Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-09-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:41:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 matai_cvb_dr_sjc.pdf: 864830 bytes, checksum: 252433555b8c9e4e86410c5c753a2004 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As tomografias computadorizadas (TCs) tridimensionais (3D) solucionaram em grande parte as inconveniências da sobreposição de estruturas anatômicas comuns aos exames radiográficos convencionais (2D). O propósito neste trabalho foi avaliar por meio da Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) qual região oferece maior volume ósseo, se a região de mento ou a região de ramo da mandíbula. Foram selecionados 100 exames de TCFC, de indivíduos com idade de 18 a 89 anos do sexo masculino (50) e do feminino (50) com necessidade de realizar cirurgia para enxertia óssea autógena. Os exames foram avaliados por dois radiologistas treinados, para quantificar o volume ósseo das regiões potencialmente doadoras, que foram avaliadas por diferentes orientações para delimitação do volume potencial do leito doador, utilizando um software para avaliação. Sendo posteriormente avaliados pela análise estatística t de Student, teste de Tukey, correlacionando as diferenças estatísticamente significantes (p < 0,05) entre a avaliação das região mensuradas, por métodos diferentes. Verificou-se o maior potencial doador encontrado na região mentual, chegando a atingir o volume médio de 1,59cm3 contra 1,07cm3 a região de ramo. Concluímos que a região mentual, entre os dentes caninos inferiores, proporciona maior volume ósseo e assim como na revisão da literatura, encontramos maior volume ósseo para a região mentual quando comparada as outras regiões doadoras intraorais, avaliadas neste trabalho. E que a seleção do leito doador de enxerto ósseo autógeno intraoral deve ser principalmente julgada de acordo com o conhecimento anatômico da região eletiva e o domínio técnico/prático cirúrgico do Cirurgião / Computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional largely solved the inconvenience of overlapping anatomical accidents common to conventional radiographic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) the region that offers larger bone volume, the ramus or chin region. Were selected according to the criteria of inclusion and non inclusion, 100 CBCT scans of individuals aged 18-89 years old males (50) and female (50) with need for surgery for autogenous grafting, belonging to a particular clinical CT. The studies were evaluated by two trained radiologists in the program OsiriX ® 4.1.2V to quantify bone volume of potential donor regions, which were evaluated by different guidelines, defining the potential volume of the donor site. Further evaluated by statistical analysis Student's t and Tukey's test, that comproove statistically significant differences (p < 0,05) between the evaluations of the same region by different methods. With the largest potential donor found in the chin region, reaching an volume average of 1,59 cm3 against 1,07 cm3 the ramus region

My research focuses on the emotional experience of the unearthing of ancestral bones for local Māori of Matata. The coastal town of Matata in the Eastern Bay of Plenty provides a central case study location as it is a town that is facing the pressure of coastal residential development as well the added strain of dealing with the 2005 flood which has compounded issues over local waahi tapu. Local iwi have continued to actively advocate for the protection of these sites especially with regard to the ongoing discovery of ancestral bones. Cultural and emotional geographies provide the theoretical framework for this research. This framework has been particularly useful as it encourages reflexive commentary and alternative ways of approaching and thinking about, and understanding knowledge. I have incorporated the research paradigm of kaupapa Māori which complements my theoretical framework by producing a research design that is organised and shaped according to tikanga Māori while (in) advertently critiquing and challenging traditional ways of conducting research. The overall aim is to explore the current issues surrounding the discovery of ancestral bones through korero with local iwi members. It is through their perspectives, stories, beliefs and opinions that provide a better understanding of the meanings attributed to waahi tapu and the influence of certain events such as the 2005 flood. I examine, critically the relationship between power, sacred sites, bones and the body. It is from these objectives that I contribute to an area of scholarship that has been largely left out from geographical enquiry. I suggest that the importance of sacredness and spirituality has been relatively overlooked as an influential factor in people's perceptions of the world around them. This thesis is intended to demonstrate the value of indigenous perspectives of bones, the body and sacredness as a way of better understanding some of the complexities that can arise when cross-cultural approaches collide in environmental planning. There are three main themes that have emerged from this research. The first theme has to do with competing knowledges. To Māori, the location and knowledge of ancestral bones is culturally important and is in its self sacred, therefore certain tikanga is applied as a means of a protection mechanism. However this ideologically clashes with traditional scientific western approaches which are privileged over other alternative ways of understanding knowledge, in this case Māori knowledge. The second related theme concerns the process of boundary making and cross-cultural ways of perceiving 'sacred' and 'everyday' spaces. To better understand these perspectives involves acknowledging the embodied and emotional experience of wāhi tapu to Māori, and the active role of kaitiaki in the protection and careful management of these culturally important spaces.

