psychology of Education) / The purpose of the research was to develop, implement and evaluate a psycho· educational programme to prevent young adults to withdraw from their community. The assumption was made that withdrawal from interpersonal relationships has a detrimental effect on the mental health and well-being of young adults. Isolation has a very destructive effect on young adults. The results of the data collection especially elicit the result of a sometimes not well· thought through decision to isolate oneself from relationships ...

M. Ed. / Aggression in schools has become the order of the day as incidents of learners stabbing, bullying and killing each other are reported. Parents, educators, learners, the Department of Education, the Department of Correctional Services and the Department of Social Science are concerned about the escalation of aggression in secondary schools. Current research on learners‟ experience of other learners‟ aggression in a secondary school has identified it as a major concern as it interferes with normal schooling. Aggression begets aggression. One of the goals of this research study was to provide guidelines for learners to manage aggression in a constructive manner. The participants in this research study were learners between the age of sixteen years and eighteen years in a secondary school in the Ekurhuleni area. The researcher‟s objectives were as follows: to explore and describe learners‟ experience of other learner‟s aggression in a secondary school; and to describe guidelines for the learners which will assist learners in dealing with learner aggression. The qualitative research approach helps the researcher to understand and interpret the learners‟ aggression. Phenomenological interviews were conducted and naïve sketches were written. The data was analysed by means of open coding. The major themes are set out below. 1. Learners experience other learners‟ aggression as being out of control. 2. Learners experience that cultural differences contribute to other learners‟ aggression. 3. Learners experience inadequate supervision and support of educators. 4. Learners experience other aggressive learners to be challenged in their lives. 5. From the interviews conducted; guidelines were made in line with the findings, to assist learners in dealing with learners‟ aggression.

Introduction The most tragic outcome of a teenage pregnancy is a teenage maternal death. Research from African countries has shown that pregnant teenagers are at increased risk for maternal death when compared with older women, chiefly from complications of hypertension in pregnancy and pregnancy-related sepsis. The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of maternal deaths accounted for by teenagers, and to describe associated obstetric factors, causes of death and avoidable factors. Setting and methods This was a descriptive retrospective study, using records of all maternal deaths at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBH) from 1997 to 2011. All maternal deaths at CHBH are notified to the national government, and complete patient records have been kept since 1997. All teenage (age less than 20 years) maternal deaths were found by hand-searching all maternal death files for the study period. Demographic and obstetric details were recorded, as well as the primary cause of death and avoidable factors in each case, using the methodology of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in South Africa. Results There were 33 teenage maternal deaths out of a total of 562 deaths (6.1%). Eighteen (54.5%) of the teenagers were 18 or 19 years old. Nine died without having booked for antenatal care.Twenty-six (78.8%) were 28 weeks or more pregnant or postpartum when they died. The most frequent causes of death were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (n=10; 30.3%), including 9 cases of eclampsia, and non-pregnancy-related infections (n=10; 30.3%), including 6 cases of lower respiratory tract infection and 2 foreign nationals who died of malaria. Among the teenagers who died from non-pregnancy-related infections, 3 were HIV infected, 4 were HIV negative and 3 did not have HIV results. Infrequent causes of death included pregnancy-related sepsis (n=2; 6.1%), and postpartum haemorrhage (n=1; 3.0%). The most frequent avoidable factors were failure to book for antenatal clinic (n=5; 15.2%) and delay in seeking medical help (n=8; 24.2%). Conclusion Maternal deaths in teenagers were infrequent and occurred in a lower proportion of all maternal deaths (6.1%) than expected, based on data suggesting a 13% teenage pregnancy proportion from a study done in 1999 to 2001. This finding differs from those in other African countries. The high frequency of eclampsia is similar to data from other countries, but pregnancy-related sepsis was not frequent. Development and maintenance of adolescent community resources and health services, including improving access to foreign teenagers, may improve health care utilisation by teenagers. Utilisation indicators would include use of contraception, uptake of termination of pregnancy services, and antenatal care attendance for ongoing pregnancies.