Samtidigt som universitetsstudier förutsätts av att förhålla sig till deadlines visar uppskattningar att 80 till 95 procent av universitetsstudenter prokrastinerar, förhalar studierna, vilket kan påverka både studieprestation och välbefinnande negativt. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om faktorerna i Temporal Motivational Theory (TMT): förväntan, värde, känslighet för fördröjning och fördröjning kunde predicera prokrastinering hos studenter. Detta utifrån hypotesen om att hög förväntan och högt värde leder till minskad prokrastinering, samtidigt som hög känslighet för fördröjning och hög fördröjning leder till ökad prokrastinering. En enkät genomfördes av 165 studenter vid Linnéuniversitetet. Multipel regressionsanalys användes där faktorerna tillsammans kunde visa 54,9 procent förklarad varians, där känslighet för fördröjning och fördröjning hade störst effekt. Sammantaget hade dels värde betydelse, där sådant som väckte känslor av olust eller obehag förhalades. Känslighet för fördröjning och fördröjning hade också betydelse, där egenskaperna impulsivitet, distraherbarhet och bristande självkontroll ledde till mer förhalning desto längre bort en deadline var i tid. Däremot hade förväntan, en individs tro på den egna förmågan, ingen signifikant effekt på prokrastinering. / University studies implies a need for students to meet deadlines. At the same time, estimates indicate that 80 to 95 percent of university students procrastinate, postpone studies, which can negatively affect both academic performance and well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the factors of Temporal Motivational Theory (TMT): expectancy, value, sensitivity to delay and delay could predict procrastination in students. This is based on the hypothesis that high expectancy and high value results in reduced procrastination, while high sensitivity to delay and high delay lead to increased procrastination. A survey was completed by 165 students at Linnaeus University. Multiple regression analysis was used where the factors together showed 54.9 percent explained variance, where sensitivity to delay and delay had the greatest effect. Overall, value was important, where tasks that aroused feelings of displeasure or discomfort were postponed. Sensitivity to delay and delay also mattered, with the traits of impulsivity, distractibility and lack of self-control leading to more procrastination the further away a deadline was in time. In contrast, expectancy, an individual's belief in one's own ability, had no significant effect on procrastination.

In the 21st century drug and alcohol abuse presents one of the most serious problems worldwide. Of particular concern is the strong relationship between drug use and crime. While law enforcement strategies, including incarceration, have been revealed to contribute little to break the vicious cycle of drug use and crime, substance abuse treatment has been shown to represent an effective form of intervention. Substantial research on the effectiveness of drug treatment has demonstrated the importance of motivation in predicting treatment retention and success. However, substance users are frequently coerced into therapy by external sources, including the criminal justice system, therefore, typically exhibiting little motivation to enter and remain in treatment long enough to overcome their substance addiction. Although past research investigating the effects of treatment-entry coercion indicates positive treatment results, the vast majority of these studies are seriously impeded by extensive conceptual and methodological problems, questioning the postulated value of coercion in substance abuse treatment. Following the call for a shift in the methodological focus of future studies made by some researchers, the author of the present study tested three models that were based on well-established theories. The first model was based on Self Determination Theory (SDT), a motivational theory, while the second model was based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), an expectancy-value theory. The third model consisted of a combination of the two theories, which was argued to provide a more complete and comprehensive model than each theory on its own. The testing of the models allowed the exploration of the dynamic interplay and relationships between a number of variables including perceptions of coercion, motivation, perceived autonomy support, and behavioural intentions in an effort to explain and predict retention and treatment outcomes amongst drug and alcohol abusers. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved the development of a 29-item instrument called the Perceived Coercion Questionnaire, which was designed to assess participants' perceptions of coercion to enter drug and alcohol treatment originating from six different sources. The scale was shown to be a valid and reliable measure of the coercion construct. Phase 2 involved the testing of the three models longitudinally by using a sample of 350 substance abusers from six therapeutic communities across Australia. Participants were asked to complete a battery of standardised measures within the first two weeks of treatment admission (Time 1), two months into treatment (Time 2), and at completion of the treatment program (Time 3). The models were tested cross-sectionally and longitudinally employing hierarchical multiple regression analysis. In addition, change scores were calculated to test whether changes in predictor variables would predict outcomes and changes in outcomes cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Analyses of Time 1 and Time 2 cross-sectional data revealed that the SDT model, compared to the TPB and the combined model, provided a better and more parsimonious account of the factors that influence outcomes in therapeutic community treatment. Given the complexity of the study, it was decided to resume the analysis by focusing on the investigation of the SDT model alone. To highlight some of the most important findings, results demonstrated that motivation was a key factor in the treatment and rehabilitation of substance users. As anticipated, intrinsic motivation was consistently predictive of retention and more positive treatment outcomes, while external motivation and amotivation were associated with more negative outcomes. Results also revealed that clients who entered treatment as the result of a legal mandate experienced substantially higher levels of legal coercion compared to clients who entered treatment voluntarily. Legal coercion, in turn, was found to exert a negative impact on substance users' motivation for treatment, thereby indirectly resulting in more negative treatment outcomes. In contrast, self coercion (i.e., feelings of pain and suffering) and health-related pressures seemed to facilitate the development of a more intrinsic motivational attitude towards treatment. Besides, perceptions of competence and control in relation to the therapeutic regime emerged as consistent and important predictors of motivation and treatment outcomes. Finally, findings suggested that treatment staff who employed more autonomous and non-coercive strategies that guided substance users through the change process directly influenced individuals' treatment motivation and thereby facilitated more positive treatment outcomes. In sum, findings provided support for the usefulness of the SDT model in predicting dropout as well as processes and outcomes in therapeutic community drug and alcohol treatment. Implications for residential substance abuse treatment were discussed, as well as the strengths and limitations of the study. The discussion concludes with implications for practice and suggestions for future research.

