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Dans cette thèse expérimentale sur la physique des mousses liquides, plusieurs thématiques sont abordées ayant pour point commun la mise en évidence du couplage entre les différentes échelles d'organisation de la mousse. La première partie traite plus spécifiquement de physico chimie par la modification de la formulation des solutions utilisées. Nous avons ainsi réalisé des mousses dopées à la laponite, présentant des propriétés inhabituelles. Nous exposons par ailleurs les résultats d'études interfaciales d'un polymère thermosensible, le poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) et d'un tensioactif photosensible (AzoTAB). Dans la seconde partie de cette thèse, nous discutons d'un nouveau protocole de rhéologie appliqué aux mousses ainsi que de propriétés acoustiques de ce matériau.

Cette thèse a pour objet l'optimisation des temps de recherche lors d'une poursuite aléatoire. Cette thèse commence par un modèle simple et idéalisé de recherche par des animaux de cible caché. Ce modèle nous a fourni une relation en lois de puissance entre les temps passés dans chaque état (recherche et déplacement) qui s'accorde bien avec les résultats expérimentaux. Puis, nous avons étudié de façon systématique des modèles intermittents avec mémoire à une dimension du même type que celui utilisé pour les animaux. Cette étude permet de mieux cerner l'intérêt des processus intermittents selon le type de recherche à effectuer. Ensuite, nous avons examiné les processus de recherche intermittents sans mémoire dans le cadre de la réactivité chimique. Nous avons ainsi envisagé deux modèles de recherche intermittente sans mémoire à une dimension. Puis, nous nous sommes intéressé à l'influence d'un confinement géométrique sur les temps de résidence et les propriétés de rencontre entre les partenaires d'une réaction chimique. Nous avons alors montré que les relations géométriques précédemment obtenues pour des marches de Pearson dans des domaines fermés, sont des cas particuliers de relations très générales entre les temps de résidence pour une large classe de processus stochastiques. Enfin, nous avons étudié un processus de recherche intermittent alternant diffusion et téléportation pour un système sphérique continu à d dimensions et un réseau régulier. Les exemples d'application sont le transport à travers des membranes biologiques et la catalyse hétérogène. Nous avons alors montré que l'intermittence pouvait permettre de réduire considérablement le temps de recherche si la nature physique du chercheur et de son environnement rend possible de réaliser une alternance entre ces deux régimes.

This study examines the relationship between voluntary associations and the psychological well-being of older people through path analysis. The goals of the study were: (1) to ascertain whether differential research findings are due to measurement artifact, (2) to evaluate the assertions of traditional activity theory versus those of a modified activity theory taking quality into account, and (3) to isolate factors which contribute to and/or mediate the relationship of voluntary-association participation and psychological well-being. Analysis was conducted at two levels. First, a model was developed to study individual participation in voluntary associations, satisfaction with participation, and well-being. Second, a model was developed to examine types of volimtary associations and their effects on satisfaction with participation and on well-being. Subjects were 50 members of voluntary associations who were recruited from target groups in the Durham, North Carolina area. There were 26 males and 24 females. They ranged in age from 61 to 90. The results of the individual path analysis indicate that differential findings due to measurement artifact is likely. After controlling for the effects of health, education, income, and social desirability bias in the model, voluntary-association activity as measured by the Chapin scale was significantly correlated with psychological well-being as measured by the Bradburn scale; however, measurement of volantary-association activity by an average number of meetings measure was not correlated significantly with any measure of well-being. In addition, the Chapin measure did not correlate significantly with the LSI-Z or with the Cantril Ladder. The examination of traditional activity theory versus modified activity theory was somewhat inconclusive, although the results did suggest that mere participation may have effects on psychological well-being that are equal to or greater than the effects of satisfaction with participation. The results of the voluntary association path analysis indicate that their characteristics have consequences both for satisfaction with voluntary associations and for psychological well-being. People who belonged to larger groups were significantly more satisfied with those groups and also were significantly happier. Also, even though people who belonged to age-graded groups were slightly more satisfied with these groups, they were significantly less happy. In addition, people who belonged to church-related groups were slightly more satisfied with these groups, but were significantly less happy. Finally, people who belonged to instrumental groups were slightly less satisfied with these groups than with more expressive groups and were slightly less happy. Discussion focused on possible explanations for the findings. It was suggested that a "happiness" measure seems more sensitive to effects such as those of voluntary-association activity. As for satisfaction with voluntary associations, it was acknowledged that the mere fact that respondents are taking an active part in life may be a key factor to their well-being. As explanations for the findings related to size of voluntary associations, it was suggested that large group activity may be less emotionally demanding and/or may allow contact with more potential friends. For age-graded groups, it was suggested that many older people may maintain a view of themselves as "younger" as the result of non-age-graded activities. For church- related groups, it was suggested that prior findings are due to the relationship between religiosity and well-being rather than characteristics of such groups. Finally, for the instrumental-expressive variable, it was suggested that older people such as in this sample may not value "feeling useful" as much as has been thought. Suggestions for future research included alternative methods of measuring association satisfaction, longitudinal analysis with representative sampling, and further investigation of voluntary-association characteristics. / This thesis was digitized as part of a project begun in 2014 to increase the number of Duke psychology theses available online. The digitization project was spearheaded by Ciara Healy.

Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira / Banca: Juliana Álvares Duarte Bonini Campos / Banca: Maria Márcia Pereira Sartori / Resumo: A avaliação do padrão alimentar vem emergindo como uma alternativa nos estudos de epidemiologia nutricional, substituindo as pesquisas baseadas em análise de nutrientes isolados. No entanto, a subnotificação da ingestão, que é fortemente evidenciada entre indivíduos com excesso de peso, influencia a avaliação do consumo energético e pode, consequentemente, induzir a um padrão de consumo alimentar diferente quando comparado ao padrão de consumo de pessoas notificadoras plausíveis. Uma vez que estudos sobre o padrão alimentar ainda não foram avaliados sob a ótica da subnotificação, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da subnotificação do consumo no padrão alimentar, discriminado por grupos alimentares e por nutrientes específicos, entre mulheres obesas da fila de espera da cirurgia bariátrica. Os resultados obtidos foram discutidos em dois artigos científicos, sendo que o primeiro evidenciou a diferença nos padrões alimentares discriminados por contribuição energética diária dos subgrupos alimentares entre as mulheres notificadoras e subnotificadoras do consumo alimentar, e o segundo evidenciou as diferenças entre os grupos de mulheres para os padrões de consumo e itens dos subgrupos alimentares, ambos discriminados pelos nutrientes. Participaram do estudo 412 candidatas à cirurgia bariátrica da Clínica Bariátrica de Piracicaba-SP, Brasil. Dados referentes às informações gerais, e medidas antropométricas foram coletados e utilizados para os cálculos preditivos de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Gasto Energético de Repouso (GER) e Necessidade Energética Total (NET). As informações de consumo alimentar e Nível de Atividade Física (NAF) preditivos foram utilizadas na classificação das mulheres quanto a plausibilidade da notificação do consumo alimentar, confrontando... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Assessment of food patterns has emerged as an alternative in nutritional epidemiology studies, replacing studies based on analysis of individual nutrients. However, food intake underreporting, very common among individuals with excess weight, affects the assessment of energy intake and may, consequently, induce a food intake pattern different from that of plausible energy reporters. Since food pattern studies have not yet been done from the underreporting viewpoint, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of underreporting on the specific food groups and nutrients consumed by obese women waiting for bariatric surgery. The results were discussed in two scientific articles. The first article evidenced the difference between the food patterns of reporters and underreporters according to the daily energy contribution of different food subgroups. The second article evidenced the differences in intake patterns and items in food subgroups, both according to nutrients, between the two groups of women. A total of 412 bariatric surgery candidates of the Bariatric Clinic of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, participated in the study. General information and anthropometric measurements were collected and used for calculating body mass index (BMI) and predicting resting energy expenditure (REE) and total energy requirement (TER). Food intake and physical activity level (PAL) were used for classifying women regarding the plausibility of the reported food intake, confronting the ratio of reported energy intake EIrep to REE with PAL (EIrep:REE=PAL), considering the variances of this equation's components. Food subgroups were determined by the Brazilian Food Guide. The food patterns of both groups of women were discriminated according to the food subgroups predefined by exploratory... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Object recognition is imperfect; often incomplete processing or deprived information yield misperceptions (i.e., misidentification) of objects. While quickly rectified and typically benign, instances of such errors can produce dangerous consequences (e.g., police shootings). Through a series of experiments, this study examined the competitive process of multiple object interpretations (candidates) during the earlier stages of object recognition process using a lexical decision task paradigm. Participants encountered low-pass filtered objects that were previously demonstrated to evoke multiple responses: a highly frequented interpretation (“primary candidates”) and a lesser frequented interpretation (“secondary candidates”). When objects were presented without context, no facilitative effects were observed for primary candidates. However, secondary candidates demonstrated evidence for being actively suppressed. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

