Calcium aluminate based glasses are interesting because of their unusual optical properties and the fact that they do not contain any traditional glass forming ions. A large focus of the glass literature has been concerned with the study and properties of typical glass forming ions. For this reason, comparatively little is known about the possibility of glass formation and the structure and properties in unusual systems. The present work will describe the limits of glass formation within the calcium aluminate system. The use of non-silicate based stabilizing additives will also be detailed. It has been demonstrated that certain additions to the calcium aluminate system will improve the glass formation tendency without impairing the desired optical properties. The effects of various ions and their impact on the processing and properties of the glasses will be described in the framework of traditional theories of glass formation. Additional optical properties of the calcium aluminate system have also been investigated. Using the Judd-Ofelt model, various spectroscopic properties of calcium aluminate based glasses have been calculated. The stimulated emission cross section, branching ratios, intensity parameters and transition probabilities show interesting variations with compositional manipulations. Attempts to improve the emission cross section will also be described. The structure of calcium aluminate based systems has been studied using NMR and Raman Spectroscopy. The coordination of alumina has been examined with respect to compositional changes. In addition, structural studies have been conducted on calcium aluminate glasses synthesized by the sol-gel method. This method has allowed the formation of higher alumina content glasses. The evolution of structure with heat treatment temperature was followed and a comparison between melt-derived and sol-gel prepared glasses has been made.

No description available.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Münster (Westfalen).

Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Regensburg.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The hydration behavior of the calcium aluminates as a function of the glass content, the curing temperature, and the water-solid ratio was investigated. In order to keep them from influencing the results, the free-lime content and the surface area of all samples were kept constant, whenever possible. Samples were hydrated with a water-solid ratio of 10/1 for periods of 1 to 90 days. Three curing temperatures were studied; 2°C, 25°C, and 50°C. Samples were hydrated in tightly sealed polyethylene containers to prevent reactions with atmospheric carbon dioxide. The hydration was followed by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. Only two samples, Hexacalcium Tetra-alumino Magnesium Silicate and Tricalcium Magnesium Dialuminate, were successfully prepared in an amorphous form. These compounds were used to investigate the effect of glass content on the hydration behavior. Results indicate that when the glass content is increased a corresponding increase is found in the percent combined water. Samples hydrated at 25°C were influenced by changes in the glass content to a greater degree than were those hydrated at either 2°C or 50°C. The effect of the water-solid ratio on the hydration behavior of the calcium aluminates was studied using the compounds; Hexacalcium Tetra-Alumino Magnesium Silicate/ and Dodecacalcium Hepta-Aluminate. In general, samples that were hydrated with large water-solid ratios reacted more completely than did those hydrated with small water-solid ratios. The presence of sufficient water to theoretically hydrate the samples to completion did not guarantee that the sample would do so. The curing temperature influenced the hydration behavior to a greater degree than did the glass content or the water-solid ratio. Increasing the curing temperature not only increased the rate of hydration, but, in some cases, also changed the hydration products.

