Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

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T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) affects approximately 1,500 people per year in the United States, many of them children. The overall survival rate of children with T-ALL is greater than 80%. However, patients in a newly identified subtype called early T-cell progenitor acute lymphocytic leukemia (ETP-ALL), have a survival rate of only 19%. We have used the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon/transposase system in mice to model the T-ALL subtypes and identify cancer-causing mutations in the diseases. We have also developed three strains of NOTCH1 transgenic mice. NOTCH1 is a gene that is mutated in over 60% of cases of T-ALL, and these NOTCH1 transgenic mice could be used to better understand the role NOTCH1 plays in T-cell transformation. In order to model T-ALL subtypes we crossed SB mice to Vav-iCre mice, Lck-Cre mice, and CD4-Cre mice. This causes activation of SB in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), double negative (DN) thymocytes, and double positive (DP) T-cells, respectively. The Vav/SB tumors were characterized by mutations in Notch1, Ikzf1, and Rasgrp1. The predominant mutations found in the Lck/SB and CD4/SB models were Stat5b, Myc, Gfi1, Whsc1, and Jak1. Microarray was performed on a subset of samples. It was found that the CD4/SB tumors had expression profiles very similar to human ETP-ALL samples, and the Vav/SB tumors had expression profiles very similar to typical T-ALL samples. This data indicates that the cell-of-origin for ETP-ALL may not be an early T-cell progenitor, but instead may be a double positive or single positive T-cell. It also indicates that the cell-of-origin for typical T-ALL may be a stem/progenitor cell of the T-lineage. In order to better study the oncogenic potential of mutant NOTCH1 in T- ALL, we produced three NOTCH1 transgenic mouse strains that mimic the most common NOTCH1 mutations found in human T-ALL patients. These mutations are found in two distinct regions of the gene, the heterodimerization (HD) domain and the PEST domain and can occur alone or in combination. The strains also contain a lox-stop-lox (LSL) cassette in the first exon of NOTCH1, making expression Cre-dependent. Preliminary results from NOTCH1-HD-PEST (NHDP) transgenic mice indicate that, when crossed to Lck-Cre mice, offspring do not develop T- cell lymphoma. However, when NHDP/Lck-Cre mice are crossed to SB mice, the mutant NOTCH1 transgene accelerates a SB-induced model of T-cell lymphoma.

The capacity of multiuser wireless network, unclear for many years, has always been a hot research topic. Many different operation schemes and coding techniques have been proposed to enlarge the achievable rate region. And omnidirectional relay scheme is one of them. This thesis mainly works on the achievable region of the all-source all-cast network with omnidirectional relay scheme. In order to better understand this problem, we first describe the half-duplex model on the one-dimensional and two-dimensional regular networks. And we present an optimal operation scheme for them to have the maximum achievable rate. For the one-dimensional general network, we proposed an achievable region that indicates valued improvement compared to the previous results. In the full-duplex model of the one-dimensional general network, the maximum achievable rate is presented with a simpler proof in comparison with the previous results. In this thesis, we also show some discussions on more general networks.

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

In this dissertation I investigated a multi-channel and multi-bit rate all-optical clock recovery device. This device, a birefringent Fabry-Perot resonator, had previously been demonstrated to simultaneously recover the clock signal from 10 wavelength channels operating at 10 Gb/s and one channel at 40 Gb/s. Similar to clock signals recovered from a conventional Fabry-Perot resonator, the clock signal from the birefringent resonator suffers from a bit pattern effect. I investigated this bit pattern effect for birefringent resonators numerically and experimentally and found that the bit pattern effect is less prominent than for clock signals from a conventional Fabry-Perot resonator.I also demonstrated photonic balancing which is an all-optical alternative to electrical balanced detection for phase shift keyed signals. An RZ-DPSK data signal was demodulated using a delay interferometer. The two logically opposite outputs from the delay interferometer then counter-propagated in a saturated SOA. This process created a differential signal which used all the signal power present in two consecutive symbols. I showed that this scheme could provide an optical alternative to electrical balanced detection by reducing the required OSNR by 3 dB.I also show how this method can provide amplitude regeneration to a signal after modulation format conversion. In this case an RZ-DPSK signal was converted to an amplitude modulation signal by the delay interferometer. The resulting amplitude modulated signal is degraded by both the amplitude noise and the phase noise of the original signal. The two logically opposite outputs from the delay interferometer again counter-propagated in a saturated SOA. Through limiting amplification and noise modulation this scheme provided amplitude regeneration and improved the Q-factor of the demodulated signal by 3.5 dB.Finally I investigated how SPM provided by the SOA can provide a method to reduce the in-band noise of a communication signal. The marks, which represented data, experienced a spectral shift due to SPM while the spaces, which consisted of noise, did not. A bandpass filter placed after the SOA then selected the signal and filtered out what was originally in-band noise. The receiver sensitivity was improved by 3 dB.

The capacity of multiuser wireless network, unclear for many years, has always been a hot research topic. Many different operation schemes and coding techniques have been proposed to enlarge the achievable rate region. And omnidirectional relay scheme is one of them. This thesis mainly works on the achievable region of the all-source all-cast network with omnidirectional relay scheme. In order to better understand this problem, we first describe the half-duplex model on the one-dimensional and two-dimensional regular networks. And we present an optimal operation scheme for them to have the maximum achievable rate. For the one-dimensional general network, we proposed an achievable region that indicates valued improvement compared to the previous results. In the full-duplex model of the one-dimensional general network, the maximum achievable rate is presented with a simpler proof in comparison with the previous results. In this thesis, we also show some discussions on more general networks.

本論文著眼於All-IP網路中的預算分配。我們定義網路的服務品質只與各使用者使用網路頻寬的要求有關，提出一種使管理者能以統計上百分比來估計網路服務品質的方法。這個方法包含路徑選擇以及頻寬分配二個階段。為了展現這種方法的可行性，我們列舉一些數據來分別比較以最大滿意度和最小成本為目標的不同分配結果，作為使用這個方法的參考。 / In this thesis, we focus on budget allocation for All-IP networks. We propose a method which assists managers to estimate the quality of service on networks. The quality of service on networks is defined by satisfaction functions that are simply written in terms of bandwidth required by the users on the network. We present a two-phase approach which includes a path se-lection and a scheme for bandwidth allocation. In order to illustrate an easy implementation of this approach, we also develop the Maximum Satisfaction Method and the Minimum Cost Method. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of our approach.

Thesis--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (p.148-150).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Mar. 6, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.