Thesis deal with motivation employees in Česká pojišťovna. On the basis bring out is analysed present circumstances in company, intended troubleshooting areas and designed procuration on improvement.

The thesis aims to enhance the performance of NH Glass Company, Ltd., through an innovative incentive program. The above company has been in the glass industry. The theoretical part is describing the nature and content of motivation and motivational theories. The practical part includes the evaluation of survey results on the basis of the suggested possible improvements to the current incentive system in a selected company. This proposal will help to improve and enhance employee performance.

The aim of the Master's thesis is the proposal changes in the current system of employee motivacion. The theoretical part focuses on personal management, motivation, relationships between motivation and job satisfaction. It also concern with types of employee benefits. The practical part analyzes and evaluates existing system of employee benefits. There are established employee benefits that the company provides. Based on the survey's staff assessed the current system of employee motivation in a company. In conclusion, the data are obtained for design changes in the motivation of employees.

In this study, the author provided a discussion of international cross-cultural validation studies which reported low internal consistency reliabilities for the self-motivation facet of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A review of salient models of emotional intelligence (EI) revealed that self-motivation was consistently conceptualised as part of the sampling domain of trait and mixed models of EI, but not ability-based conceptualisations of the construct. The author provided a qualitative evaluation of the ten self-motivation test items as they appeared in the TEIQue with the purpose of exploring the operationalisation of the construct in a multi-cultural South African sample. The exploratory-descriptive research was conducted amongst permanent employees who have all completed the TEIQue as part of on-going employee assessments. The present study found limited support for a satisfactory operationalisation of the self-motivation facet of the TEIQue as it related to a multi-cultural South African research sample. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

In this study, the author provided a discussion of international cross-cultural validation studies which reported low internal consistency reliabilities for the self-motivation facet of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A review of salient models of emotional intelligence (EI) revealed that self-motivation was consistently conceptualised as part of the sampling domain of trait and mixed models of EI, but not ability-based conceptualisations of the construct. The author provided a qualitative evaluation of the ten self-motivation test items as they appeared in the TEIQue with the purpose of exploring the operationalisation of the construct in a multi-cultural South African sample. The exploratory-descriptive research was conducted amongst permanent employees who have all completed the TEIQue as part of on-going employee assessments. The present study found limited support for a satisfactory operationalisation of the self-motivation facet of the TEIQue as it related to a multi-cultural South African research sample. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology, with specialisation in Research Consultation)

This study captures the narrative of the lived experiences of four teachers as they developed effective classroom environments in a high school looping program in an Eastern Tennessee school district. The study examined the stories and reflections of the participants in order to discover teacher perception, behaviors, and attitudes that help to establish teacher-student relational involvement which produces positive academic, behavioral, and socio-emotional student outcomes. The stories collected during the narrative study provide real-life, contextual data with which other practitioners might reflect upon their own teaching experiences and practices. The study also adds to the discussion on the potential impact of looping programs as a structure for improving student-teacher relationships and maximizing responsive teaching in secondary schools in order address student engagement and motivation.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of literature within the Swedish Upper Secondary EFL-classroom from the students’ perspective. How do the students in the study relate to literature and its use to enhance and enable their communicative competence and cultural understanding? Also, how do their answers compare with their teacher’s and the adult perspectives and findings from previous international research? The empirical data obtained from the study has been analysed from the perspectives of sociocultural and motivational theory, and the findings show that the participating students believe literature to be a good didactic tool to apply in the EFL-classroom, both in order to enhance their communicative competence and their cultural understanding. The students prefer to have a sociocultural approach to their literature-learning, with group-discussions of various sizes. The key for the students in this respect is interesting, relevant and engaging subject-matter, as well as a positive and motivational teacher. The responses given by the students correlate with those given by their teacher as well as previous international research. The students regard literature as a way of gaining new perspectives, as well as experiencing language in use. Where they diverge somewhat from the international research is in regard to literature’s use for enhancing their competence to speak in class, and that some students seem to think that communication and cultural understanding are separable. Future studies within this field might include the conducting of a larger and more in-depth survey regarding the students’ ideas about literature, culture and communication. Why do so many of the student respondents neither agree nor disagree with the statement concerning communication and cultural understanding being inseparable? This can be an important issue to investigate in today’s global climate of cross-cultural and intercultural experiences, especially in view of the political climate of diverse attitudes towards refugees, immigrants and emigration

For this project the program Walk with Dinosaurs was developed using Keller's Theory of Motivation. Walk with Dinosaurs is a interactive multimedia tool for presenting an integrated thematic unit. As a HyperCard stack, it intoduces students to factual information on dinosaurs in an appealing and motivating way.