Disertacijoje analizuojamas baudžiamosios atsakomybės už kvalifikuotą vagystę reglamentavimas Lietuvos BK 178 straipsnio 2 ir 3 dalyse, atskleidžiami šio reglamentavimo trūkumai, pateikiama pasiūlymų šiems trūkumams pašalinti. Kadangi vagystės kvalifikuotos sudėtys apima ir pagrindinės vagystės sudėties požymius, disertacijoje nagrinėjama vagystės samprata, atskleidžiami rūšiniai vagystės požymiai, aptariami kai kurie diskutuotini šių požymių aspektai, skiriamos vagystės rūšys ir sudėtys. Pagrindinis dėmesys disertacijoje skirtas vagystės kvalifikuotoms sudėtims, jų konstravimo ypatumams atskleisti: analizuojama vagystės kvalifikuotų sudėčių reglamentavimo Lietuvoje galiojusiuose įstatymuose istorinė raida, aptariami vagystės kvalifikuotų sudėčių ypatumai kitų šalių baudžiamuosiuose įstatymuose, pabrėžiami šių sudėčių konstravimo privalumai ir trūkumai galiojančiame Lietuvos BK, siūloma jų konstravimo tobulinimo variantų. Šiame moksliniame darbe nagrinėjami visi BK 178 straipsnio 2 ir 3 dalyse numatyti vagystę kvalifikuojantys požymiai, atskleidžiamas jų turinys, iškeliamos šių požymių inkriminavimo problemos teisės taikymo praktikoje, siūlomi šių problemų sprendimo variantai. Nagrinėjant kiekvieną vagystę kvalifikuojantį požymį, lyginamuoju aspektu apžvelgiami analogiški ar panašūs kitų šalių baudžiamuosiuose įstatymuose įtvirtinti vagystę kvalifikuojantys požymiai, baudžiamosios teisės moksle egzistuojanti jų samprata, teoriniai teiginiai grindžiami teismų praktikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The thesis provides the analysis of regulation of criminal liability for aggravated theft in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 178 of the Lithuanian Criminal Code, reveals and makes proposals for eliminating the shortcomings in the regulation. Whereas corpus delicti of the aggravated theft also comprise elements constituting corpus delicti of principle theft, the thesis examines the concept of theft, reveals general elements of theft, covers certain debatable aspects of such elements and points out the types and corpus delictis of theft. The thesis focuses on revealing the corpus delictis of aggravated theft and the peculiarities of their construction: it provides the analysis of the historical development of norms regulating criminal liability for the aggravated theft during different periods of time in Lithuania, covers the peculiarities of corpus delictis of aggravated theft under the foreign criminal laws, emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of constructions of corpus delictis of the aggravated theft in the valid Lithuanian Criminal Code and proposes options for improving such constructions. This scientific study explores all the elements aggravating theft provided for in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 178 of the Criminal Code, reveals the content of each aggravating element, highlights the problems relating to enforcement of the elements in judicial practice and proposes options for addressing the problems. Each element aggravating theft is examined by drawing a... [to full text]

