Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-03-09T11:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-03-09T11:13:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-09T11:13:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The only treatise on architecture which reached our days, almost complete, the De Architectura of Vitruvius, holds a great importance for the study of Roman architecture. Written and published at the time of transition between the Republic, as a form of government, and what became known as the Principate, this work has a strong connection with the context to which it belongs, linking itself noticeably to the constructive policy of Octavian Augustus, to whom the work is dedicated. This Emperor performed a profound transformation in the architectural landscape of Rome, making it worthy of being the capital of the Empire. In his recovery policy and restoration of the mos maiorum and morals and his attention to religion, he showed great effort in restoring and building temples throughout Rome. It is on this point of convergence, between architecture and religion, which we concentrate our attention in this work, when we analyze how Vitruvius, in his work, and Augustus, in his buildings, appropriated of a Greek architectural referential and of a Greek imagetic referential, thus sharing an architectural imaginary. To this end, we analyze one of the buildings of this Princeps, his Forum with the Temple of Mars Ultor, in order to realize the use of this referential as well as demonstrating how such constructions had the task of perpetuating the memory. This analysis is done with the De Architectura as a guide. / Único tratado sobre arquitetura a chegar aos nossos dias praticamente completo, o De Architectura, de Vitrúvio, figura de grande importância para o estudo da arquitetura romana. Escrita e publicada no momento de transição entre a República, enquanto forma de governo, e o que ficou conhecido como Principado, tal obra possui uma forte ligação com o contexto ao qual pertence, se vinculando de modo perceptível à política construtiva de Otávio Augusto, para quem a obra é dedicada. Este Imperador empreendeu uma profunda transformação na paisagem arquitetônica de Roma, tornando-a digna de ser a capital do Império. Em sua política de valorização e restauração do mos maiorum e da moral e de sua atenção à religião, ele demonstrou grande esforço na restauração e construção de templos por toda Roma. Sendo este ponto de convergência, entre arquitetura e religião, sobre o qual nos debruçamos neste trabalho, quando analisamos de que modo Vitrúvio, em sua obra, e Augusto, em suas construções, se apropriaram de um referencial arquitetônico e imagético grego, compartilhando assim um imaginário arquitetônico. Para tanto, analisamos uma das construções deste Princeps, seu Fórum juntamente com o templo de Mars Ultor, de modo a perceber a utilização deste referencial, bem como demonstrando em que medida tais construções tinham a função de perpetuar a memória. Tal análise se faz tendo o De Architectura como norteador.

As the "Revolution" threatened Rome during the final decades of the Republic, the many landscapes of the city — built, intellectual, social and natural — became inextricably linked within a confused cultural matrix. Vitruvius was not simply observing a set of places; he was living within spaces that, while having lost many of their explicit meanings over time, contained within them implicit, albeit unclear, cultural codes for him to ponder. Vitruvius in fact was not describing Roman architecture as it was; he was describing it as he wished it to be. There are a host of reasons to question the physical exactitude of his examples and subsequent models: The vantage point of a single individual living within a specific place at a particular moment in time was, and continues to be, limited at best. There are geographical and architectural inaccuracies that leave the reader wondering if Vitruvius actually saw much of what was inserted within the treatise. And Vitruvius would have generalized in order to arrive at the broad sets of tenets contained in the books. The "looseness" characterizing the tenets of Vitruvius is precisely what has enabled imaginative interpretations over the centuries. By including drawings within translations, the classical imagination has become fused with memories of what monuments should look like. Linked to this, translated versions of Vitruvius' treatise can be usurped in order to connect ruins more closely to Roman architectural ideals than they may have been in the first place. The translation and annotation project of Jean Gardet and Dominique Bertin in the 1550s is an example of how the treatise of Vitruvius was attached, inextricably, to the antiquities of southern France. The habit of turning to the De Architectura in order to produce a body of archaeological knowledge and in turn to provide "proof for