Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2003. / Advisor: Gerard D. Wright. Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2004. / Advisor: G.D. Wright. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Iowa, 2007. / Supervisor: Janet M. Guthmiller. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-76).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Iowa, 2007. / Supervisor: Kim A. Brogden. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-88).

This thesis concerns the atomistic investigation of the extra-cellular protein angiogenin. The main aims of this project are to propose new potential inhibitors to the angiogenin, and to investigate how they might bind to the protein. Two main families of inhibitors have been investigated; firstly, anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotics of which adriamycin is the parent drug; and secondly, uridine and cytidine nucleotide derivatives. The project has been divided into four research areas; conformational analysis of adriamycin; conformational analysis of nucleotide derivatives; a comparative study of the published crystal structure of angiogenin and a published in-house homology model of the protein; finally a series of docking studies to explore the similarity of the active site of angiogenin to ribonuclease A. Angiogenin has been shown to be 68% similar to ribonuclease A on an atom-by-atom basis, and a new sequence alignment has been produced following the release of the crystal structure of angiogenin.

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate PharmDr. Abobakr Abasaeed Elhag Supervisor prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Analysis of the Use of Antibiotics in the United Arab Emirates Introduction and Aims: The misuse of antibiotics for viral infections (for which they are of no value) and the immoderate use of broad spectrum antibiotics instead of narrower spectrum antibiotics have been well-documented and reported. Therefore the inappropriate use of antibiotics is getting a global problem, mainly in the developing countries. Emergence of antibiotics resistance is often a result of irrational prescribing patterns, misuse of the antibiotics as well as self-medication. Although the United Arab Emirates (UAE]) antimicrobial policy restricts dispensing of antibiotics without prescription , studies revealed the wide availability of these agents over the counter (OTC), their over prescribing pattern and the high prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics, unfortunately and regardless of this results, there is a lack and paucity in studies that tracking the prevalence of antibiotics resistance. The aim of our research was to evaluate the attitude of the community towards the use of antibiotics, estimate...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-04-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:07:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 batista_aps_dr_araiq.pdf: 2244640 bytes, checksum: a5ffee8c291916749f781e502663553e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A degradação foto-Fenton dos antibióticos sulfonamidas sulfadiazina (SDZ) e sulfatiazol (STZ) mediados por Fe(III)-oxalato foi estudada nesse trabalho. A influência da complexação de íons ferro, a concentração de H2O2 e o pH na velocidade inicial de degradação dos antibióticos foi avaliada. A degradação de SDZ e STZ foi melhorada na presença de Fe(III)-oxalato em comparação a Fe(NO3)3, alcançando completa degradação após 8 minutos de irradiação em pH 2,5 na presença de 5 mM H2O2 (equivalente a [H2O2]/[antibiótico] = 50). Também foi possível estender a faixa de pH do processo foto-Fenton na presença de Fe(III)-oxalato alcançando mais de 69% de degradação em pH 6, embora sem significante mineralização. A comparação da cinética de degradação dos antibióticos indicou que a STZ é mais recalcitrante provavelmente devido à baixa densidade eletrônica do seu anel tiazol em relação ao anel pirimidínico na SDZ. Experimentos de fotodegradação das sulfonamidas por irradiação gama da água na presença de N2O foram executados e seus produtos de degradação, identificados por análise LC/MS, foram comparados àqueles formados por processo foto-Fenton. Os intermediários de degradação formados são compostos hidroxilados após entrada de grupos hidroxilas no anel benzênico assim como no anel pirimidínico na molécula da SDZ e no anel tiazol na molécula da STZ, seguido por abertura dos anéis durante processo de descarbonilação / The photo-Fenton degradation of the sulfonamide antibiotics sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfathiazole (STZ) mediated by Fe(III)-oxalate was studied in this work. The influence of iron complexation, H2O2 concentration and pH on the initial SDZ and STZ degradation rate was evaluated. Degradation of both antibiotics is improved in the presence of Fe(III)-oxalate in comparison to free iron, achieving complete degradation after 8 min irradiation at pH 2.5 in the presence of 5 mM H2O2 (equivalent to H2O2/antibiotic = 50). It was also possible to extend pH range of the photo-Fenton reaction by the use of Fe(III)-oxalate reaching more the 69% degradation at pH 6, however without significant mineralization. Comparison of the degradation kinetics of both sulfonamides indicated higher recalcitrance of STZ due to the lower electron density of its thiazol ring in relation to pyrimidine ring in SDZ. The sulfonamides photodegradation experiments by water gamma-irradiation in presence of N2O were also executed and their by-products, identified by LC/MS analysis, were compared to that formed from photo-Fenton process. The intermediates of degradation formed are hydroxylated compounds with entrance of hydroxyl group in the benzenic ring as well as in both pyrimidine ring in the SDZ molecule and thiazole group in the STZ ring, followed by rings opening during decarbonylation process

