<p>Mellan åren 1965-1974 genomfördes ett unikt bostadsbyggnadsprojekt i Sveriges historia. För att lösa den dåvarande bostadsbristen beslöt Riksdagen att det under en tioårsperiod skulle byggas en miljon bostäder. Detta projekt kallas således för <em>miljonprogrammet. </em>Under årens gång har många kritiker gjort sig hörda då de kritiserat fenomenet på flera nivåer. Ord som segregation, visuell monotoni och storskalighet har använts i beskrivandet av miljonprogramsområdena. Byggnader från miljonprogrammet har idag uppnått den ålder då omfattande underhåll- och renoveringsåtgärder är högst aktuella. Idag ägs och förvaltas många miljonprogramsbestånd av kommunala bostadsbolag, de står idag inför beslut gällande upprustning.</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda hur sju kommunala bostadsbolag själva ser och resonerar kring sina flerbostadshus som ingår i beståndet från miljonprogrammet. Vidare vill vi ta reda på vilka de bakomliggande faktorerna i beslutsprocessen är gällande om upprustning ska ske eller inte. Efter de empiriska studierna som genomfördes med hjälp av telefonintervjuer kan vi konstatera att bostadsbolagens allmänna syn på miljonprogramsbeståndet är lika positiv som negativ. Bostadsbolagen uppfattar dock med gemensam stämma att det föreligger problematik med dessa byggnader. Åsikterna skiljer sig emellertid åt gällande vilka problem som skulle vara de mest primära och uppenbara. Det framhålls dock att lägenheterna är tacksamma ur föränderlighetssynpunkt, ljusa och välplanerade.</p><p>Bostadsbolagen har höga ambitioner när det gäller den kontinuerliga och långsiktiga upprustningen. Vi kan fastslå att bostadsbolagen tar hänsyn till tre faktorer vid beslutsprocessen kring upprustningsåtgärderna. Ekonomin är en starkt påverkande faktor då finansieringen till stor del tycks påverka vad som i realiteten genomförs. De resterande två faktorerna som ständigt påverkar beslutsprocessen är den sociala hänsynen och den tekniska kvaliteten och funktionen.</p> / <p>Between the years 1965 -1974, a unique residential construction project was completed which today is significant in Swedish history. To solve the current lack of housing the Swedish parliament decided that Sweden would build one million dwellings in a decade. Therefore the project is called <em>"The Million Programme".</em> Many critics have made themselves heard over the years, criticizing the phenomenon on several issues. Words like segregation, visual monotony and large-scale productions have been used to describe the Million Programme areas. Buildings from the Million Programme have now reached the age when extensive maintenance and renovations are needed. Most of the properties from the Million Programme are today owned and managed by municipal housing companies, who often face decisions concerning renovations.<strong></strong></p><p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate what perspective and opinions, seven municipal housing companies have concerning their apartment blocks from the Million Programme. Furthermore we would like to investigate the underlying factors which affect the decision-making process as to whether renovation will be done or not. After the empirical studies, which were proceeded by telephone interviews, we established that the general perception of the properties from the Million Programme is as much positive as negative. The housing companies have a mutual opinion that there is a problem with these buildings. However, the opinions differ between the housing companies regarding their most primary and obvious problems. The housing companies stress that the usage of the apartments can be easily changed for other purposes and that the apartments often are very bright and very well organized.    </p><p>We can establish that the housing companies take three factors into consideration in their decision-making process regarding the renovations. The housing companies have high ambitions concerning the continuous and long-term renovations. An important factor affecting the renovations is the economy, which in reality, decides what changes can take place. The social perspective and the technical quality and function are the two remaining factors affecting the decision-making.</p><p> </p>

