La maloclusión es un término que en un principio hacía referencia solo a disposiciones de piezas dentarias, sin embargo, actualmente hace referencia al grado de desarmonía dental en relación a todo el sistema estomatognático, pues los dientes no se encuentran aislados de las estructuras peribucales. Fue Angle el primer visionista que simplificó las maloclusiones, clasificándolas de forma breve y práctica, siendo actualmente universal y frecuentemente utilizada. Es indudable que la presencia de esta afección causa mecanismos de adaptación en el sistema estomatognático, que a largo plazo se manifiestan como patologías severas. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue evaluar cómo influye el tipo de Maloclusión según la clasificación de Angle en el valor del espacio libre interoclusal. La muestra fue integrada por 236 estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna, 178 con Maloclusión de Angle Clase I, 30 estudiantes con Maloclusión de Angle Clase II – Div 1, 8 estudiantes con Maloclusión de Angle Clase II – Div 2 y 20 estudiantes con Maloclusión de Angle Clase III. Se respetó la frecuencia de Maloclusiones según Angle, en el Departamento de Tacna. Se realizó la evaluación clínica del Espacio Libre Interoclusal mediante la técnica extraoral/ técnica fonética métrica de Gillis. Los resultados obtenidos en los casos estudiados indican que existe relación significativamente alta entre el Tipo de Maloclusión según Angle y el Espacio Libre Interoclusal. (p < 0,05).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-07-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:15:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 jacob_hb_me_arafo.pdf: 541294 bytes, checksum: 3439beb03630dce20425833af9507d49 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A deficiência de dados na literatura nos levou a avaliar o efeito do tratamento com o aparelho Bionator de Balters nas alterações das dimensões e relacionamento dos arcos dentários em crianças com má-oclusão Classe II, divisão 1 de Angle. O grupo experimental foi consistituido de 36 pares de modelos de pacientes leucodermas com idades entre 7 anos e 10 meses e 11 anos e 8 meses sendo 10 do gênero feminino e 8 do gênero masculino. A seleção da amostra teve como critérios de inclusão a presença dos incisivos centrais e laterais erupcionados, ausência de apinhamento dentário e relação transversal dos arcos normais. Um grupo controle (pseudo-amostra controle) foi simulado a partir de uma amostra obtida por Moyers com idade e gêneros aproximadamente iguais ao grupo experimental. A análise dos modelos constou de 24 medidas das quais 18 puderam ser comparadas com a pseudo-amostra. A aplicação do teste de Levene mostrou evidências estatísticas de semelhança entre os grupos. Procedeu-se então a análise estatística que mostrou alterações significantes (p<0,005) nas variáveis indicativas de distância intermolares superiores, sobressaliência horizontal, comprimento total do arco superior, comprimento anterior do arco superior, comprimento posterior do arco superior, relação molar direita, relação molar esquerda, relação canino direita e relação canino esquerda. Por outro lado não houve alteração significante em relação as medidas do arco inferior e distancia intercaninos do arco superior. Pode ser concluído com base nos resultados encontrados que o uso do aparelho Bionator de Balters teve efeito favorável na melhora da correção da má-oclusão de Classe II (diminuição das relações molares e caninos) e um aumento transversal do arco superior, principalmente na região posterior do arco. / The deficiency of data in the literature took us to evaluate the Bionator of Balters appliance in the alterations of the dimensions and relationship of the dental archs in children with malocclusion Class II, Division 1 of Angle. The experimental group was constituted of 36 pairs of cast of leucodermas patients between the age of 7 years and 10 months and 11 years and 8 months, being 10 females and 8 males. The sample selection had as criterion of inclusion the presence of the central and lateral incisor erupted, absence of crowded teeth and normal transversal relationship. A control group (pseudo-sample group) was simulated beginning from a sample obtained by Moyers with approximately the same age and gender to the experimental group. The analysis of the casts consisted of 24 measures and 18 of them could be compared with the pseudo-sample. The Leveneþs test showed statistical evidences of likeness among the groups. Statistical analysis was proceeded with showed significant alterations (p<0,005) in the variable indicatives of distance of maxillary first molars, over jet, total length of upper arch, anterior length of the upper arch, right molar relationship, left molar relationship, right canine relationship and left canine relationship. On the other hand, there wasn't significant alteration related to the lower arch and maxillary intercanines distance. It be concluded with the use of the Bionator of Balters appliance that it had a favorable effect in the improvement of the correction of the malocclusion in Class II (decrease of the molars and canines relationship) and transversal increase of the upper arch, mainly in the posterior area of arch.

Contact angle behavior controls the spreading, sticking, or movement of fluid droplets on top of solid substrates, and the immiscible displacement of mixed fluids in porous media. Therefore, it influences applications such as oil recovery, CO2 geological storage, water transport in unsaturated soils, and DNAPL soil remediation techniques. The attraction forces and geometrical-molecular arrangement at the atomic scale define the strength of the interfacial tension that changes in response to changes in temperature, pressure, or the fluid composition within the system. Contact line behavior such as contact line pinning or depinning, microscale roughness, and changes in interfacial tensions influence advancing and receding contact angles. This study consists of a comprehensive database of published advancing and receding contact angles to understand the underlying mechanisms of contact line pinning and depinning and the implications of these phenomena on advancing and receding contact angles. Calcite experiments that investigate advancing and receding contact angle measurements as a function of ionic concentration complement the published literature. Critical results include: an advancing contact angle trend with calcite as a function of ionic concentration, a point of minimum contact angle hysteresis when brine concentrations are close to 0.1 M, and that contact angle behavior depends on cation type and the calcite surface anisotropy. Contact line pinning prevents flow and increases contact angle hysteresis. An analysis of the database suggests that the wide range of contact angle hysteresis of calcite and quartz with water results both from hydrogen bonds and microscale roughness at the surface which leads to pinned contact lines. The Jamin effect reduces significantly in calcite when the resultant injection brines have an ionic concentration close to 0.1 M. Thus, the pressure difference required to displace a non-wetting fluid for a wetting fluid reduces, and leads to enhanced recovery of trapped oil, gas or DNAPL.

