<p><strong>Sammanfattning</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva livskvalitet hos personer som genomgått en amputation av en extremitet utifrån ett fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt perspektiv. Sökning av artiklar har utförts i databaserna Medline, Cinahl och genom manuell sökning i några av artiklarnas referenslistor. Sjutton artiklar valdes för analysen, som genomfördes på ett systematiskt arbetssätt där fynden i artiklarnas resultat grupperades i tre huvudkategorier och nio underkategorier. Artiklarnas kvalitet granskades med hjälp av checklistor.</p><p>Resultatet visade att patienter som amputerats fick hela sin existens förändrad. Faktorer som gav lägre livskvalitet hos patienterna var smärta, sämre fysisk funktion, minskad rörlighet och psykisk ohälsa. En faktor som gav bättre livskvalitet hos patienterna var användning av protes. Bättre livskvalitet hos patienterna uppmättes i områdena arbetsmiljö och tillfredsställelse inom familjelivet, jämfört med icke amputerade personer. Författarna ansåg att efter en amputation så omvärderade patienten olika delar i livet och uppskattade andra saker mer än människor som var friska, som kanske tog dessa för givet.</p><p> </p><p>Nyckelord: Amputation, Livskvalitet, Funktionshinder</p> / <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>The aim of this literature study was to describe the quality of life of persons who have undergone an amputation of a limb from a physical, mental and social perspective. Search through Medline, Cinahl databases and additional manual search in some of the articles reference lists was conducted. Seventeen articles were chosen for the analysis, which was carried out through a systematic approach and the findings in the articles results were grouped into three categories and nine subcategories. The quality of the articles was reviewed using checklists.</p><p>The results showed that patients who had been amputated had their whole existence changed. Factors that resulted in lower quality of life of patients were pain, worse physical function, decreased mobility and mental illness. One factor that resulted in better quality of life for patients was the use of prosthesis. Better quality of life in patients was measured in the areas of work environment and satisfaction in family life compared to the healthy subjects. The authors believed that after an amputation the patient revalued different aspects of life and appreciated other things more than people who are healthy, who might have taken things for granted.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Amputation, Quality of Life, Disability</p>

<p>Amputation affects men and women of all ages, classes, races and religions. The patients’ reactions are, however, entirely unique. This is a literature study comprising fourteen scientific articles which make up the results. The psychosocial effects of amputation can be daunting and considering the mountain of literature on the subject, it is therefore necessary to start by explaining some of the research on stress, crisis, and coping. Brief descriptions of Lazarus’s and Cullberg’s work have been selected to represent a sample of existing theories which have grappled with these psychosocial concepts. The purpose of this study is to describe the various coping strategies utilized by patients who have undergone amputation. The results consist of seventeen coping strategies which are divided up into five theme groups (positive coping, avoidance coping, social support, maladaptive coping, and religion). Evidence is provided which describes how the various coping strategies can actually manifest themselves in reality as witnessed by amputee patients. In conclusion, amputees use various coping strategies at different stages of recovery to deal with the trauma of their loss; these strategies can be observed and identified in both clinical and out-patient settings.</p>

<p>Abstract</p><p>During my university trip to South Africa I visit a black township called Lingehlile. There I examined the life situation and education for children and youth with mentally disabilities. I was interested in knowing more about what basic condition they have, period of school and what kind of support they get outside the school. The subjects that I have handled are a school for all, support for the person with mentally disabilities and their family, the opinion of the society, education and life after school. I got my result by two interviews. One was with the principal of a school for handicapped children and the other one was with a teacher at that school. Also I have visit a school for handicapped in Cape Town. In Sweden we are talking about a school for all were everybody are welcomed irrespective of handicap. We have laws that stand behind people with mentally disabilities and they can get support and service. With this report I would like to throw light on the situation in another country, in this case South Africa. My investigation showed that they are struggling for a better society for the people with mentally disabilities but they have not come as far as Sweden. This is because of the bad economy and the government. During the trip I met a lot of people that are fighting for better conditions and a rise are slowly but sure on its way.</p><p>Keywords</p><p>South Africa, mentally disabilities, living conditions and examine</p>

The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of social workers in Tennessee towards people with physical disabilities. A non-probability, convenience sample of social workers who were members of the National Association of Social Workers Tennessee Chapter (NASW TN), and accept email communication, were sent the on-line survey. Two hundred sixty five social workers responded to the survey and one hundred sixty eight respondents (N=168) completed the survey in its entirety and were included in analysis. The respondents’ attitudes were assessed as either empowering or oppressive based on concepts and constructs of empowerment and oppression identified by disability scholars and social work researchers in the field of disability. The findings of the individual questions were analyzed. The survey questions worded toward an empowering attitude found that 80% of the subjects answered towards a possible empowering attitude regarding the self-determination of people with physical disabilities. The highest rate of no opinion responses was noticed with the questions related to sexual satisfaction, intimacy and depression. Due to the lack of validity and reliability of the survey tool it would be inappropriate to generalize the results to a broader social work population. The information gathered, however, may serve as a glimpse of the attitudes of social workers in Tennessee towards people with physical disabilities