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_nc_me_ilha.pdf: 1099312 bytes, checksum: 9c9ba0080ad7da78d422c26ceed640a6 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho trata da remoção de fármacos da água por meio do processo de adsorção, utili- zando como adsorvente o carvão ativado obtido da casca de coco da baía. Os fármacos utili- zados foram os antibióticos Amoxicilina, Ampicilina, Cefalexina e Ciprofloxacina. O adsor- vente de carvão ativado foi caracterizado por análise textural, determinação dos grupos funci- onais da superfície pelo método de titulação de Boehm e por FTIR e determinação do pH de ponto de carga zero (pHPCZ). Foi observado que o carvão apresenta uma área superficial de 745,38 m2/g , é constituído principalmente por microporos, é levemente alcalino (pHPCZ: 7,58) e possui tanto grupos funcionais ácidos como básicos em sua superfície. Os resultados mos- traram que a eficiência de remoção não sofre influência significativa do pH na faixa de 2 a 10. Os experimentos de adsorção foram realizados pelo processo de batelada, onde soluções aquosas de cada antibiótico foram colocadas em contato com diferentes dosagens de carvão ativado (0,05 a 2 g) a temperatura ambiente. As concentrações dos fármacos foram determi- nadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), usando como fases móveis água e metanol em sistema de bombeamento gradiente. Os resultados de exatidão (repetibilidade), dos limites de detecção e de quantificação da técnica analítica demonstraram a aplicabilidade do método. A eficiência de remoção foi superior a 90% para todos os antibióticos. O equilí- brio de adsorção dos antibióticos foi alcançado após 4h e foi expresso por meio de isotermas de adsorção de acordo com os modelos de Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin e D-R. A isoterma de Langmuir foi a que melhor representou os dados experimentais da adsorção dos antibióti- cos em carvão ativado. A cinética de adsorção dos fármacos foi discutida... / This report is about medicine removal from water by using adsorption process, employing activated carbon as absorvent obtained from baía coconut nutshell. The medicines used were the antibiotics Amoxillin, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Ciprofloxacin. The activated carbon adsorbent was characterized by textural analysis, surface functional group determination by Boehm and FTIR titration method and the pH of point of zero charge (pHpzc) determination. It was observed that carbon presents a 745,38 m2/g superficial area, its essentially composed by micropores, its slightly alkaline (pHpzc: 7,58) and owns either acidy or basic functional groups on its surface. The results showed that removal performance does not suffered signifi- cant influence from pH on a group from 2 to 10. The adsorption experiments were accom- plished by batch process, where watery solutions from each antibiotic were in touch with dif- ferent activated carbon doses (0,05 to 2 g) and environmental temperature. The medicine con- centrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatgraphy (HPLC), employing water as moving phases and gradient methanol pump system. The accuracy results (repeata- bily), detection limits and quantification of analytic technique presented the aplicability of the method. The removal performance was higher thn 90% to all antibiotic. The adsorption bal- ance of antibiotics was reached after 4 hours and it was expressed by adsorption isotherms according to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R models. Langmuir isotherm best repre- sented experimental data of antibiotic adsorption on activated carbon. The adsorption kinec- tics of medicines was discussed employing pseudo first and second order kinetic models, by Elovich and intraparticle difussion. The kinectic model of pseudo second order can better de- scribe medicine... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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