The present study identifies settlement patterns of the Manteño culture within the cloud forest of southern Manabí by surveying, recording and analyzing the stone architecture found within the drainage basin of the Las Tusas River, Ecuador. The statistical methods used were: Triangulated Irregular Networks or TIN (for topography interpretations), K-means (to determine natural groups for structures based on their dimensions, shape, and wall thickness), Ripley’s K (to determine spatial nature of these groups) and Kernel Density (to visualize their spatial organization). The cloud forest ecotone of southern Manabí was an anthropogenic landscape during the late Integration period. The alluvial valleys of the upper Rio Blanco drainage basin do not represent a hinterland or a periphery occupation but a series of Manteño nucleated settlements raised on terraces and interconnected by strings of linear settlements and dispersed settlements throughout the rugged terrain of this landscape. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2018. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Ho Chao Yang. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-163). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgment --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xiv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Automatic Document Categorization --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Information Filtering --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Contributions --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Related Work --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Existing Automatic Document Categorization Approaches --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Rule-Based Approach --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Similarity-Based Approach --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Existing Information Filtering Approaches --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Information Filtering Systems --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Filtering in TREC --- p.21 / Chapter 3 --- Document Pre-Processing --- p.23 / Chapter 3.1 --- Document Representation --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2 --- Classification Scheme Learning Strategy --- p.26 / Chapter 4 --- A New Approach - IBRI --- p.31 / Chapter 4.1 --- Overview of Our New IBRI Approach --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- The IBRI Representation and Definitions --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3 --- The IBRI Learning Algorithm --- p.37 / Chapter 5 --- IBRI Experiments --- p.43 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental Setup --- p.43 / Chapter 5.2 --- Evaluation Metric --- p.45 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.46 / Chapter 6 --- A New Approach - GIS --- p.50 / Chapter 6.1 --- Motivation of GIS --- p.50 / Chapter 6.2 --- Similarity-Based Learning --- p.51 / Chapter 6.3 --- The Generalized Instance Set Algorithm (GIS) --- p.58 / Chapter 6.4 --- Using GIS Classifiers for Classification --- p.63 / Chapter 6.5 --- Time Complexity --- p.64 / Chapter 7 --- GIS Experiments --- p.68 / Chapter 7.1 --- Experimental Setup --- p.68 / Chapter 7.2 --- Results --- p.73 / Chapter 8 --- A New Information Filtering Approach Based on GIS --- p.87 / Chapter 8.1 --- Information Filtering Systems --- p.87 / Chapter 8.2 --- GIS-Based Information Filtering --- p.90 / Chapter 9 --- Experiments on GIS-based Information Filtering --- p.95 / Chapter 9.1 --- Experimental Setup --- p.95 / Chapter 9.2 --- Results --- p.100 / Chapter 10 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.108 / Chapter 10.1 --- Conclusions --- p.108 / Chapter 10.2 --- Future Work --- p.110 / Chapter A --- Sample Documents in the corpora --- p.111 / Chapter B --- Details of Experimental Results of GIS --- p.120 / Chapter C --- Computational Time of Reuters-21578 Experiments --- p.141

Yuen, Sze Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [44]-46). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Thesis Committee --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Related Work --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Nearest Neighbor Search on Precise Data --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- NN Search on Uncertain Data --- p.8 / Chapter 3 --- Problem Definitions and Basic Characteristics --- p.11 / Chapter 4 --- The Full-Graph Approach --- p.16 / Chapter 5 --- The Pipeline Approach --- p.19 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Algorithm --- p.20 / Chapter 5.2 --- Edge Phase --- p.24 / Chapter 5.3 --- Pruning Phase --- p.27 / Chapter 5.4 --- Validating Phase --- p.28 / Chapter 5.5 --- Discussion --- p.29 / Chapter 6 --- Extension --- p.31 / Chapter 7 --- Experiment --- p.34 / Chapter 7.1 --- Properties of the SNN-core --- p.34 / Chapter 7.2 --- Efficiency of Our Algorithms --- p.38 / Chapter 8 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.42 / Chapter A --- List of Publications --- p.43 / Bibliography --- p.44

by Fung Tze Wa. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-96). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract in English --- p.i / Abstract in Chinese --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv-vi / List of Figures --- p.vii-ix / List of Tables --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Motivation --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Purposes of this Research --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Contribution of this Research --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of the Thesis --- p.9 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review And Research Issues / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Spatial Access Methods --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- R-Tree --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- R*-Tree --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- R+-Tree --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3 --- Spatial Network Analysis --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4 --- Nearest Neighbor Queries --- p.23 / Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Data Preparation / Chapter 3.1 --- "Introduction (XML, GML), XML indexing" --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2 --- Spatial data from Lands Department --- p.31 / Chapter 3.3 --- Graph representation for Road Network data --- p.32 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- XML Indexing for Spatial Data / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.36 / Chapter 4.2 --- STR Packed R-Tree --- p.38 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Implementation --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Experimental Result --- p.41 / Chapter 4.3 --- Summary --- p.48 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Spatial Network / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.50 / Chapter 5.2 --- CCAM: Connectivity-Clustered Access Method --- p.53 / Chapter 5.3 --- Shortest Path in Spatial Network --- p.56 / Chapter 5.4 --- A New Algorithm Specially for Partitioning /Clustering Network --- p.63 / Chapter 5.5 --- A New Simple heuristic for Shortest Path Problem for Spatial Network --- p.70 / Chapter 5.6 --- Summary --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Nearest Neighbor Queries / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.76 / Chapter 6.2 --- Modified Algorithm for Nearest Neighbor Queries --- p.78 / Chapter 6.3 --- Summary --- p.83 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion and Future Work / Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusion --- p.84 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.85 / Appendix Space Driven Algorithm / Chapter A.1 --- Introduction --- p.87 / Chapter A.2 --- Fixed Grid --- p.88 / Chapter A.3 --- Z-curve --- p.89 / Chapter A.4 --- Hilbert curve --- p.90 / Chapter A.5 --- Conclusion --- p.91 / Bibliography --- p.92