O presente trabalho tem por objeto de análise seqüências de discordância levadas adiante por correções pelo outro, e seu objetivo é caracterizar a ocorrência de correções pelo outro, sublinhando suas implicações e distinções em relação a outros recursos para discordar. Seguindo a tradição de pesquisa em Análise da Conversa, em que a relação entre correção e discordância tem sido apontada mas não elucidada por completo, cerca de oito horas de registros audiovisuais de interações cotidianas foram geradas, e, nesse corpus, localizadas e reunidas instâncias em que a correção pelo outro levava adiante uma discordância entre os interlocutores. Observou-se que, ocorrendo no início, no meio ou no fim de uma discordância, a correção produz não apenas um questionamento de um item/expressão equivocado no turno do interlocutor, mas centralmente implica o questionamento da apresentação do interlocutor como conhecedor do tópico em debate. Observou-se, ainda, a redução de índices de despreferência por discordância ao longo da seqüência, evidenciando a orientação dos participantes para acentuar progressivamente o debate. Comparando-se com outros recursos para discordar, observou-se que a correção pelo outro intervém mais diretamente no turno do opositor, implica necessariamente anulação da proposta do opositor, permite um monitoramento do ponto em que a discordância foi abandonada (quando é o caso) e, ao implicar a legitimidade do falante sobre o tópico em debate, implica necessariamente a falta de autoridade do interlocutor. Conclui-se, portanto, que a correção pelo outro é um recurso bastante mais agravado do que outros para produzir discordâncias, evidenciando, nas seqüências em que ocorre, a orientação dos participantes para sublinhar a oposição, em lugar de mitigá-la. / This study is aimed at characterizing the occurrence of other-correction in disagreement sequences by focusing on its implication to the sequence and its particularities in relation to other methods for disagreeing. Based on the framework of Conversation Analysis, within which the relationship between other-correction and disagreement has been pointed out, though not yet accounted for in detailed analysis, roughly eight hours of daily interaction were recorded, and instances of other-correction in disagreement sequences were identified. Othercorrections were observed to be implicated in the beginning, middle or end of disagreement sequences, focusing not only on trouble in an item/expression in previous turn, but implying crucially the questioning of the presentation of previous speaker as knowledgeable about the topic. The orientation to preference for disagreement as the sequence progressed was also observed, evidencing participants’ orientation to aggravate the dispute. In comparison to other methods for disagreeing, other-correction was observed to be more directly opposed to previous turn, to imply the opponent’s position as necessarily invalid, to allow the monitoring of moves to abort the sequence (when this is the case), and to necessarily impute lack of authority on the topic to the interlocutor. Other-correction is concluded to be a method engendering much more aggravation than other methods for disagreeing, evidencing the orientation of participants to invest in, rather than mitigate, the opposition.

Eng. Violent crime a it's prevention Violence, violent crime and it's prevention are the main focus points of my thesis. Violence is as old as humanity itself, it made and destroyed some of the most famous people of our history and history of the whole world. Violence played and still plays a very important part in building and undoing nations. Even though it's often regarded as the last measure, violence is still present in our everyday lives. That's why it's still importat to study this subject. The main goal of my thesis is to elaborate the basics of violent crime and it's prevention as a whole and in the Czech Republic. Is the prevention system and it's goals set right to prevent violent crime and crime altogether? Is consumation of alcohol and other substances linked to the violent crime? Those are just few questions that I try to answer in this thesis. My thesis is split into seven parts. In parts one to seven I covered main focus of my thesis. In part one I cover the basics that are important for my work as a whole. Terms like criminality, criminology and violence. In the second part I write about offenders, their categories and differences between them based on their chracteristics. I also split them into categories based on their relationship with the educational system. In part three I...