Mellan åren 1965-1974 genomfördes ett unikt bostadsbyggnadsprojekt i Sveriges historia. För att lösa den dåvarande bostadsbristen beslöt Riksdagen att det under en tioårsperiod skulle byggas en miljon bostäder. Detta projekt kallas således för miljonprogrammet. Under årens gång har många kritiker gjort sig hörda då de kritiserat fenomenet på flera nivåer. Ord som segregation, visuell monotoni och storskalighet har använts i beskrivandet av miljonprogramsområdena. Byggnader från miljonprogrammet har idag uppnått den ålder då omfattande underhåll- och renoveringsåtgärder är högst aktuella. Idag ägs och förvaltas många miljonprogramsbestånd av kommunala bostadsbolag, de står idag inför beslut gällande upprustning. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda hur sju kommunala bostadsbolag själva ser och resonerar kring sina flerbostadshus som ingår i beståndet från miljonprogrammet. Vidare vill vi ta reda på vilka de bakomliggande faktorerna i beslutsprocessen är gällande om upprustning ska ske eller inte. Efter de empiriska studierna som genomfördes med hjälp av telefonintervjuer kan vi konstatera att bostadsbolagens allmänna syn på miljonprogramsbeståndet är lika positiv som negativ. Bostadsbolagen uppfattar dock med gemensam stämma att det föreligger problematik med dessa byggnader. Åsikterna skiljer sig emellertid åt gällande vilka problem som skulle vara de mest primära och uppenbara. Det framhålls dock att lägenheterna är tacksamma ur föränderlighetssynpunkt, ljusa och välplanerade. Bostadsbolagen har höga ambitioner när det gäller den kontinuerliga och långsiktiga upprustningen. Vi kan fastslå att bostadsbolagen tar hänsyn till tre faktorer vid beslutsprocessen kring upprustningsåtgärderna. Ekonomin är en starkt påverkande faktor då finansieringen till stor del tycks påverka vad som i realiteten genomförs. De resterande två faktorerna som ständigt påverkar beslutsprocessen är den sociala hänsynen och den tekniska kvaliteten och funktionen. / Between the years 1965 -1974, a unique residential construction project was completed which today is significant in Swedish history. To solve the current lack of housing the Swedish parliament decided that Sweden would build one million dwellings in a decade. Therefore the project is called "The Million Programme". Many critics have made themselves heard over the years, criticizing the phenomenon on several issues. Words like segregation, visual monotony and large-scale productions have been used to describe the Million Programme areas. Buildings from the Million Programme have now reached the age when extensive maintenance and renovations are needed. Most of the properties from the Million Programme are today owned and managed by municipal housing companies, who often face decisions concerning renovations. The purpose of this essay is to investigate what perspective and opinions, seven municipal housing companies have concerning their apartment blocks from the Million Programme. Furthermore we would like to investigate the underlying factors which affect the decision-making process as to whether renovation will be done or not. After the empirical studies, which were proceeded by telephone interviews, we established that the general perception of the properties from the Million Programme is as much positive as negative. The housing companies have a mutual opinion that there is a problem with these buildings. However, the opinions differ between the housing companies regarding their most primary and obvious problems. The housing companies stress that the usage of the apartments can be easily changed for other purposes and that the apartments often are very bright and very well organized.     We can establish that the housing companies take three factors into consideration in their decision-making process regarding the renovations. The housing companies have high ambitions concerning the continuous and long-term renovations. An important factor affecting the renovations is the economy, which in reality, decides what changes can take place. The social perspective and the technical quality and function are the two remaining factors affecting the decision-making.

Being concerned with the questions of housing is one of the priorities of each society. Housing develops with reference to traditions, geographical conditions and it is subject to economic level of a society. The aim of doctoral thesis is to analyze the approaches to architectonic dwelling production. This is based on investigation and analysis of the particular buildings in the chosen historical periods of society. The analysis of the dwelling architecture in individual historical periods of society development should contribute to clarification of the dwelling architecture conception, clarifying which urbanistic, functional and constructional approaches contribute to creating a well operating housing complex or dwelling-house. Thanks to the analysis and understanding the dwelling construction building-up of the last hundred years we can define the positive and negative principles of designing dwelling constructions proved with the benefit of hindsight. It is not the aim to solve the contemporary insufficiency in dwelling design simply by returning to principles which came into existence under different social, economic and technical circumstances. However, we can learn from those principles and try to employ them when answering the up-to-date problematic questions of housing. The principles should be contemporary, in accordance with present society and technical advance, local traditions and geographical givenness of the Czech Republic.