the architectural reconstruction of classical monuments has persisted. In the end, the monument can serve as confirmation for the translated text, and the text re-confirms the monument. In Orange, the use of the treatise by architects has been retraced to show that the reconstructed theater does not correspond, in its rebuilt state, to that which would have stood in its place. Eventually, the habit of turning to Vitruvius was adapted to such an extent that it practically became invisible, with architects and archaeologists turning to it with little thought as to its contextual validity. This is probably why we see so few explicit references to its use in the literature documenting the re-building of monuments; it is only by retracing field notes that the extent to which it was used, even relatively lately, can be assessed. At the same time, classical archaeology has — and continues to — direct its attention to deblayage, remaniements, consolidations and in time, la sauvegarde. The present-day impetus for these activities is closely connected to history, heritage and ultimately, the notion of patrimoine. The difficulty today is that the more we re-build, whether it be for basic cultural consumption or within grander state agendas, the recourse to producing related bodies of knowledge to justify architectural plans has the potential to increase significantly. The understanding of classical architecture within the context of history and heritage must be met by a corresponding comprehension of its temporal, formal and social nature; Vitruvius' words, as I have stressed, do not necessarily depict a material architecture. Vitruvius' architect lived within an urban setting that was highly dynamic and not necessarily readily interpreted. And while Republican spaces derived from a need for function, efficiency, beauty and representation, they were not necessarily or completely redesigned each time they were reused; they were often modified to suit. Notions related to specific and ideal spaces were most probably stored within the minds of the multifaceted designers to be shaped according to particular sets of pre-existing cultural and built conditions as well as geographical settings. And to these, the craftspeople would have added personal interpretations. Today the problems arise when architects and archaeologists, eager to convince themselves and others of their theoretic, forget that we simply do not know what memories resided in the mind of Roman architects. / Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HugoRCG_1_65pdf.pdf: 4964463 bytes, checksum: cd795f8d072464fe6d6ecf3458754e80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-28 / A complex depositional history, related to Atlantic rifting, demonstrates the geological evolution during the late Jurassic and early Neocomian periods in the Araripe Basin NE Brazil. Based on outcrop, seismic and remote sensing data, a new model of the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the section that covers the stages Dom Jo?o, Rio da Serra and Aratu (Brejo Santo, Miss?o Velha and Abaiara formations) is presented in this paper. In the stratigraphic section studied, ten sedimentary facies genetically linked to nine architectural elements were described, representing depositional systems associated with fluvial, aeolian and deltaic environments. Based on the relationship between the rates of creation of accommodation space and sediment influx (A / S) it was possible to associate these depositional systems with High and Low accommodation system tracks. These system tracks represent two tectono-sequences, separated by regional unconformities. The Tectono-sequence I, which includes lithotypes from the Brejo Santo Formation and is related to the pre-rift stage, is bounded at the base by the Paleozoic unconformity. This unit represents only a High Accommodation System Track, composed by a succession of pelitic levels interbedded with sandstones and limestones, from a large fluvial floodplain origin, developed under arid climatic conditions. The Tectono-sequence II, separated from the underlying unit by an erosional unconformity, is related to the rift stage, and is composed by the Miss?o Velha and Abaiara Formation lithotypes. Changes in depositional style that reflect variations in the A / S ratio, and the presence of hydroplastic deformation bands, make it possible to divide this tectonosequence into two internal sequences. Sequence IIA, which includes the lower portion of the Miss?o Velha Formation and sequence IIB, is composed by the upper section of the Miss?o Velha and Abaiara Formations The Sequence IIA below, composed only by the Low Accommodation System Track, includes crossbedding sandstones interbedded with massive mudstones, which are interpreted as deposits of sandy gravel beds wandering rivers. Sequence IIB, above, is more complex, showing a basal Low Accommodation System Track and a High Accommodation