Orientador: Ary dos Santos-Pinto / Banca: Ana Claudia Moreira Melo / Banca: Dirceu Barnabé Raveli / Resumo: A deficiência de dados na literatura nos levou a avaliar o efeito do tratamento com o aparelho Bionator de Balters nas alterações das dimensões e relacionamento dos arcos dentários em crianças com má-oclusão Classe II, divisão 1 de Angle. O grupo experimental foi consistituido de 36 pares de modelos de pacientes leucodermas com idades entre 7 anos e 10 meses e 11 anos e 8 meses sendo 10 do gênero feminino e 8 do gênero masculino. A seleção da amostra teve como critérios de inclusão a presença dos incisivos centrais e laterais erupcionados, ausência de apinhamento dentário e relação transversal dos arcos normais. Um grupo controle (pseudo-amostra controle) foi simulado a partir de uma amostra obtida por Moyers com idade e gêneros aproximadamente iguais ao grupo experimental. A análise dos modelos constou de 24 medidas das quais 18 puderam ser comparadas com a pseudo-amostra. A aplicação do teste de Levene mostrou evidências estatísticas de semelhança entre os grupos. Procedeu-se então a análise estatística que mostrou alterações significantes (p<0,005) nas variáveis indicativas de distância intermolares superiores, sobressaliência horizontal, comprimento total do arco superior, comprimento anterior do arco superior, comprimento posterior do arco superior, relação molar direita, relação molar esquerda, relação canino direita e relação canino esquerda. Por outro lado não houve alteração significante em relação as medidas do arco inferior e distancia intercaninos do arco superior. Pode ser concluído com base nos resultados encontrados que o uso do aparelho Bionator de Balters teve efeito favorável na melhora da correção da má-oclusão de Classe II (diminuição das relações molares e caninos) e um aumento transversal do arco superior, principalmente na região posterior do arco. / Abstract: The deficiency of data in the literature took us to evaluate the Bionator of Balters appliance in the alterations of the dimensions and relationship of the dental archs in children with malocclusion Class II, Division 1 of Angle. The experimental group was constituted of 36 pairs of cast of leucodermas patients between the age of 7 years and 10 months and 11 years and 8 months, being 10 females and 8 males. The sample selection had as criterion of inclusion the presence of the central and lateral incisor erupted, absence of crowded teeth and normal transversal relationship. A control group (pseudo-sample group) was simulated beginning from a sample obtained by Moyers with approximately the same age and gender to the experimental group. The analysis of the casts consisted of 24 measures and 18 of them could be compared with the pseudo-sample. The Leveneþs test showed statistical evidences of likeness among the groups. Statistical analysis was proceeded with showed significant alterations (p<0,005) in the variable indicatives of distance of maxillary first molars, over jet, total length of upper arch, anterior length of the upper arch, right molar relationship, left molar relationship, right canine relationship and left canine relationship. On the other hand, there wasn't significant alteration related to the lower arch and maxillary intercanines distance. It be concluded with the use of the Bionator of Balters appliance that it had a favorable effect in the improvement of the correction of the malocclusion in Class II (decrease of the molars and canines relationship) and transversal increase of the upper arch, mainly in the posterior area of arch. / Mestre

ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / This document is focused on the examination of the tracking angular error due to the radio refraction for the target in low altitude of less than 5km and in low elevation angle. The real measured data using the GPS and the tracking systems of C- and S-band frequency in NARO Space centre, Korea are used for the analysis. The analysis shows couple of conclusions on the radio refraction effects; there are angular errors due to the radio refraction which is not to be neglected comparing the accuracy of the tracking system but to be considered for the precise measurement of the target position. Also, the refraction errors are dependent on the target altitude, but not on the frequency.

A method for acquiring and analyzing ultrasonic wavefields to characterize scattering from defects is described. A laser vibrometer and XY scanner are used to record high resolution wavefield data for angle-beam waves propagating in both a defect-free plate and a plate containing crack-like defects emanating from a through-hole. The properties of angle-beam wave propagation are first studied, which include wave generation mechanisms, propagation trajectories, and apparent phase velocities on the measurement surface. Scattering from a defect of interest is then analyzed by subtracting wavefields recorded before and after introduction of the defect. Wavefield subtraction is very sensitive to unavoidable spatial misalignment, which must be corrected prior to subtraction. Two methods for aligning wavefield data sets prior to subtraction are described and their performance is assessed. Several methods for characterizing scattering, including radial energy plots and scattering patterns, are described and used to quantify scattering from the introduced defects. Finally, efficacy of the scattering characterization methods is discussed and recommendations are made for future work.

The project presented in this report is a master's thesis performed at Scania CV. The main purpose is to develop an algorithm that estimates the offset of the values that the steering wheel angle sensor reports in a truck or tractor, and also to investigate the possibility to estimate the steering wheel angle in real-time. The developed algorithm successfully estimates the offset to an accuracy on the order of degrees, and the uncertainty of the estimate is ultimately determined by the backlash in the steering system, which may range up to approximately 15 degrees or more depending on service standards. The investigation also shows that two general approaches to estimate the steering wheel angle in real-time can produce unbiased estimates only when the vehicle is cornering at low speeds.

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