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This current study examined the relationships among Freshmen students' contact with their parents, stress, adjustment, emotional and behavioral functioning, and self-esteem. As part of this study, 121 ethnically diverse college Freshmen completed measures assessing the aforementioned variables. Analyses of variance suggested that college Freshmen varied in their ratings of these variables based on their gender and living situation(i.e., whether they lived on campus, in the community, or in their parents' home). Correlational analyses suggested that there were significant relationships among parental involvement and college students' stress, adjustment, emotional and behavioral problems, and self-esteem. Hierarchical regression analyses suggested that gender, living situation, parental support, and perceived stress were valuable predictors of college students' outcomes. This information will serve to provide insight into mechanisms by which parents can help foster more positive outcomes for their college students.

Syftet var att undersöka högkänslighet och stress hos studenter. Metoden var en kvantitativ jämförande studie mellan grupper (kvinnor och män). Undersökningen genomfördes genom en elektronisk enkät. Urvalet var ett tillfällighetsurval av kvinnor och män i åldrarna 19 – 56 som studerade vid ett universitet, totalt 122 stycken deltagare, 31 män och 91 kvinnor. Deltagarna besvarade en enkät som bestod av bakgrundsfrågor och mätinstrument som mätte stress och högkänslighet. Resultatet visade på att högkänslighet och stress var skattad högst bland kvinnorna. Slutsatsen är att kvinnor och män skiljer sig i högkänslighet och stress samt att stress och högkänslighet korrelerar med varandra. / The aim was to investigate high sensitivity and stress among students. The method was a quantitative comparative study between groups (women and men). The survey was conducted through an electronic questionnaire. The selection was an opportunity sample of women and men who studied at a university and was between the ages of 19-56, a total of 122 participants 31 men and 91 women. The participants answered a questionnaire that consisted of background questions and instruments to measure stress and high sensitivity. The results showed that high sensitivity and stress was underestimated highest among women. The conclusion is that women and men differ in high sensitivity and stress, and that stress and high sensitivity correlate.

Det finns individuella skillnader i hur vi påverkas av stress och ett sätt att identifiera skillnaderna är att undersöka hur personlighetsdrag predicerar upplevd stress. Detta kan tillämpas vid rekrytering till yrken med särskilda krav på stresstålighet. Lazarus transaktionsmodell är ledande inom stressforskning och inom personlighetsteorier representerar femfaktormodellens (FFM) neuroticism, extraversion, öppenhet, samstämmighet och samvetsgrannhet de grundläggande personlighetsdragen. Enligt tidigare forskning utgör neuroticism en särskild sårbarhet för stress. Tre hypoteser prövades och undersökningens syftet var att predicera hur personligheten påverkar benägenheten att uppleva stress utifrån FFM, på dimensions- och facettnivå, samt att undersöka skillnader i upplevd stress beroende på kön. Etthundratolv studenter svarade på en enkät innehållande NEO-PI-R som mäter personlighetsdimensionerna samt Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) som mäter upplevd stress. Korrelationsanalyser, t-test och hierarkiska multipla regressioner gjordes. Hypoteserna om neuroticism och stress får stöd i resultatet men inte hypotesen om kön och stress. Oväntade resultat beträffande andra personlighetsdimensioner framkommer och möjliga orsaker till detta diskuteras.

Caregiving for a dementia patient is a stressful experience and can last for years. The exposure to stress over time can lead to negative health outcomes in caregivers (e.g. depression) and can decrease their ability to provide care. Caregivers need resources such as good sleep quality and mastery to have the physical, emotional, and mental energy to perform the caregiving role. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the resources of sleep quality, mastery, and the outcomes of perceived stress, and depression in informal caregivers of community-dwelling persons with dementia (PWD). The data presented were from a cross-sectional non-experimental study with interviews conducted with 80 informal caregivers of PWD utilizing a demographic questionnaire for the caregiver, an assessment of the frequency of behavior and psychiatric symptoms (BPSD) of dementia, the Dementia Severity Rating Scale to assess the caregiver’s perception of the PWD’s cognitive and functional abilities, the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire to asses the caregiver’s sleep, a combined global and domain-specific mastery instrument, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale to measure outcomes. The results of this study found that male and female caregivers shared a similar caregiving experience, similar levels of mastery, depression, and stress but, female caregivers had poorer sleep than male caregivers. Caregivers experienced a higher rate of sleep disruptions by the PWD than previous studies and these disruptions were related to poorer perceived sleep quality and poor global sleep. There was a direct relationship between mastery and perceived stress, mastery and depression, sleep quality and stress, sleep quality and depression, but not a statistically significant relationship between mastery and sleep quality in this sample. Sleep quality was not found to have an indirect effect on stress or depression through mastery. The contribution of these findings to nursing knowledge is the establishment of the direct relationship between sleep quality and stress, and mastery and stress to be considered in future intervention research. Further exploration is needed to understand the relationship of mastery and sleep quality. / text

The purpose of this current study is to evaluate if there is a relation between Emotional Intelligence, Perceive Stress and Coping Skills in a sample of Mexican employees in a medium size international organization (n =102). The questionnaires used were a compendium of three different instruments; including: 33-item Self-report measure of Emotional Intelligence, four COPE Inventory’ subscales and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS- 14). After analyzing the gathered data, Multiple Regression was applied. Significant correlations in the expected direction were found, indicating that Emotional Intelligence can be useful as a coping skill towards perceive stress.