I flerbostadshus är radiatorer det vanligaste uppvärmningssystemet. Inte alls många har golvvärme i deras lägenheter. I dagens nyproduktion av flerbostadshus bygger man för det mesta husen med radiatorer och har elburen golvvärme som komfortvärme i badrummen. I villor är det däremot mycket vanligare att man använder sig av vattenburen golvvärme över större delen av huset. Detta examensarbete undersöker varför det inte används golvvärme lika mycket i flerbostadshus, det undersöker även intresset för privatpersoner att ha golvvärme i lägenheter samt om dessa personer isåfall hade kunnat tänka sig betala mer pengar om de fick vattenburen golvvärme installerat vid nyproduktion.Resultaten har fåtts fram genom en enkätundersökning samt intervjuer där vi intervjuat kunniga inom området. Våra resultat visar att nästan 40% av de enkät intervjuade hade velat ha endast golvvärme som uppvärmningssystem medan ungefär 55% hade velat ha både radiatorer och golvvärme som ett gemensamt uppvärmningssystem. De flesta hade då velat ha golvvärme i bland annat toalett, badrum, hall, kök, vardagsrum och sovrum. Resultaten visar även att nästan hälften av de enkät besvarande hade kunnat tänka sig betala mer för en bostad med golvvärme medan den större delen av den andra hälften var osäkra och förmodligen behövde mer tid för att tänka. Resultaten gällande varför man inte använder vattenburen golvvärme i lägenheten lika ofta som man använder radiatorer visade sig variera lite mellan de intervjuade vilket vi tror har med erfarenheter att göra men att ett golvvärmesystem var installationsmässigt dyrare än ett radiatorsystem verkade vara huvudsaken. / In prefabricated apartment blocks the most common thing people have in their homes is radiators as their waterborne heating system but very few have underfloor heating in their apartments. Nowadays the most usual thing to do is to install radiators and have underfloor electric heating in the bathrooms. Most residentials however usually have waterborne underfloor heating across the bigger part of the house. This report digs into why underfloor heating isn’t being used as often in apartment buildings, it also investigates people’s interest to have underfloor heating in apartment buildings plus if they then would be interested in paying more for a new apartment with waterborne underfloor heating.The outcome from our results has been achieved through a survey and interviews where we have questioned competent persons within the sector. Our results show that 40% of the people in the survey would like to have only underfloor heating as their waterborne system while 55% of the people would like to have a combined system with both radiators and underfloor heating. Most of them preferred to have underfloor heating in their toilets, bathrooms, entrance hall, kitchen, living room and bedroom. The results also show that almost half the persons in the survey could pay more money for a place with underfloor heating while the bigger part of the other half weren’t sure and probably needed more time to think. Our outcome on why waterborne underfloor heating in apartment buildings isn’t being used as often as radiators showed to differ between the interviewed persons which we assume have to do with their different backgrounds and experience but the main reason seemed to do with the part that a waterborne underfloor heating system in an installation point of view is more expensive than a radiator system.

This diploma thesis is focused on the rehabilitation of adjacent surroundings of the historical center of Kyjov and revitalizing public spaces. Part of the thesis are the analysis of the current condition of the solved and affected area, problems evaluation and values of the territory and draft of a new building structure along with a working transport solution. The main criterion for the choice of the area to be solved for me was the problem of this locality with conjunction to industry area of the mills and a very small percentage of the quality of the territory. The mill site occupies almost a quarter of the area and together with surrounding buildings, makes a large impassable barrier in the city. The draft seeks to respond to the functioning state of the site and to rehabilitate the surrounding environment. Another factor for the selection of the territory was the unused potential of the river side Kyjovka flowing through the area. This area hides many other problems and there is no quality architecture. My task was to combine all aspects of the area and make the most of it for the draft. A new functional neighborhood of housing with public spaces and amenities is being designed on the area. The draft include 2 new streets, 4 public spaces, pedestrian zone, Kyjovka riverside, 45 new buildings and 10 reconstructed buildings. The concept of the area also concerns the transfer of the existing main railway station. The draft is also aimed on the main problem of Kyjov, as a growing age population, the poor quality of services and commuting to work.

The main task in this thesis is to prescribe the development of residential properties in the locality of Brno - Královo Pole. My diploma thesis is focusing on history of this quarter of the city until present. In the thesis is desribed in detail survey of the significant residentional buildings, construction of residentional complexes. Work us step by step through the development of these buildings from the beginning of construction on the territory to the possible future development in the area. In my thesis, there will be map drawings of the given area, old photographs of streets, residential and important civic buildings included. I would like to try to discover changes that have been made during recent years on the local building as well. In the end, I will also consider future building development opportunities in the built-up urban area.