The research is aimed to define and investigate the peculiarities of lexical translation transformations in the novel "The Devil Wears Prada" and its Lithuanian translation. In the practical part of the work theoretical material on translation theory and translation varieties is presented. Furthermore, three approaches towards the types of equivalence are presented and translation transformations or shifts are reviewed and three approaches towards them are introduced. Also, the classification of lexical translation transformations the empirical part of the present research is based on is presented. Four translation transformations are analysed in the practical part of the work, namely, concretization, generalization, antonymic translation and compensation. Also, some of the selected examples of lexical translation transformations from Lauren Weisberger’s novel "The Devil Wears Prada" and its Lithuanian translation are presented and analysed. / Šio darbo tikslas - apibrėžti ir ištirti lekzinių vertimo transformacijų ypatybes romane "The Devil Wears Prada" ir jo lietuviškame vertime. Praktinėje darbo dalyje pristatoma teorinė medžiaga susijusi su vertimo teorija ir vertimo rūšimis. Pateikiami trys požiūriai į ekvivalentiškumo tipus taip pat apžvelgiamos vertimo transformacijos ir pateikiami trys požiūriai apžvelgiantys vertimo transformacijas. Taip pat pristatoma leksinių vertimo transformacijų klasifikacija, kuria remiamasi praktinėje darbo dalyje. Analizuojamos keturios vertimo transformacijos, būtent konkretizacija, generalizacija, antoniminis vertimas ir kompensacija. Taip pat pateikiami ir analizuojami Lauren Weisberger romane "The Devil Wears Prada" ir jo lietuviškame vertime rasti ir surinkti leksinių vertimo transformacijų pavyzdžiai.

One aspect of critical reasoning is the analysis and appraisal of claims and arguments. A typical problem, when analysing and appraising arguments, is inconsistent statements. Although several inconsistencies may have deleterious effects on rationality and action, not all of them do. As educators, we also have an obligation to teach this evaluation in a way that does justice to our normal reasoning practices and judgements of inconsistency. Thus, there is a need to determine the acceptable inconsistencies from those that are not, and to impart that information to students. We might ask: What is the best concept of inconsistency for critical reasoning and pedagogy? While the answer might appear obvious to some, the history of philosophy shows that there are many concepts of “inconsistency”, the most common of which comes from classical logic and its reliance on opposing truth-values. The current exemplar of this is the standard truth functional account from propositional logic. Initially, this conception is shown to be problematic, practically, conceptually and pedagogically speaking. Especially challenging from the classical perspective are the concepts of ex contradictione quodlibet and ex falso quodlibet. The concepts may poison the well against any notion of inconsistency, which is not something that should be done unreflectively. Ultimately, the classical account of inconsistency is rejected. In its place, a semantic conception of inconsistency is argued for and demonstrated to handle natural reasoning cases effectively. This novel conception utilises the conceptual antonym theory to explain semantic contrast and gradation, even in the absence of non-canonical antonym pairs. The semantic conception of inconsistency also fits with an interrogative argument model that exploits inconsistency to display semantic contrast in reasons and conclusions. A method for determining substantive inconsistencies follows from this argument model in a 4 straightforward manner. The conceptual fit is then incorporated into the pedagogy of critical reasoning, resulting in a natural approach to reasoning which students can apply to practical matters of everyday life, which include inconsistency. Thus, the best conception of inconsistency for critical reasoning and its pedagogy is the semantic, not the classical. / Philosophy Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Phil