O presente trabalho tem por objeto de análise seqüências de discordância levadas adiante por correções pelo outro, e seu objetivo é caracterizar a ocorrência de correções pelo outro, sublinhando suas implicações e distinções em relação a outros recursos para discordar. Seguindo a tradição de pesquisa em Análise da Conversa, em que a relação entre correção e discordância tem sido apontada mas não elucidada por completo, cerca de oito horas de registros audiovisuais de interações cotidianas foram geradas, e, nesse corpus, localizadas e reunidas instâncias em que a correção pelo outro levava adiante uma discordância entre os interlocutores. Observou-se que, ocorrendo no início, no meio ou no fim de uma discordância, a correção produz não apenas um questionamento de um item/expressão equivocado no turno do interlocutor, mas centralmente implica o questionamento da apresentação do interlocutor como conhecedor do tópico em debate. Observou-se, ainda, a redução de índices de despreferência por discordância ao longo da seqüência, evidenciando a orientação dos participantes para acentuar progressivamente o debate. Comparando-se com outros recursos para discordar, observou-se que a correção pelo outro intervém mais diretamente no turno do opositor, implica necessariamente anulação da proposta do opositor, permite um monitoramento do ponto em que a discordância foi abandonada (quando é o caso) e, ao implicar a legitimidade do falante sobre o tópico em debate, implica necessariamente a falta de autoridade do interlocutor. Conclui-se, portanto, que a correção pelo outro é um recurso bastante mais agravado do que outros para produzir discordâncias, evidenciando, nas seqüências em que ocorre, a orientação dos participantes para sublinhar a oposição, em lugar de mitigá-la. / This study is aimed at characterizing the occurrence of other-correction in disagreement sequences by focusing on its implication to the sequence and its particularities in relation to other methods for disagreeing. Based on the framework of Conversation Analysis, within which the relationship between other-correction and disagreement has been pointed out, though not yet accounted for in detailed analysis, roughly eight hours of daily interaction were recorded, and instances of other-correction in disagreement sequences were identified. Othercorrections were observed to be implicated in the beginning, middle or end of disagreement sequences, focusing not only on trouble in an item/expression in previous turn, but implying crucially the questioning of the presentation of previous speaker as knowledgeable about the topic. The orientation to preference for disagreement as the sequence progressed was also observed, evidencing participants’ orientation to aggravate the dispute. In comparison to other methods for disagreeing, other-correction was observed to be more directly opposed to previous turn, to imply the opponent’s position as necessarily invalid, to allow the monitoring of moves to abort the sequence (when this is the case), and to necessarily impute lack of authority on the topic to the interlocutor. Other-correction is concluded to be a method engendering much more aggravation than other methods for disagreeing, evidencing the orientation of participants to invest in, rather than mitigate, the opposition.

O presente trabalho tem por objeto de análise seqüências de discordância levadas adiante por correções pelo outro, e seu objetivo é caracterizar a ocorrência de correções pelo outro, sublinhando suas implicações e distinções em relação a outros recursos para discordar. Seguindo a tradição de pesquisa em Análise da Conversa, em que a relação entre correção e discordância tem sido apontada mas não elucidada por completo, cerca de oito horas de registros audiovisuais de interações cotidianas foram geradas, e, nesse corpus, localizadas e reunidas instâncias em que a correção pelo outro levava adiante uma discordância entre os interlocutores. Observou-se que, ocorrendo no início, no meio ou no fim de uma discordância, a correção produz não apenas um questionamento de um item/expressão equivocado no turno do interlocutor, mas centralmente implica o questionamento da apresentação do interlocutor como conhecedor do tópico em debate. Observou-se, ainda, a redução de índices de despreferência por discordância ao longo da seqüência, evidenciando a orientação dos participantes para acentuar progressivamente o debate. Comparando-se com outros recursos para discordar, observou-se que a correção pelo outro intervém mais diretamente no turno do opositor, implica necessariamente anulação da proposta do opositor, permite um monitoramento do ponto em que a discordância foi abandonada (quando é o caso) e, ao implicar a legitimidade do falante sobre o tópico em debate, implica necessariamente a falta de autoridade do interlocutor. Conclui-se, portanto, que a correção pelo outro é um recurso bastante mais agravado do que outros para produzir discordâncias, evidenciando, nas seqüências em que ocorre, a orientação dos participantes para sublinhar a oposição, em lugar de mitigá-la. / This study is aimed at characterizing the occurrence of other-correction in disagreement sequences by focusing on its implication to the sequence and its particularities in relation to other methods for disagreeing. Based on the framework of Conversation Analysis, within which the relationship between other-correction and disagreement has been pointed out, though not yet accounted for in detailed analysis, roughly eight hours of daily interaction were recorded, and instances of other-correction in disagreement sequences were identified. Othercorrections were observed to be implicated in the beginning, middle or end of disagreement sequences, focusing not only on trouble in an item/expression in previous turn, but implying crucially the questioning of the presentation of previous speaker as knowledgeable about the topic. The orientation to preference for disagreement as the sequence progressed was also observed, evidencing participants’ orientation to aggravate the dispute. In comparison to other methods for disagreeing, other-correction was observed to be more directly opposed to previous turn, to imply the opponent’s position as necessarily invalid, to allow the monitoring of moves to abort the sequence (when this is the case), and to necessarily impute lack of authority on the topic to the interlocutor. Other-correction is concluded to be a method engendering much more aggravation than other methods for disagreeing, evidencing the orientation of participants to invest in, rather than mitigate, the opposition.

