Submitted by Ivan Thomaz Leite de Oliveira (ivan.oliveiracs@gmail.com) on 2018-09-17T17:46:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DEFININDO ATITUDES: sindicalismo de intenção revolucionária e as Escolas Modernas de São Paulo (1900 - 1919).pdf: 997824 bytes, checksum: 18a435c6255f285d3f6cfce136edc8a2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-09-17T19:08:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_itl_me_mar.pdf: 997824 bytes, checksum: 18a435c6255f285d3f6cfce136edc8a2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-17T19:08:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_itl_me_mar.pdf: 997824 bytes, checksum: 18a435c6255f285d3f6cfce136edc8a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-28 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A pesquisa apresentada questiona se, no movimento sindical nas duas primeiras décadas do século XX, no Brasil, havia posições estratégicas que influenciaram o grupo de militantes que coordenaram as escolas modernas na cidade de São Paulo? Partindo da bibliografia que sugere uma dissonância no grupo de diretores das escolas, trabalhamos com a hipótese de que os debates entre anarquistas partidários do anarcossindicalismo e do sindicalismo revolucionário no movimento operário reverberaram na atuação do grupo de militantes responsáveis pelas escolas modernas de São Paulo. Para buscar essa vinculação, é preciso delinear de maneira rigorosa a incidência do anarcossindicalismo no movimento operário brasileiro – majoritariamente sindicalista revolucionário - no período analisado e a integração das iniciativas no campo da educação a uma proposta mais ampla de transformação social construída na prática politica do anarquismo organizacionista. Com esses elementos buscaremos estabelecer um quadro social, econômico e político que situe o movimento operário no Brasil, dando enfoque a cidade de São Paulo e de modo superficial à cidade de Santos. Orientamos nossa pesquisa a esses lugares por sediarem as Escolas Modernas e os episódios mais relevantes para o desenvolvimento da hipótese de trabalho levantada que diz respeito influência dos embates estratégicos do movimento operário sobre a atuação do grupo de militantes e professores a frente das escolas, Florentino de Carvalho, João Penteado e Adelino de Pinho. Nesse sentido, além da capital, a cidade de Santos e os elementos relativos a classe trabalhadora e ao movimento operário desta são importantes para a analise uma vez que Florentino de Carvalho atuou e manteve contato decisivo com as concepções e práticas do movimento operário e dos anarquistas santistas. / The research presented questions whether there were strategic positions in the syndicalist movement in the first two decades of the twentieth century in Brazil that influenced the group of militants who coordinated the Escolas Modernas in the city of São Paulo. Starting from the bibliography that suggests a dissonance in the group of school directors, we work with the hypothesis that the debates between anarchists in favor of the finalism (anarcho-syndicalism) and of the revolutionary syndicalism in the labor movement reverberated in the action of the group of militants responsible for the Escolas Modernas of São Paulo. In order to seek this link, it is necessary to rigorously delineate the incidence of finalism (anarcho-syndicalism) in the Brazilian labor movement - predominantly revolutionary syndicalist - during the analyzed period and the integration of initiatives in the field of education with a broader proposal of social transformation built in the political practice of anarchism organizationist. With these elements we will seek to establish a social, economic and political framework that places the labor movement in Brazil, focusing on the city of São Paulo and superficially on the city of Santos. We orient our research to these places by hosting the Escolas Modernas and the most relevant episodes for the development of the hypothesis of work raised that concerns the influence of the strategic struggles of the labor movement on the performance of the group of activists and teachers in front of the schools, Florentino de Carvalho, João Penteado and Adelino de Pinho. In this sense, besides the capital, the city of Santos and the elements related to the working class and the labor movement of this one are important for the analysis since Florentino de Carvalho worked and maintained decisive contact with the conceptions and practices of the labor movement and the anarchists from Santos. / FAPESP: 2016/10828-4

L'Association internationale des travailleurs, fondée en 1922, est la principale fédération d'organisations anarcho-syndicalistes, un courant important du mouvement ouvrier, essentiellement en Europe et en Amérique latine entre les années 1910 et 1930. Les collectivisations révolutionnaires en Espagne au cours de la guerre civile constituent sa plus grande réalisation, tandis qu'un déclin du mouvement s'est déjà amorcé dans les autres pays. Confrontés à leur propre mise en pratique, les principes, tactiques et finalités anarcho-syndicalistes commencent alors à être mis en question. Cette thèse étudie les causes et manifestations de la crise qui commence à ce moment, et dure tout au long du XXe siècle, entraînant sa division et sa marginalisation ; en même temps que ses résurgences multiformes. Elle permet d'entrevoir les transformations de l'AIT, du courant et de la culture qu'elle représente, ainsi que les raisons de leur persistance. / The International Workers Association was founded in 1922, and is the historical and largest organisation of anarcho-syndicalism, one of the major working class currents, mainly in Europe and Latin America between the 1910 and 1930 decades. The collectivizations in Spain during the civil war represent its biggest fulfillment, while in the other countries the movement allready started to decline. The practical application of the anarcho-syndicalist principles, tactics and aims leads to various re-assessments and internal conflicts. This thesis studies the causes and manifestations of the long term crisis which starts at this moment and goes on throughout the whole XXth century. At the same time as anarcho-syndicalism divides and marginalizes itself, multiform resurgences occurs. This overview enables to discern the transformations of the IWA, of the current and the culture it embodies, and the reasons of their persistence.

This dissertation investigates the internal struggles within the labour movement in Dalarna at the beginning of the twentieth century. I investigate Social Democracy, Anarcho-Syndicalism and Communism, the three major factions of the working class. I study the relationship between these organisations and their supporters in the complex socio-economic area of Dalarna. I have based my study on the three party programs and their answer to two central questions of the time: Will the conflicts of society lead to revolution? and How should politics and production be organised in the non capitalist society to come? Generally, anarcho-syndicalists argue that state power must be transformed to local government, social democrats hope to make different social interests compromise into political consensus. Communists want a proletarian state through social revolution. How were those ideologies received in Dalarna? In the beginning, anarchists fought social democrats: The opposition excluded from social democracy 1917 was also more influenced by anarchism than by communism. The opposition founded a party, witch towards the 1920´s turned from anarchism into communism, and the small farmers, that erlier had been attracted by the anarchist influenced rural propaganda, left and more industrial workers joined. Simultaneously, anarchists reorganised from a political party to a syndicalistic trade union, gradually mowing from the industrialised south to northern Dalarna. Communists, mainly left in the industrialised south, were shaken by two splits in the 1920´s and they lost their ability to compete with the social democrats in democratic elections. In Dalarna, social democrats, confronting anti-parliamentary anarchy and totalitarian communism alike, won the contest within the labour movement: At the end of the period, they dominated the area.