The thesis looks at trends in British economic growth, capital accumulation and profitability from 1873 to 1973. It divides into three parts. The first considers the historical origins of modem growth theory, and provides a critique of Neoclassical 'marginal productivity' categories. The second investigates the concepts underlying national accounting estimation of 'output', 'capital' and 'profit', and offers an alternative estimate of long-run capital outlay/GDP ratios, and the rate of return, for the British economy after 1873. The third part breaks the period down into three consecutive phases; 1873-1914, the interwar years and the post-1945 period up to 1973. It looks first at the controversy surrounding the 'Great Depression, 1873- 96', and the view that a 'climacteric' is better located in the Edwardian era, arguing that trends in profits and prices, not output and employment, marked out the former period as depressed. The chapter on the interwar years highlights the deceleration in capital outlay dating from the Edwardian era, and views the 1930s recovery as predicated upon a restoration of profitability, rather than a 'Keynesian' expansion of aggregate demand. In the penultimate chapter, the GDP acceleration witnessed during the 1950s and 1960s is linked, neither to Keynesian 'multiplier' effects of increased state expenditure nor to a spontaneous working out of market-driven technological influences. Instead, the trans-World War Two rise in the rate of return provided the catalyst for high GDP growth in the early 1950s, while key institutional transformations enabled continuity of the 'Golden Age' during the 1960s, despite diminishing rates of return to capital.

This Master thesis is devoted to research of the economic development of Kazakhstan based on the economy of oil. This study is an attempt to analyze the relationship between oil price, GDP, inflation and oil exports in Kazakhstan on the basis of quarterly data from 2000Q1 to 2010Q4. We explored the role of oil price for the Kazakhstani economy by using time-series Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach. Moreover, we applied the Johansen cointegration test to examine the sensitivity of economic growth to changes of oil prices in the long term. The key result shows that oil price shock has no significant impact on real economic growth in Kazakhstan. However, the price of oil has significantly positive effect on GDP in the short-term. In addition, we investigated a relationship between FDI and economic growth of Kazakhstan. Foreign direct investment plays a significant role in the development of republic. For the analysis we used the annual data for the period 1993 to 2011 (almost from the period of independence of Kazakhstan). Regression analysis of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was used in analyzing the data. Based on the empirical results, the analysis shows that there is a positive relationship between the FDI and economic growth. Our findings confirmed that Kazakhstan as a new developing...

During the year of 2008, the world has experienced historically high oil prices reaching an all time high of 147 USD per barrel in midsummer. The extreme volatility of what is consider the number one source of energy reopened discussions about energy sustainability and the plausible effects of an oil shock in the global economy.   How reliable oil price is as an economic variable predicting fluctuations in GDP growth remains controversial. Several models have been developed by scholars targeting different relations between oil price and GDP growth, from its effects on stock markets to its effect to unemployment. The authors extended the model of Mork & Olson (1994) since it focuses on the consequences that an oil shock effect on GDP growth. The model is extended from 1993 to the third quarter of the year 2008 in order to draw conclusions and test crude oil prices fluctuations affect GDP growth in the modern economy.   The U.S.A and Sweden were chosen to compare their GDP sensitiveness to oil price volatility. The reason is that the U.S.A remains as the largest economy and consumes 25% of the oil produced in the world and is the most oil dependent among developed countries according to the EIA. Sweden on the contrary energy efficient and consumes relatively less oil per capita than many developed countries, it is also believed to be one of the most progressive countries in developing and using renewable energy resources and therefore less sensitive. The bivariate results does not show a pattern of negative correlations for Sweden between GDP growth and real oil price increases, however the U.S.A showed to be more sensitive to oil price increases.

