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Low Loss Hybrid Antiresonant Reflection Optical Waveguide Devices At 1.3£gmLan, Ying-Che 19 June 2001 (has links)
A low-loss polyimide/Ta2O5/SiO2 antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) at quasi-antiresonant condition is presented for the first time. The ARROW device was fabricated using both the organic and dielectric thin film technologies. It consisted of the fluorinated polyimide, tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) hybrid layers deposited on a Si substrate. For TE polarized light, the propagation loss of the waveguide as low as 0.4 dB/cm was obtained at 1.3 mm. The propagation loss for TM polarized light was 1.5 dB/cm. An ARROW waveguide fabricated using the polyimide/Ta2O5/polyimide material system is also presented for comparison.
In addition, anisotropic etching of Si-V grooves were formed using the EDP solution, and room temperature sputtered Ta2O5 was used as the etching mask. At a etching temperature of 1200C, the under cut of the V-groove is 1.6mm
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Simulation and characterisation of a concentrated solar power plant / Coenraad Josephus NelNel, Coenraad Josephus January 2015 (has links)
Concentrated solar power (CSP) is an efficient means of renewable energy that makes use of solar
radiation to produce electricity instead of making use of conventional fossil fuel techniques such as
burning coal. The aim of this study is the simulation and characterisation of a CSP plant in order to
gain a better understanding of the dominant plant dynamics. Due to the nature of the study, the
dissertation is divided into two main parts namely the simulation of a CSP plant model and the
characterisation of the plant model.
Modelling the CSP plant takes the form of developing an accurate Flownex® model of a 40 MW
combined cycle CSP plant. The model includes thermal energy storage as well as making use of a
duct burner. The Flownex® model is based on an existing TRNSYS model of the same plant. The
Flownex® model is verified and validated, by making use of a bottom-up approach, to ensure that
the developed model is in fact correct.
The characterisation part of this dissertation involves evaluating the dynamic responses unique to
that of a CSP plant as stated in the literature. This involves evaluating the dominant dynamic
behaviour, the presence of resonant and anti-resonant modes found within the control bandwidth,
and the change in the dynamics of the plant as the plants’ operating points change throughout the
day.
Once the developed model is validated, characterisation in the form of evaluating the open loop
local linear models of the plant is implemented. In order to do so, these models are developed
based on model identification processes, which include the use of system identification software
such as Matlab® SID Toolbox®.
The dominant dynamic behaviour of the plant model, obtained from the developed local linear
models, represents that of an over damped second order system that changes as the operating
points of the plant change; with the models’ time responses and the bandwidth decreasing and
increasing respectively as the thermal energy inputs to the plant increases. The frequency
response of the developed local linear models also illustrates the presence of resonant and antiresonant
modes found within the control bandwidth of the solar collector field’s temperature
response. These modes however are not found to be present in the mechanical power output
response of the plant.
The use of adaptive control, such as feedforward and gain-scheduled controllers, for the plant
should be developed to compensate for the dynamic behaviours associated with that of a CSP
plant. / MIng (Computer and Electronic Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Simulation and characterisation of a concentrated solar power plant / Coenraad Josephus NelNel, Coenraad Josephus January 2015 (has links)
Concentrated solar power (CSP) is an efficient means of renewable energy that makes use of solar
radiation to produce electricity instead of making use of conventional fossil fuel techniques such as
burning coal. The aim of this study is the simulation and characterisation of a CSP plant in order to
gain a better understanding of the dominant plant dynamics. Due to the nature of the study, the
dissertation is divided into two main parts namely the simulation of a CSP plant model and the
characterisation of the plant model.
Modelling the CSP plant takes the form of developing an accurate Flownex® model of a 40 MW
combined cycle CSP plant. The model includes thermal energy storage as well as making use of a
duct burner. The Flownex® model is based on an existing TRNSYS model of the same plant. The
Flownex® model is verified and validated, by making use of a bottom-up approach, to ensure that
the developed model is in fact correct.
The characterisation part of this dissertation involves evaluating the dynamic responses unique to
that of a CSP plant as stated in the literature. This involves evaluating the dominant dynamic
behaviour, the presence of resonant and anti-resonant modes found within the control bandwidth,
and the change in the dynamics of the plant as the plants’ operating points change throughout the
day.
Once the developed model is validated, characterisation in the form of evaluating the open loop
local linear models of the plant is implemented. In order to do so, these models are developed
based on model identification processes, which include the use of system identification software
such as Matlab® SID Toolbox®.
The dominant dynamic behaviour of the plant model, obtained from the developed local linear
models, represents that of an over damped second order system that changes as the operating
points of the plant change; with the models’ time responses and the bandwidth decreasing and
increasing respectively as the thermal energy inputs to the plant increases. The frequency
response of the developed local linear models also illustrates the presence of resonant and antiresonant
modes found within the control bandwidth of the solar collector field’s temperature
response. These modes however are not found to be present in the mechanical power output
response of the plant.
The use of adaptive control, such as feedforward and gain-scheduled controllers, for the plant
should be developed to compensate for the dynamic behaviours associated with that of a CSP
plant. / MIng (Computer and Electronic Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Integration of Micropore and Nanopore Features with Optofluidic Waveguides for Single Particle SensingHolmes, Matthew R. 28 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
This dissertation outlines the research and development of ground-breaking nanometer sized openings (nanopores) integrated with an on-chip optofluidic platform. This platform represents a significant advancement for single nanoparticle sensing. In this work specifically, the integrated optofluidic platform has been used to electrically and optically filter and detect single nanoparticles using ionic current blockade and fluorescence experiments. The correlation of electrical and optical signal has provided the highest sensitivity single nanoparticle measurements ever taken with integrated optofluidic platforms. The particular optofluidic platform used for this work is an antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW). ARROW hollow and solid core waveguides are interference based waveguides that are designed to guide light in low index media such as liquids and gases. Because of this unique guiding property, ARROW hollow cores can be used to sense and analyze low concentrations of single particles. Additionally, because ARROW platforms are based upon standard silicon processing techniques and materials, they are miniature sized (~1 cm2), inexpensive, highly parallelizable, provide a high degree of design flexibility, and can be integrated with many different optical and electrical components and sources. Finally, because of the miniature, integrated nature of the ARROW platform, it has the potential to be incorporated into hand held devices that could provide quick, inexpensive, user-friendly diagnostics. The ARROW platform has been through many revisions in the past several years in an attempt to improve performance and functionality. Specifically, advanced fabrication techniques that have been used to decrease the production time, increase the yield, and improve the optical quality of ARROW platforms are discussed in the first part of this work. These advancements were all developed in order to facilitate the production of high quality integrated nanopores and ARROW platforms. The second part of this work then focuses on the actual integration of micrometer sized openings (micropores) and nanopores in the hollow waveguide section of ARROW platforms for filtering, detecting, and analyzing single nanoparticles. The successes and attempts at achieving these results are the basis of this dissertation of work.
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Radiofrequency Induced Heating of Implanted Stereo-electroencephalography Electrodes During MRI Scan: Theory, Measurements and SimulationsBhusal, Bhumi Shankar 23 May 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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