Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is described as a series of mutations within the lamin A gene leading to the accumulation of progerin in the nucleus, contributing to premature aging and affecting the epigenetic control. Epigenetic control, such as DNA methylation, relies on DNA methyltransferase enzymes. In human cells, heat shock (HS) leads to the formation of nuclear stress bodies (nSBs); ribonucleoprotein aggregates of Sat III RNA and RNA-binding proteins. The objectives of this study were to determine if epigenetic status induces varying responses to HS and assess the variability of nuclear proteins in similar conditions. Results show epigenetic modifications do not prevent a stress response; however the extent may be affected. In addition the functions of most nuclear antigens were not affected. It is most likely the sum of interactions at the inner nuclear membrane and nuclear lamina interface that result in nuclear strength pertaining to lamin A.

Le ribosome est responsable de la traduction des ARNm en protéines. Au sein du ribosome, les ARNr jouent un rôle central dans la traduction, et leurs modifications post-transcriptionnelles moduleraient l'activité traductionnelle du ribosome, impactant ainsi sur l'expression génique. Les ARNr humains contiennent 106 2'-O-méthylations, ajoutées par la fibrillarine (FBL). FBL fonctionne au sein d'un complexe snoRNP contenant les protéines Nop56, Nop58, 15.5kDa et un petit ARN nucléolaire (snoARN) à boîte C/D. La régulation de l'activité de la FBL et du complexe snoRNP à boîte C/D ne sont pas connus. Ce travail a exploité des données structurales de FBL et du complexe de méthylation pour construire un modèle permettant d'explorer les relations ses structure-fonction. L'impact de l'acétylation de FBL a également été exploré. Le 5-fluorouracile (5-FU) est un analogue de l'uracile, dont la cytotoxicité dépend de son altération du métabolisme des ARNr. Le 5-FU inhibe la maturation des ARNr et altère la localisation de plusieurs facteurs nucléolaires, dont FBL. Ce travail montre que le 5-FU induit une nouvelle acétylation de FBL en position K292. De plus, le 5-FU réduit l'association de FBL avec les membres protéiques du complexe de méthylation, et induit une baisse globale de ses interactions. De plus, ce travail propose un rôle nouveau de la déacétylase SIRT7 et de l'acétyltransférase CBP sur le complexe de méthylation. Ces enzymes semblent aussi participer aux dérégulations du complexe de méthylation induites par le 5-FU. L'ensemble de ces résultats supportent l'implication des modifications post-traductionnelles dans la régulation du complexe de méthylation des ARNr / The ribosome is responsible for the translation of mRNA into proteins. Within the ribosome, rRNAs play a crucial role in translation, and their post-transcriptional modifications regulate the ribosome’s translational activity and impact on gene expression. The human ribosome contains 106 2’-O-methylations added by fibrillarin (FBL). FBL functions through a box C/D snoRNP complex consisting of Nop56, Nop58 and 15.5kDa along with a box C/D small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA). The regulation of FBL ad the C/D box snoRNP complexe are unknown. This work exploitated strtuctural data on FBL and the methylation complex to build a model allowing the extrapolation of structure-function relationships. The impact of FBL acetylation was also investigated. 5-FU is a uracile analog, and its cytotoxicity depends mostly on its alteration of RNA metabolism. As such, 5-FU inhibits rRNA maturation and alters the localization of nucleolar factors such as FBL. 5-FU induced a novel FBL acetylation at position K292, decreased FBL interaction with the methylation complex proteins, and induced a large scale inhibition of its interactions. This discovered a new role of the deacetylase and the acetyltransferase CBP on snoRNP integrity. Moreover, this work suggests that these enzyme participate in the 5-FU-induced alteration of snoRNP. s. This work supports the involvement of post-translational modifications in the regulation of the rRNA C/D box snoRNP 2’-O-methylation complex

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is described as a series of mutations within the lamin A gene leading to the accumulation of progerin in the nucleus, contributing to premature aging and affecting the epigenetic control. Epigenetic control, such as DNA methylation, relies on DNA methyltransferase enzymes. In human cells, heat shock (HS) leads to the formation of nuclear stress bodies (nSBs); ribonucleoprotein aggregates of Sat III RNA and RNA-binding proteins. The objectives of this study were to determine if epigenetic status induces varying responses to HS and assess the variability of nuclear proteins in similar conditions. Results show epigenetic modifications do not prevent a stress response; however the extent may be affected. In addition the functions of most nuclear antigens were not affected. It is most likely the sum of interactions at the inner nuclear membrane and nuclear lamina interface that result in nuclear strength pertaining to lamin A.