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This thesis discusses the research and development of a program to aid the aircraft designer with determining the pilot's visual acuity. The discussion involves the use of Object-Oriented programming, the use of a graphical user interface based upon the graphics standard PHIGS (Programmers Hierarchical interactive Graphics System) and the integration of this Pilot's View Module with an existing aircraft CAD (Computer Aided Design) program known as ACSYNT. The result is a program that lends itself to reuse and easy modification and is device independent. The main purpose of the pilot's view module is to provide total vision plots for the pilot in accordance with the military standards as stated in the document 850B. These standards include visibility design goals for several types of aircraft as well as methods for calculating and presenting the vision plots. The integration of the pilots view module with ACSYNT affords the designer the ability to examine the trade-offs associated with a particular cockpit design and the performance of that design within one CAD program. / Master of Science

This ex post facto inquiry investigated the existence of an association between advanced formal education and the largely psychomotor task of flying military aircraft. The analysis of data indicated that such an association does exist. Data were analyzed by computer comparison of two separate data bases. The first data base included selected U.S. Air Force officers' educational histories. The second set of data included aircrew standardization/evaluation qualification grade scores. Individual subjects were identified, and for each subject a record was formed that included the subject's standardization flight proficiency grade and advanced educational background. Group subsets of selected variables were then recorded in 2 X 2 contingency tables and statistical calculations using chi square tests of independence were applied.