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<p>During the year of 2008, the world has experienced historically high oil prices reaching an all time high of 147 USD per barrel in midsummer. The extreme volatility of what is consider the number one source of energy reopened discussions about energy sustainability and the plausible effects of an oil shock in the global economy.</p><p> </p><p>How reliable oil price is as an economic variable predicting fluctuations in GDP growth remains controversial. Several models have been developed by scholars targeting different relations between oil price and GDP growth, from its effects on stock markets to its effect to unemployment. The authors extended the model of Mork & Olson (1994)<strong> </strong>since it focuses on the consequences that an oil shock effect on GDP growth. The model is extended from 1993 to the third quarter of the year 2008 in order to draw conclusions and test crude oil prices fluctuations affect GDP growth in the modern economy.</p><p> </p><p>The U.S.A and Sweden were chosen to compare their GDP sensitiveness to oil price volatility. The reason is that the U.S.A remains as the largest economy and consumes 25% of the oil produced in the world and is the most oil dependent among developed countries according to the EIA. Sweden on the contrary energy efficient and consumes relatively less oil per capita than many developed countries, it is also believed to be one of the most progressive countries in developing and using renewable energy resources and therefore less sensitive. The bivariate results does not show a pattern of negative correlations for Sweden between GDP growth and real oil price increases, however the U.S.A showed to be more sensitive to oil price increases.</p><p> </p>

This study uses panel data to advance international business literature about the efficiency with which Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows to developed countries create employment compared to developing countries. It is argued that the economic activity of a host economy in the growth of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) facilitates its ability to attract FDI. The importance of this relationship lies in the components that make the GDP a composite measure and has wide-ranging implications on governance, effectiveness and efficiency of a host country. The analysis of data confirmed the hypothesis on the efficiency of developed economies in creating employment from FDI inflows. The study further presents a detailed case, analysed from data, on the relationship between economic activities of major industrial sectors in South Africa and their ability to attract foreign investments. Furthermore, the extent to which the foreign investment creates employment in proportion to the FDI inflow is examined. The study findings support a positive relationship with GDP – FDI and employment. While similar trends were seen on industrial sectors, a declining growth in employment and FDI inflow were noticeable in South Africa. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

This thesis will determine the factors that have affected the economy in the countries from ex-Yugoslavia. A couple of regression analyses will test the correlation between GDP Growth or GDP per Capita and twelve independent variables. The analyses tell us that high import ratio, low inflation and not being in an intrastate war are associated with high GDP Growth, where high political rights, being a member of the European Union or having a status as a Candidate Country are associated with high GDP per Capita. The explanation for the different result might be the catch up effect.

This thesis compares MIDAS regressions, introduced in Ghysels, Santa-Clara and Valkanov (2002), to the RAMSES model, used by the Riksbank,in forecasting Swedish quarterly output growth (GDP). Using Swedish GPDdata from 1993Q1 and onwards, we compare forecasts for the period 2010Q1to 2011Q4, and we show that for longer forecast horizons (commonly usedby the Riksbank for monetary policy decisions), such as two and three yearsahead in time, the MIDAS regressions clearly outperforms the RAMSESmodel. For shorter horizons the results are not conclusive.KEYWORDS: MIDAS, GDP, forecasting, Sveriges Riksbank

Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the relationship between the cities’ GDP and prices. We would like to find out the differences between China Telecom’s broadband prices and areas. If there are differences, are those differences considered from the cities’ GDP? The outcome of this dissertation will provide information about new project price of China Telecom after Network three in one. Design/methodology/approach: The study deals with the relationship between China Telecom Company telecommunication prices and areas. This refers to the use of China Telecom Company’s broadband prices and the information from three different areas. The hypotheses are tested with survey data from three different areas in China. Findings: The results show that the cities’ GDP and the price of China Telecom service are related. Originality/value: This thesis will explore the influencing factors the price in telecommunication industry.

The construction industry is one of the largest industries in the United States and in the world. The U.S. construction industry accounted for 4.5% of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2006, and 8% of the workforce. Thus, the relationship between GDP, population, and construction volume could show an impact on the number of construction fatalities. The results of this study showed that an increase in GDP is an indicator of an increase in construction volume as well as an increase in population at the state level. The study also shows that an increase in these variables has led to an increase in construction related work fatalities. The relationship between these four variables and union membership (approximated by each state's right to work laws) was also investigated. It is concluded that population is a strong predictor of fatalities. Statistically the union states have a lower fatality rate than non-union (right to work) states.