Realizamos medidas de transmissão no infravermelho (médio e distante) e espelhamos Raman de amostras de GdAlO3 puras e dopadas com Eu+3 para estudarmos as bandas de absorção de fonons K=0 e as transições eletrônicas nos íons Eu+3. Conhecendo-se a simetria do GdAlO3 (D162h) pudemos, utilizando o método da correlação, calcular o número e a simetria dos modos vibracionais, bem como sua classificação em internos e externos. Os resultados experimentais mostram boa concordância com os teóricos e revelam que o GdAlO3 apresenta três regiões distintas no infravermelho, compostas de várias bandas de absorção. Os modos internos estão em torno de 670cm-1 (estiramento) e 480cm-1 (flexão) enquanto que os modos externos localizam-se em torno de 200cm-1. A interação dos estados eletrônicos do Eu+3 com o campo cristalino do GdAlO3 foi estudada inicialmente supondo um campo de simetria Oh e depois introduzindo a distorção ortorrômbica (Cs) de uma maneira perturbativa. Pudemos verificar que a dita distorção levanta totalmente a degenerescência dos níveis 7FJ (J=0,1,...,6) e torna as transições 7F0 → 7FJ permitidas. / IR and Raman measurements were carried out in pure and Eu+3 - doped GdAlO3 with the purpose of understanding their K=O phonom modes and the Eu+3 electronic transitions. Starting from the GdAlO3 symmetry, (D162h) the correlation method allows the classification of the number and symmetries of the modes, as well their assignment as either internal or external. Experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement and show three well defined absorption bands in GdAlO3. The internal modes are found to be located around 670cm-1 (stretching) and 480cm-1 (bending), while the external modes are around 200cm-1. The interaction of Eu+3 electronic states with the GdAlO3 crystal fields were studied by taking into account small perturbative orthorrombic (Cs) distorcion on a crystal field with symmetry Oh. This small distortion lifts completely the degeneracy of the 7FJ (J=0,1,...,6) levels and allows the 7F0 → 7FJ transitions.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / A gelatina comestÃvel usada como precursor orgÃnico no mÃtodo sol-gel protÃico gerou nanopartÃculas de Aluminato de NÃquel (NiAL2O4 ). Foram elaborados seis sÃries de soluÃÃes preparadas com gelatina comestÃvel, Ãgua e sais de Ni (NiCL2.6H2O) e de AL (ALCL3.6H2O) ou (AL(NO3)3 9H2O), sendo a razÃo de Ni:AL de 1:4. Cinco sÃries foram submetidas a secagem e sinterizaÃÃo em temperatura variando de 500ÂC a 1000ÂC com intervalos de 100ÂC sob uma taxa de aquecimento de 10 C/min. A sÃrie restante seguiu o mesmo processo, entretanto foi mantida em temperatura constante de 800ÂC e variando o tempo, sendo doze(12h), nove(9h),seis(6h) e trÃs(3h) horas. Nas temperaturas acima de 700ÂC foram obtidos cristais bastante uniformes de NiAL2O4, mas em geral, na temperatura de 800ÂC foram encontrados os menores tamanhos de partÃcula, atà cerca de 5nm. Com base na difraÃÃo de raios-X (DRX) do material sintetizado foi feitaa caracterizaÃÃo estrutural pelo MÃtodo Rietveld de refinamento, com essa anÃlise foram obtidos parÃmetros estruturais como concentraÃÃo de fases cristalinas, tamanho das partÃculas e a morfologia da estrutura. O tamanho das partÃculas obtido usando a fÃrmula de Scherrer foi comparado com o valor obtido pelo grÃfico de Williamsom-Hall, bem como a microdeformaÃÃo das amostras foi calculada com base nesse grÃfico. Algumas amostras foram submetidas à analise de DSC para determinar as variaÃÃes de energia . Algumas amostras foram submetidas à analise de B.E.T como forma de determinar Ãrea superficial do material, importante parÃmetro para aplicaÃÃo em catÃlise. Observou-se que foi bastante viÃvel a obtenÃÃo do NiAL2O4 via mÃtodo sol-gel protÃico e que o material obtido apresentou boas propriedades para aplicaÃÃo em catÃlise e para indÃstria da pigmentaÃÃo.

The crystal chemistry of Fe doped mayenite (Ca12Al14-xFexO33) samples prepared using solid state and sol-gel synthesis techniques were compared. Five samples were prepared using solid state process with varying Fe concentration (x) where x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.3; two sets of samples were made via the sol-gel, the first set was prepared for studying the amount of Fe substituted by varying the Fe concentration where x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 and the second set was prepared for studying the firing temperature and did not contain Fe additions (x = 0). Samples produced via the sol-gel method were more likely to be single phase with incorporation of Fe2O3 while solid state samples contained multiple phases over the same range of Fe2O3 substitutions. The refined lattice parameters, of samples prepared using both methods were observed to increase with increasing Fe concentration, suggesting Fe is replacing Al since Fe has larger ionic radii than Al. Samples prepared via the sol-gel method were found to be single phase at lower temperatures compared to samples prepared via solid state synthesis. Samples synthesized using the sol-gel method were found to have multiple phases when fired at 800 ˚C but were single phase when fired at 900˚C. In comparison, samples synthesized using traditional solid state techniques showed single phase when fired at a temperature of 1350˚C.