Background: Stress and low physical activity (PA) levels are linked to illness. No studies have been found examining them among refugee school students. Aim: Investigate level of PA and perceived stress and the correlation between them among refugee school students. Method: Cross-sectional study with a descriptive, correlative design. Refugee school students completed one questionnaire on perceived stress: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); and two questionnaires on PA level: Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) and indicator questions for physical activity (SIFA) from the Swedish National board of health and welfare. Results: Altogether 59 students were included. The adult WHO/ FYSS recommended PA levels was met by 55.9%. Median SGPALS was 2 (some light physical activity for at least 4hours/week) out of 4 with 35.6% reported being sedentary during leisure time. Median PSS is 22 out of 40. No significant correlation between SIFA, SGPALS and PSS was found in the population. Conclusion: Over half of the refugee students met the adult WHO/FYSS recommended PA levels and over a third report being sedentary in their leisure time. Initiatives to promote PA among refugee students should be implemented to reduce illness and inactivity. / Bakgrund: Stress och låg grad av fysisk aktivitet (PA) är kopplade till ohälsa. Inga studier har påträffats som undersöker stress och PA hos flyktingar som deltar i svenskundervisning. Syfte: Undersöka PA nivå och upplevd stress och sambandet däremellan hos skolelever med flyktingbakgrund. Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie med deskriptiv, korrelerande design. Deltagarna fyllde i frågeformulär om upplevd stress: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); och två frågeformulär om PA nivå: Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) och Socialstyrelsens indikatorfrågor om fysiskaktivitet (SIFA). Resultat: Totalt 59 elever inkluderades. WHO/FYSS rekommenderade PA nivå för vuxna nåddesav 55,9 procent. Medianen för SGPALS blev 2 (Någon fysisk aktivitet på fritiden under minst 4 timmar per vecka) av 4 med 35,6% som uppgav stillasittande fritid. Medianen för PSS blev 22 av 40. Ingen signifikant korrelation mellan SIFA, SGPALS och PSS påträffades i populationen. Konklusion: Drygt hälften av deltagarna i studien nådde WHO/FYSS rekommenderade PA nivå för vuxna och drygt en tredjedel uppgav att de var stillasittande på fritiden. Initiativ för att främja PA hos skolelever med flyktingbakgrund bör sättas in för att minska ohälsa och stillasittande.

In modern society, the role of fathers in parenthood tends to be as considered as the role of mothers. Becoming parent can lead to some positive effects, but also to some negative ones, which may have serious consequences on both parents and on the child. The purpose of the present work was to investigate whether a difference of a specific postpartum effect with regard to levels of perceived stress could be noticed in Swedish and French men who just became fathers for the first time. In this study, we pointed out the stress in daily life and the stress related to the role as a parent. All participants (nSwedish = 20; nFrench = 31) were men who became fathers for the first time a year or less before the measurement of stress. A questionnaire was submitted online and the data were analyzed using t-tests in order to measure the differences between French and Swedish regarding stress and ANCOVAs in order to measure if age and duration of the relationship have an impact on stress level. The results showed that Swedish fathers have a significantly higher perceived stress level than French fathers. However, there is no effect of age and duration of the relationship on the results. Moreover, no differences were found with respect to fathers’ parenting stress level.

Stress är i dagens samhälle ett vanligt förekommande fenomen inom många domäner där individer på olika vis drabbas. Högskolestuderande är en av grupperna. Tidigare forskning visar att olika faktorer bidrar till stress och att stress kan leda till allvarliga konsekvenser för individer. Studiens syfte var att undersöka vilka faktorer som relaterar till högskolestudenters upplevda stress. Till grund för studien låg fem frågeställningar. En enkätundersökning genomfördes för att besvara frågeställningarna. Enkäten bestod av en demografisk del, Antonovskys KASAM-formulär och Cohens perceived stress scale. Respondenterna var 302 studerande vid en högskola i Mellansverige, varav 205 kvinnor och 96 män. Databearbetning skedde med korrelationer, t-test, variansanalys och regressionsanalys. Resultatet mynnade ut i slutsatsen att högskolestudenternas KASAM och könstillhörighet relaterar till upplevd stress, men att delaktighet inte relaterar till upplevd stress. Förslag för framtida forskning inom ämnet ges.

Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych) / African foreign nationals face many challenges when attempting integration into South African society. Perceived discrimination is one of the major challenges faced by immigrant populations. African international students form a large contingent of the international student population in tertiary education in South Africa. However, no comprehensive profile exists. The present study aimed to establish a comprehensive demographic profile on the African international student population in Community and Health Sciences (CHS) at the University of the Western Cape (UWC), as well as to establish the relationship between demographic variables, perceived discrimination, and perceived stress. The sampling frame comprised of a list of all international students from the African continent who were registered in the CHS faculty. A survey design was adopted and a response rate of 21% was achieved resulting in the final sample of 68.