Bibliography: leaves 169-197. Hypothesises that the physis has an internal mechanism of repair to restore physeal function. Aims to establish a defined degree of deformity by partial growth plate excision, then to examine different methods of reversal of such deformity to observe the process of growth plate repair. A secondary aim was to define the percentage of physis that could be resected yet still enable reversal of deformity.

Background: Bone-grafting materials are required in orthopaedic surgery to treat bone defects. Bone formation assessment is required for the development of new strategies and approaches and for quality assurance and quality control of currently available materials. Approaches to the assessment of bone formation are yet to be systematically established, quantified and standardized. Aims: the overall aim of this study was to establish a set of comprehensive quantitative approaches for the assessment of bone formation and to evaluate the role of osteoblastic cells, growth factors, and scaffolds on this process. Materials & methods: both in vitro and in vivo parameters for osteoblast phenotype and bone formation were tested in osteosarcoma cell lines, Saos-2 and U2OS cells, mesenchymal cell line, C2C12 cells, primary adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs), platelet rich plasma (PRP), and morselized bone grafts. The in vitro parameters used were measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, detection of bone nodules and biomineralization, and quantification of immunocytochemistry and conventional RT-PCR of osteoblast genotyping. In vivo parameters involved ectopic bone formation in nude mice and nude rats and a tibial defect model in nude rats. Histomorphometric and quantitative immunohistochemical analyses were also performed. Results: The in vitro characterization and ectopic bone formation capabiltity of Saos-2 and U2OS cells have been established. Saos-2 cell line, which presents many osteoblast genotype and phenotype, is a stable positive control for both in vitro and in vivo bone formation assessments. The measurement of ALP activity in both solid and liquid phases has been standardized. Both the genotype and phenotype of osteoblast lineage cells has been quantitatively assessed during the capability testing of ADSCs and PRP. Quantitative assessment of new bone formation and related protein markers in vivo has been successfully established through the testing of the biological properties of gamma irradiated morselized bone grafts. Conclusion: A comprehensive knowledge of the assessment of bone regeneration and formation in vitro and in vivo has been integrated and developed through years of study. A whole set of in vitro and in vivo approaches for the assessment of bone formation has been modified and standardized to best suit the different clinical applications. This thesis provides an outline of both in vitro and in vivo bone formation assessment and their clinical applications.

Bibliography: leaves 169-197. / xiv, 197 leaves : / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Hypothesises that the physis has an internal mechanism of repair to restore physeal function. Aims to establish a defined degree of deformity by partial growth plate excision, then to examine different methods of reversal of such deformity to observe the process of growth plate repair. A secondary aim was to define the percentage of physis that could be resected yet still enable reversal of deformity. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Pathology, 1989