A basic goal of an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program is to enable the language learner to function within an academic discipline, science and technology occupation, or a vocational occupation by using English. This teacher researcher case study explores the English literacy development of three adult Japanese student pilots within a holistic English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program. The setting of this five month naturalistic case study was on a small airport in the Southwestern United States. Experiential literacy events were provided to encourage student pilots to develop English literacy while learning aviation concepts. A preliminary case study with one student was conducted to evaluate and modify data collection methods, and ESP curriculum and organization. Data collection included participant observation and field notes, dialogue journals between students and the teacher researcher, oral and written interviews, checklists, and audio-taping methods. Three themes emerged through the constant comparative method of data analysis: (1) self perception, (2) developing relationships, and (3) developing literacy strategies. These three themes reflect the process of how and through what particular issues students developed English literacy. Findings from the analysis of data suggest that English literacy develops differently, and has distinct meanings for each person. In contrast to traditional ESP and ESL programs that emphasizes the transmission of language, a holistic ESP program provides opportunities for adult student pilots to develop English literacy through a process of inventing and appropriating English for his/her own purposes and needs. Findings also indicate that learning the form and function of language is not enough. Other language processes and social interactions enhance learning and support language development. Current research within the English for Specific Purposes field focuses on the description of the language as product of a particular academic/scientific/occupational situation that a student needs to learn to be successful. This dissertation seeks to refocus the direction in ESP research and contribute to the understandings of the process of literacy development in a holistic ESP program.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2016-11-07T18:24:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Toshio Enohi.pdf: 3070369 bytes, checksum: 619dad466b7a420504d8c9f359324626 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-07T18:24:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Toshio Enohi.pdf: 3070369 bytes, checksum: 619dad466b7a420504d8c9f359324626 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Working in different and night shifts directly affects the health of workers. This situation can be experienced by pilots in civil aviation due to its highly complex and exhausting activity. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the work and sleep factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in Brazilian pilots of civil aviation, as well as identify the main body parts affected. Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was held with a large sample of 1234 pilots from ABRAPAC, who voluntarily replied to a survey from November 2013 to March 2014. The survey had information about age, gender, marital status, work, health and sleep. The dependent variables were the musculoskeletal symptoms and for this, a modified Brazilian version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used. Also in the Robust Poisson regression, the variables for chronic (in the last 12 months), acute (in the last 7 days) and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms were dichotomized into ¿without symptom¿ and ¿with symptom¿. It was considered ¿with symptom¿ the pilot who reported pain in at least one of the four body parts with the highest prevalence in the study: upper back, lower back, neck and shoulder. The data were analyzed by Stata 12.0 program. Results: The prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal symptoms was 65,9% and work-related 46,9% to the last 12 months. The prevalence of acute musculoskeletal symptoms was 28,0% and work-related 23,3% to the last 7 days. It was verified that pilots who worked 11-21 years , with 66-hour flight journey or more per month , with irregular-work hours involving the night-shifts , with low sleep quality and insomnia were risk factors for chronic musculoskeletal symptoms. These variables were also considered risk factors for work-related symptoms . To acute musculoskeletal symptoms, it was observed that working seven consecutive days or more per month, with low sleep quality and insomnia were risk factors. These variables were also considered risk factors for work-related symptoms . Conclusion: It was concluded that work organizational structure associated with a low sleep quality and insomnia were predisponent factors to musculoskeletal symptoms among Brazilian pilots of civil aviation. The upper and lower back, neck and shoulder were considered the body parts with the highest prevalence. / Introdução: O trabalho em turnos e noturno afeta diretamente a saúde do trabalhador, situação essa vivenciada pelos pilotos da aviação civil. Além disso, é uma atividade desgastante, dada a sua alta complexidade, podendo trazer prejuízos à saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e os fatores organizacionais e de sono associados aos sintomas musculoesqueléticos entre pilotos da aviação comercial, bem como as regiões corporais de maior prevalência dos sintomas. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com os pilotos associados da Associação Brasileira de Pilotos da Aviação Civil - ABRAPAC. Dos 2530 pilotos associados, um total de 1234 pilotos participou voluntariamente da pesquisa respondendo o questionário online, no período de novembro de 2013 a março de 2014. O questionário continha perguntas sobre condições sociodemográficas, trabalho, saúde, estilo de vida e sono. Os desfechos do estudo foram os sintomas musculoesqueléticos avaliados por meio do Questionário Nórdico de Kuorinka, adaptado e validado para a cultura brasileira. Para a análise de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta, dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos crônicos (nos últimos 12 meses e nos últimos 12 meses relacionados ao trabalho) e agudos (nos últimos sete dias e nos últimos sete dias relacionados ao trabalho) foram dicotomizados em ¿sem sintoma¿ e ¿com sintoma¿. Foi classificado com sintoma o piloto que relatou dor em pelo menos uma das quatro regiões corporais de maior prevalência na amostra estudada, sendo essas, superior das costas, inferior das costas, pescoço e ombros. Em todos os testes foi considerado significante o valor de p<0,05. Os dados foram analisados por meio do programa STATA 12.0. Resultados: A prevalência dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos crônicos, considerando as nove regiões corporais avaliadas, foi de 65,9% e dos sintomas relacionados ao trabalho foi de 46,9%. Quanto aos sintomas musculoesqueléticos agudos e os sintomas relacionados ao trabalho, a prevalência foi de 28,0% e de 23,3%, respectivamente. As queixas mais prevalentes foram nas regiões do tronco (parte inferior das costas, superior das costas, pescoço) e ombros. Verificou-se que trabalhar entre 11 e 21 anos como piloto, com a jornada mensal média acima de 66 horas, em turno irregular, ter sono insuficiente e sintomas de insônia foram fatores associados para os SME crônicos. Esses mesmos fatores também foram associados para os SME crônicos relacionados ao trabalho. Para os SME agudos, observou-se que trabalhar sete dias consecutivos ou mais, ter má qualidade de sono e sintomas de insônia foram fatores associados. Esses mesmos fatores também foram associados para os SME agudos relacionados ao trabalho. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a prevalência dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos entre os pilotos da aviação comercial pesquisados é elevada e que problemas na organização do trabalho e de sono são fatores associados a esses sintomas. Sendo as regiões corporais de maior prevalência as do tronco (parte inferior e superior das costas, pescoço), seguidas do ombro.

Thesis (M.S.)--Naval Postgraduate School, 1996. / "March, 1996." Includes abstract. DTIC report no.: ADA307314. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-46). Full text available online from DTIC.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Psychology. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Automation surprises are examples of poor Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) where pilots were surprised by actions of the automation, which lead to dangerous situations during which pilots had to counteract the autopilot. To be able to identify problems that may arise between pilots and automation before implementation, methods are needed that can uncover potentially dangerous HMI early in the design process. In this work, two such methods, simulation and model checking, have been combined and compared to leverage the benefits of both. In the past, model checking has been successful at uncovering known automation surprises. Simulation, on the other hand, has been successful in the aviation domain and human factor issues. To be able to compare these two approaches, this work focused on a common case study involving a known automation surprise. The automation surprise that was examined, is linked to the former Airbus speed protection logic that caused aircraft on approach to change the flight mode, resulting in a sudden climb. The results provided by the model checking with SAL (Symbolic Analysis Laboratory) in a previous work, have been used to provide input for simulation. In this work, this automation surprise was simulated with the simulation platform WMC (Work Models that Compute) and compared to the corresponding results from SAL. By using the case study, this work provides a method to examine system behavior, such as automation surprises, using model checking and simulation in conjunction to leverage the benefits of both.

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