Thesis (M. A. (Criminology and Criminal Justice)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / The purpose of this study was to explore street robberies at Bungeni village, situated under Makhado Municipality of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study sought to identify factors contributing to street robberies, to assess experiences of victims of these robberies and to determine measures that can be applied to prevent them. This qualitative study applied the exploratory research design to recruit participants using non-probability sampling techniques, specifically purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Thirteen (13) participants, including ten (10) victims of street robbery and three (3) local SAPS officials were selected for this study. Data was collected using individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Based on the transcribed data, themes were extracted and analysed using Thematic Content Analysis (TCA). This study established that there are factors that contribute to the occurrence of street robberies; victims are affected by street robberies (i.e. be it social, psychological and financial); and that there are measures that may reduce the occurrence of these robberies. Findings of the research indicate that factors such as time, space, individual’s lifestyle and routine activities contribute to victims being robbed in the streets and that these victims experience victimisation of street robberies differently. For recommendations, this study argues that some of these factors are lifestyle exposure, individual activities, spatial and temporal factors. Street robberies are characterised by the use of weapons, force and threat of force by offenders. Lastly, street robberies have a negative impact on victims. Keywords: Aggravated robbery, Crime prevention, Robbery, Street robbery and Victims

The study was aimed at exploring the relationship between poverty and aggravated robbery in Limpopo Province. Sampled secondary data of aggravated robbery of- fenders, obtained from the South African Police (SAPS), Polokwane, was used in the analysis. From empirical researches on poverty and crime, there are some deductions that vulnerability to crime is increased by poverty. Poverty set was categorised by gender, employment status, marital status, race, age and educational attainment. Variables for aggravated robbery were house robbery, bank robbery, street/common robbery, carjacking, truck hijacking, cash-in-transit and business robbery. Canonical correlation analysis was used to make some inferences about the relationship of these two sets. The results revealed a signi cant positive correlation of 0.219(p-value = 0.025) between poverty and aggravated robbery at ve per cent signi cance level. Of the thirteen variables entered into the poverty-aggravated model, ve emerged as sta- tistically signi cant. These were gender, marital status, employment status, common robbery and business robbery. / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Statistics)

The study was aimed at exploring the relationship between poverty and aggravated robbery in Limpopo Province. Sampled secondary data of aggravated robbery of- fenders, obtained from the South African Police (SAPS), Polokwane, was used in the analysis. From empirical researches on poverty and crime, there are some deductions that vulnerability to crime is increased by poverty. Poverty set was categorised by gender, employment status, marital status, race, age and educational attainment. Variables for aggravated robbery were house robbery, bank robbery, street/common robbery, carjacking, truck hijacking, cash-in-transit and business robbery. Canonical correlation analysis was used to make some inferences about the relationship of these two sets. The results revealed a signi cant positive correlation of 0.219(p-value = 0.025) between poverty and aggravated robbery at ve per cent signi cance level. Of the thirteen variables entered into the poverty-aggravated model, ve emerged as sta- tistically signi cant. These were gender, marital status, employment status, common robbery and business robbery. / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Statistics)