Introduction: Recent reports in exercise related bone research have shown increased bone mineral content (BMC) at the femoral neck for prepubescent children participating in exercise programs consisting of repeated drop landings from a height of 61 cm. Increases in BMC from this type of exercise are believed to be the result of both high rate and magnitude of loading at the proximal femur. However, the dynamic characteristics associated with these landings in children have not been studied. Purpose: To describe the dynamic characteristics of children during landing and to quantify the forces associated with an activity associated with increases in bone mass. Methods: 13 prepubescent children (males=8, females=5, age 9.3 �� 0.7 years) who had previously completed drop landings over a 7 month period as part of an exercise intervention to increase bone mass participated in this research. Each subject performed 100 drop landings onto a force plate from a height of 61 cm. Ground reaction forces and two-dimensional kinematic data were recorded. Hip joint reaction forces were calculated using inverse dynamics based on a four segment rigid body model. Vertical ground reaction force and displacement data were fit to two single degree of freedom models, the Voigt and standard linear solid (SLS). The goodness of fit was quantified using the standard deviation of the error (SDE) between the experimental and the predicted data. Results: Peak vertical ground reaction forces were 8.5 �� 2.2 (mean �� SD) body weights (BW) while hip joint reactions were 6.0 �� 1.8 BW. Loading rates for ground reaction forces during initial impact were in excess of 470 BW/s. Across 100 jump trials, ground reaction forces changed significantly for 5 subjects (4 increase, 1 decrease, p<0.05) but were unchanged as a group. The SLS and Voigt models replicated the displacement traces well (SDE=0.003 m and 0.001 m respectively). However, in fitting force data, the SLS outperformed the Voigt model (SDE=580 N and 493 N respectively), but slightly under-predicted peak forces by 13%. Conclusion: Comparing force characteristics from drop landing to force characteristics known to be osteogenic, we can see how drop landings contribute to the osteogenic stimulus. The models used to represent children during drop landing closely fit displacement data, but did not replicate the time history of the impact force peaks thought to be important to osteogenesis. Quantification of exercises known to increase bone mass provides a basis on which to develop and implement additional exercise interventions for the purpose of increasing bone mass. / Graduation date: 2000

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the structural variation of the proximal femur in human skeletal samples. The goal was to investigate and further describe the morphology of the proximal femur through quantitative observation. Subsets of measurements were used to calculate platymeric indices, which demonstrate the presence or absence of platymeria in a population. Metric analyses of the femur were also used to study size and shape differences in populations for indications of sexual dimorphism or asymmetry. Finally, selected platymeric index measurements were observed for intraobserver error, to test the validity of the measures and how well the researcher performed them. Data examining the morphology of the proximal femur were collected from a prehistoric Albanian site, a late 18th century Albanian site, and from a documented modern, industrial skeletal collection. In this study, platymeria was identified in the proximal femur in the two pre-industrial Albanian samples for both sexes and side. The results varied when compared to the industrial collection, which was eurymeric in both sexes and side. The proximal femoral differences in side and sex of the preindustrial and industrial remains shed light on biomechanical investigations. Overall, results conclude that the use of platymeric indices allowed the researcher to successfully distinguish variations in the proximal femur among three populations. / Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology / "May 2006." / Includes bibliographic references (leaves 73-77).

This thesis investigates the womanist theme of spirituality in Amy Tan’s novel, The Bonesetter’s Daughter. Spirituality unfolds in five linked themes: ghosts, ghostwriting, nature, bones, and memory. In structure, the thesis is composed of four parts. The Introduction proposes spirituality as a womanist way of reading The Bonesetter’s Daughter. Chapter one investigates how the spirit of Gu Liu Xin, the Chinese grandmother, plays a critical role in developing the psychological integrity of Ruth Luyi Young, the American-born Chinese granddaughter. The second chapter examines how Gu Liu Xin’s ghost helps to guide LuLing Liu Young, Liu Xin’s daughter and Ruth’s mother, out of the hazardous situation in China, and how Gu’s spirit sustains LuLing in times of alienation and hardship in America. The thesis concludes that spirituality is essential for a subjugated woman character to achieve her personal and political freedom as well as her physical and spiritual wholeness.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-179). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-50).