<p>The aim of this study was to determine the types of sport that are available for the learner with a physical disability in ordinary schools in the Western Cape and what prevents and facilitates participation in sport.</p>

The aim of this study was to compare perceived disability in daily activities, anxiety and depression for patients with chronic pain (&gt;3 month), before and after rehabilitation. Another aim was to examine if there were any correlations between disability in daily activities and the extent of anxiety and depression before and after rehabilitation. For the measurements, Disability Rating Index (DRI) that measures disability in daily activities, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ) which measures the extent of anxiety and depression were used. The study was carried out with 50 patients who had suffered from chronic pain and with the objective to return to work after rehabilitation. Of these, 90 % were female. The measurements were carried out at three measure points; before rehabilitation, seven weeks after rehabilitation and one year after rehabilitation. The main result did not show any statistically significant improvement in ability to perform daily activities. The only significant difference that emerged was an improvement in anxiety seven weeks after rehabilitation compared with before. There were significant correlations between the ability to perform daily activities and anxiety and depression before rehabilitation. There was also a significant correlation between the ability to perform daily activities and depression after rehabilitation. Conclusions drawn from this paper are that there seems to be a decrease in feelings of anxiety after rehabilitation and also that there appears to exist a correlation between disability and depression.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka några vuxna dyslektikers syn på deras dyslexi som barn och som vuxen. Undersökningen byggde på fyra intervjuer med vuxna dyslektiker. Arbetets fokus har därmed varit att belysa dyslektikernas upplevelse av deras dyslexi, om de fått rätt hjälp i skolan och om deras acceptans i samhället. Resultatet från intervjuerna visade att alla fyra dyslektiker ansåg att det varit svårt att leva med sin dyslexi och att det hade varit lättare om de fått sin diagnos tidigare i livet. Arbetet fokuserar även på hur dyslektikerna hanterar sin situation i vuxen ålder. Dessutom har arbetet koncentrerat sig på hur man bäst hjälper dyslektiker i skolan. Slutsatsen som drogs efter genomförd studie var att det lönar sig att få rätt hjälp i tid för sin dyslexi. Diagnoser är positiva om den hjälper eleven framåt i sin läs- och skrivutveckling. Det som också visade sig var att dyslektikerna menar i likhet med forskarna, att om eleven blir stöttad av sin lärare och sina föräldrar så är det lättare att lyckas med sin läs- och skrivutveckling. / Formalia och ändring av två uttryck.

Children’s participation in their planning in health and social services is important. To make children’s needs more considered they need to be involved in the cision-making processes. Children have the ability to reflect. The aim has been to find ut which knowledge there is about participation of children and youth with disability in meetings with the society and elucidate factors that have an impact on the participation. This study focus on the children’s view on their own participation. The topic was examined with a selective systematic literature review. Forty studies showed that children want to be participating in their own habilitation contacts. The majority studies concern health care, very few social care. This study concerns children’s participation in the aspect how • they are listened to • they are supported in expressing their views • their views are taken into account • they are involved in decision-making processes and • they participate and have power and responsibility for decision-making. Children clearly desired participation in the three first levels and to some extent in the two latter. Time, flexibility, the staff ’s child competence and children’s participation competence, interaction competence (children, parents, staff) etc are important factors on individual and system level. Despite knowledge about children ’s competence the awareness still is low about the importance of children’s participation.

Amputation affects men and women of all ages, classes, races and religions. The patients’ reactions are, however, entirely unique. This is a literature study comprising fourteen scientific articles which make up the results. The psychosocial effects of amputation can be daunting and considering the mountain of literature on the subject, it is therefore necessary to start by explaining some of the research on stress, crisis, and coping. Brief descriptions of Lazarus’s and Cullberg’s work have been selected to represent a sample of existing theories which have grappled with these psychosocial concepts. The purpose of this study is to describe the various coping strategies utilized by patients who have undergone amputation. The results consist of seventeen coping strategies which are divided up into five theme groups (positive coping, avoidance coping, social support, maladaptive coping, and religion). Evidence is provided which describes how the various coping strategies can actually manifest themselves in reality as witnessed by amputee patients. In conclusion, amputees use various coping strategies at different stages of recovery to deal with the trauma of their loss; these strategies can be observed and identified in both clinical and out-patient settings.

The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge of possibilities and obstacles for disabled people to meet a partner. The ambition was to know more about wishes for and needs of professional or other support. The methods have been literature studies, survey research, and interviews. A simple questionnaire was sent to administrative staff and social welfare officers who gave the information that they experienced those persons with intellectual disability or Aspergers syndrome had asked for support to meet a partner. To get a perspective from inside six semi structured interviews were made with disabled people having experience of relationships, love affairs. Two men and two women with intellectual disability and two women with Aspergers syndrome take part in the interview study. Results of this study correspond with previous research. All the participants experienced possibilities and obstacles to meet a partner. The opportunities were rather universal. The difficulties they met were on one hand the feeling of belonging to a marginalized group in society and on the other hand problems with social interaction and interplay. The conclusion was that there is a desire as well as requirement for professional support. The support should be given by someone the person has confidence in. It could be a guardian, a social welfare officer or any other staff. People with disability have wishes about love and to meet a partner and it is very important to identify needs and wishes of their own.