This report investigates the relationship between demonstrations and the built environment of the Forum Romanum. As one of the chief loci for the creation of public discourse in Rome, the Forum Romanum was a prime target for demonstrations. An in-depth evaluation of late Republican demonstrations within the Forum reveals how demonstrations sought to create alternative discourses. Late Republican demonstrators often incorporated the topography of the Forum into their demonstrations, either for strategic or symbolic reasons. Demonstrators were particularly concerned with the occupation of the Forum and restricting access to the speaker’s platforms. In doing so, demonstrations attempted to legitimate their own goals and objectives by equating them with the will of the people. The Augustan transformation of the Forum Romanum disrupted this established Republican topography of demonstration. Changes in the built environment limited the effectiveness of a demonstration’s ability to occupy the Forum. Entrances to the Forum were narrowed to impede the movement of demonstrators. Speaker’s platforms were insulated from the assembled crowd. A number of redundant measures, including surveillance and legal remedies, ensured that a new topography of demonstration did not form. These changes to the Forum Romanum participated in Augustus’s larger ideological program by prohibiting the creation of discourses opposed to the Augustan message. / text

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-03-09T11:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-03-09T11:13:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-09T11:13:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 20452906 bytes, checksum: b6ed559fce1f228f5c140ff4ad5922f1 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 19039161 bytes, checksum: 0c01fd27ec7c9ab7d2dd304f36118544 (MD5) Dissertação - Macsuelber de Cássio Barros da Cunha - 2014 - Parte 03.pdf: 13599365 bytes, checksum: 5bec2a080d2b9256d39241fa99c82783 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The only treatise on architecture which reached our days, almost complete, the De Architectura of Vitruvius, holds a great importance for the study of Roman architecture. Written and published at the time of transition between the Republic, as a form of government, and what became known as the Principate, this work has a strong connection with the context to which it belongs, linking itself noticeably to the constructive policy of Octavian Augustus, to whom the work is dedicated. This Emperor performed a profound transformation in the architectural landscape of Rome, making it worthy of being the capital of the Empire. In his recovery policy and restoration of the mos maiorum and morals and his attention to religion, he showed great effort in restoring and building temples throughout Rome. It is on this point of convergence, between architecture and religion, which we concentrate our attention in this work, when we analyze how Vitruvius, in his work, and Augustus, in his buildings, appropriated of a Greek architectural referential and of a Greek imagetic referential, thus sharing an architectural imaginary. To this end, we analyze one of the buildings of this Princeps, his Forum with the Temple of Mars Ultor, in order to realize the use of this referential as well as demonstrating how such constructions had the task of perpetuating the memory. This analysis is done with the De Architectura as a guide. / Único tratado sobre arquitetura a chegar aos nossos dias praticamente completo, o De Architectura, de Vitrúvio, figura de grande importância para o estudo da arquitetura romana. Escrita e publicada no momento de transição entre a República, enquanto forma de governo, e o que ficou conhecido como Principado, tal obra possui uma forte ligação com o contexto ao qual pertence, se vinculando de modo perceptível à política construtiva de Otávio Augusto, para quem a obra é dedicada. Este Imperador empreendeu uma profunda transformação na paisagem arquitetônica de Roma, tornando-a digna de ser a capital do Império. Em sua política de valorização e restauração do mos maiorum e da moral e de sua atenção à religião, ele demonstrou grande esforço na restauração e construção de templos por toda Roma. Sendo este ponto de convergência, entre arquitetura e religião, sobre o qual nos debruçamos neste trabalho, quando analisamos de que modo Vitrúvio, em sua obra, e Augusto, em suas construções, se apropriaram de um referencial arquitetônico e imagético grego, compartilhando assim um imaginário arquitetônico. Para tanto, analisamos uma das construções deste Princeps, seu Fórum juntamente com o templo de Mars Ultor, de modo a perceber a utilização deste referencial, bem como demonstrando em que medida tais construções tinham a função de perpetuar a memória. Tal análise se faz tendo o De Architectura como norteador.