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer criterios de aplicación del delito de feminicidio en su modalidad agravada “estado de ebriedad” en confrontación con la causal de inimputabilidad “grave alteración de la conciencia”, utilizando la metodología cualitativa sirviéndose de las técnicas de fichaje y observación y los instrumentos utilizados fueron la fichas textuales y de resumen por último la guía de análisis documental. Entre los resultados se obtuvo que el delito de feminicidio tiene grandes implicancias y un carácter autónomo en el sistema penal peruano y a nivel comparado solo algunos países mantienen esta característica en sus tipos penales. Asimismo, que la causal de inimputabilidad grave alteración de la conciencia se encuentra respaldada en el artículo 20 inc. 1 del código penal peruano. Seguido a ello, es necesario analizar la jurisprudencia nacional o extranjera, la normativa comparada, y la dogmática para proponer criterios para la aplicación de la agravante del delito de feminicidio en su modalidad agravada del segundo párrafo apartado noveno en contra de la causal de inimputabilidad “grave alteración de la conciencia. Se concluye entonces que si existe una confrontación normativa con respecto a la causal de inimputabilidad por grave alteración de la conciencia y la agravante del 108 – b entonces de deberán realizar criterios para preponderar la aplicación de la modalidad agravada del feminicidio y poder sustentar una compatibilidad entre ambas normas en conflicto. / El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer criterios de aplicación del delito de feminicidio en su modalidad agravada “estado de ebriedad” en confrontación con la causal de inimputabilidad “grave alteración de la conciencia”, utilizando la metodología cualitativa sirviéndose de las técnicas de fichaje y observación y los instrumentos utilizados fueron las fichas textuales y de resumen por último la guía de análisis documental. Entre los resultados se obtuvo que el delito de feminicidio tiene grandes implicancias y un carácter autónomo en el sistema penal peruano y a nivel comparado solo algunos países mantienen esta característica en sus tipos penales. Asimismo, que la causal de inimputabilidad grave alteración de la conciencia se encuentra respaldada en el artículo 20 inc. 1 del código penal peruano. Seguido a ello, es necesario analizar la jurisprudencia nacional o extranjera, la normativa comparada, y la dogmática para proponer criterios para la aplicación de la agravante del delito de feminicidio en su modalidad agravada del segundo párrafo apartado noveno en contra de la causal de inimputabilidad “grave alteración de la conciencia. Se concluye entonces que si existe una confrontación normativa con respecto a la causal de inimputabilidad por grave alteración de la conciencia y la agravante del 108 – b entonces de deberán realizar criterios para preponderar la aplicación de la modalidad agravada del feminicidio y poder sustentar una compatibilidad entre ambas normas en conflicto.

Les syndromes myotoniques congénitaux atypiques dus à des mutations du canal sodé voltage-dépendant Nav1.4 se distinguent des myotonies congénitales classiques (canal chlore ClC-1) par la présence de traits atypiques incluant des myotonies douloureuses aggravées au froid et à l’ingestion de potassium. La caractérisation clinique et moléculaire de plusieurs familles atteintes de ces conditions rares dans la région du Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean nous a permis de découvrir une nouvelle mutation SCN4A à effet fondateur causant un phénotype de myotonies douloureuses aggravées au froid, parfois accompagné de phénomènes dystrophiques ou paralytiques. L’ampleur de notre cohorte nous permet de commenter sur l’hétérogénité phénotypique observée, sur les traits caractéristiques des syndromes associés au gène SCN4A, sur les implications physiologiques probables d’une telle mutation ainsi que sur les facteurs modulant le phénotype observé. Enfin, notre étude nous permet de souligner l’importance du dépistage familial systématique afin de prévenir les complications anesthésiques potentielles associées à ces conditions. / Congenital myotonic syndromes due to mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.4 differ from those due to mutations of the chloride channel CLC-1 as they tend to present atypical traits including painful myotonias and aggravation of symptoms with cold and potassium ingestion. Indeed, after completing the clinical and molecular characterization of a large cohort of patients affected with these rare conditions in the Saguenay Lac-St-Jean area, we were able to describe a new founder SCN4A mutation presenting with painful cold-induced myotonias and occasional dystrophic and paralytic episodes. Our study illustrates the wide phenotypic variability and the typical traits of SCN4A mutations. In addition, we were able to speculate on the probable physiological consequences of such mutations. Finally, we conclude by stressing the importance of familial screening in order to reduce the incidence of anesthetic complications associated with these conditions.