System Track at the top, separated by an expansion surface. The lower System Track, related to the upper portion of the Miss?o Velha Formation, is composed by a series of amalgamated channels, separated by erosion surfaces, interpreted as deposits of a belt of braided channels. The High Accommodation System Track, correlated with the Abaiara Unit, is marked by a significant increase in the A / S, resulting in the progradation of a system of braided river deltas with aeolic influence. Regarding tectonic evolution, the stratigraphic study indicates that the Tectonosequence Rift in the Araripe basin was developed in two phases: first characterized by a beginning of rifting, related to Sequence IIA, followed by a phase of syndepositional deformation, represented by sequence IIB. The first phase was not influenced by the development of large faults, but was influenced by a sharp and continuous decrease of accommodation space that permitted a change in depositional patterns, establishing a new depositional architecture. In turn, the stage of syndepositional deformation allowed for the generation of enough accommodation space for the preservation of fluvial-lacustrine deposits and conditioned the progradation of a braided river-dominated delta system. / Uma complexa hist?ria deposicional, relacionada ao rifteamento do Atl?ntico, caracteriza a evolu??o geol?gica durante o final do Jur?ssico e o in?cio do Neocomiano na Bacia do Araripe, NE do Brasil. Com base na integra??o de dados de afloramentos, se??es s?smicas e sensores remotos, apresenta-se neste trabalho, um novo modelo de evolu??o tectono-estratigr?fica para a se??o que compreende os andares Dom Jo?o, Rio da Serra e Aratu (forma??es Brejo Santo, Miss?o Velha e Abaiara). Na se??o estudada foram descritas dez f?cies sedimentares que associadas geneticamente constituem nove elementos arquiteturais, que integram sistemas deposicionais de origem fluvial, e?lica e deltaica. Com base na rela??o entre as taxas de acomoda??o e aporte sedimentar (rela??o A/S) foi poss?vel associar estes sistemas deposicionais aos tratos de sistemas de Alta e Baixa Acomoda??o. Estes tratos de sistemas integram duas tectonosseq??ncias, as quais est?o separadas por discord?ncias regionais. A Tectonosseq??ncia I ? composta pelos lit?tipos da Forma??o Brejo Santo e se relaciona ao Est?gio Pr?-Rifte, sendo limitada na base pela Discord?ncia Paleoz?ica. Tal unidade ? formada apenas pelo Trato de Sistemas de Alta Acomoda??o, caracterizado por uma sucess?o de n?veis pel?ticos intercalados a arenitos e calc?rios, originados a partir de uma ampla plan?cie fluvial distal, desenvolvida em condi??es de clima ?rido. A tectonosseq??ncia II, separada da seq??ncia sotoposta por uma discord?ncia erosiva, relaciona-se ao Est?gio Rifte, sendo composta pelos lit?tipos das forma??es Miss?o Velha e Abaiara. Mudan?as no estilo deposicional que refletem varia??es na rela??o A/S, al?m da presen?a de bandas de deforma??o hidropl?sticas, permitiram compartimentar tal tectonosseq??ncia em duas seq??ncias internas. Seq??ncia IIA, associada ? por??o inferior da Forma??o Miss?o Velha, e Seq??ncia IIB, formada pela se??o superior da Forma??o Miss?o Velha e pela Forma??o Abaiara. A Seq??ncia IIA, caracterizada somente pelo Trato de Sistemas de Baixa Acomoda??o, ? composta por arenitos com estratifica??es cruzadas intercalados a pelitos interpretados como dep?sitos de um sistema fluvial meandrante grosso. A Seq??ncia IIB, acima, ? mais complexa, sendo formada pelos tratos de sistemas de Baixa Acomoda??o, basal, e de Alta Acomoda??o, superior, separados por uma superf?cie de expans?o. O trato de sistemas basal, relacionado ? por??o superior da Forma??o Miss?o Velha, ? composto por uma s?rie de canais amalgamados, separados por superf?cies de eros?o, interpretados como dep?sitos de um cintur?o de canais entrela?ados. O Trato de Sistemas de Alta Acomoda??o, correlacionado ? Forma??o Abaiara, ? marcado por um aumento significativo na rela??o A/S, que propiciou a prograda??o de um sistema de deltas de rios entrela?ados, com influ?ncia e?lica. No que tange ? evolu??o tect?nica, o estudo estratigr?fico aqui efetuado trouxe ? tona que a Tectonosseq??ncia Rifte na Bacia do Araripe desenvolveu-se segundo duas fases distintas: uma fase de in?cio do rifte, relacionada ? Seq??ncia IIA, seguida de uma fase de deforma??o sindeposicional, representada pela Seq??ncia IIB. A primeira fase n?o foi condicionada pelo desenvolvimento de grandes falhamentos e, sim, por uma diminui??o abrupta e cont?nua do espa?o de acomoda??o que propiciou uma mudan?a nos padr?es deposicionais estabelecendo assim uma nova arquitetura deposicional. Por sua vez, a fase de deforma??o sindeposicional, subseq?ente, tornou poss?vel a gera??o de espa?o de acomoda??o suficiente para a preserva??o de dep?sitos fl?vio-lacustres depositados anteriormente e condicionou a prograda??o um sistema de deltas de rios entrela?ados