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1	Topographies of demonstration in the late Republican and Augustan Forum Romanum Crowther, Benjamin Miles 05 September 2014 (has links) This report investigates the relationship between demonstrations and the built environment of the Forum Romanum. As one of the chief loci for the creation of public discourse in Rome, the Forum Romanum was a prime target for demonstrations. An in-depth evaluation of late Republican demonstrations within the Forum reveals how demonstrations sought to create alternative discourses. Late Republican demonstrators often incorporated the topography of the Forum into their demonstrations, either for strategic or symbolic reasons. Demonstrators were particularly concerned with the occupation of the Forum and restricting access to the speaker’s platforms. In doing so, demonstrations attempted to legitimate their own goals and objectives by equating them with the will of the people. The Augustan transformation of the Forum Romanum disrupted this established Republican topography of demonstration. Changes in the built environment limited the effectiveness of a demonstration’s ability to occupy the Forum. Entrances to the Forum were narrowed to impede the movement of demonstrators. Speaker’s platforms were insulated from the assembled crowd. A number of redundant measures, including surveillance and legal remedies, ensured that a new topography of demonstration did not form. These changes to the Forum Romanum participated in Augustus’s larger ideological program by prohibiting the creation of discourses opposed to the Augustan message. / text Forum Romanum Demonstration Roman Forum (Rome, Italy) Forum of Augustus (Rome, Italy) Demonstrations--Italy--Rome
2	Auferstanden aus Ruinen Pfeiffer, Stefan 09 April 2013 (has links) (PDF) Nach dem Tod Neros im Jahr 69 n. Chr. begann in Rom ein Bürgerkrieg, der nacheinander vier Kaiser hervorbrachte – Galba, Otho, Vitellius und Vespasian. Nachdem Vespasian Vitellius besiegt hatte, konnte er das Imperium unter seiner Herrschaft einen und die flavische Dynastie begründen. Im Jahr 79 folgte ihm sein Sohn Titus auf dem Caesarenthron und diesem 81 n. Chr. der zweite Sohn Vespasians, Domitian, der bis 96 n. Chr. regierte. Die Familie stammte aus einer unbedeutenden Familie, so dass die faktische Macht ausschließlich auf den militärischen Fähigkeiten Vespasians und der Akzeptanz seiner Herrschaft durch das Heer beruhte. Von Anfang an bemühte sich Vespasian aber, das Volk und den Senat von seiner Herrschaft zu überzeugen. Gerade die kaiserliche Baupolitik ist ein Spiegel des Bemühens um Akzeptanz durch die drei entscheidenden Gruppen Roms, als Heer, Volk und Senat. Der Beitrag zeichnet die Baupolitik Vespasians und Titus’ nach und zeigt, wie die Bauten der Legitimation der Herrschaft dienten. / After the death of emperor Nero in 69 AD Rome has fallen into a civil war which saw four legitimate emperors. Having defeated the third one, Vitellius, Vespasian united Rome under his sole rule and founded the Flavian dynasty. He was followed in 79 by his son Titus. Descending from an unimportant family of unknown ancestry and his rule basing only on the strengh of his legions, Vespasian had to legitimise his rule in different ways, because a legitimate emperor had to be accepted by the three major groups in Rome, the Senate, the people of Rome and the Roman legions. In these times, royal building policy was of high importance for gaining acceptance by propagating ideas, which might achieve a consense of all subjects and which respond to the needs of all three groups. The article takes a look at the buildings that were erected by Vespasian and his successor Titus. In analysing them, we can find out in which way they helped to legitimise the rule of the new dynasty. Vespasian Titus Münzen Colosseum Friedenstempel Senat Jerusalem Forum Romanum Titusbogen Vespasian Titus Rome Archeology Colosseum Senate Jerusalem Forum Romanum ddc:900 Geschichte Baupolitik Vespasian <Römisches Reich Kaiser> Rom Münze Archäologie Rom / Kolosseum Juden Rom / Forum Romanum Rom / Titusbogen Flavier Rom / Kapitol Tempel Propaganda
3	Auferstanden aus Ruinen: Roms Bauten in der Zeit des Vespasian und des Titus Pfeiffer, Stefan 09 April 2013 (has links) Nach dem Tod Neros im Jahr 69 n. Chr. begann in Rom ein Bürgerkrieg, der nacheinander vier Kaiser hervorbrachte – Galba, Otho, Vitellius und Vespasian. Nachdem Vespasian Vitellius besiegt hatte, konnte er das Imperium unter seiner Herrschaft einen und die flavische Dynastie begründen. Im Jahr 79 folgte ihm sein Sohn Titus auf dem Caesarenthron und diesem 81 n. Chr. der zweite Sohn Vespasians, Domitian, der bis 96 n. Chr. regierte. Die Familie stammte aus einer unbedeutenden Familie, so dass die faktische Macht ausschließlich auf den militärischen Fähigkeiten Vespasians und der Akzeptanz seiner Herrschaft durch das Heer beruhte. Von Anfang an bemühte sich Vespasian aber, das Volk und den Senat von seiner Herrschaft zu überzeugen. Gerade die kaiserliche Baupolitik ist ein Spiegel des Bemühens um Akzeptanz durch die drei entscheidenden Gruppen Roms, als Heer, Volk und Senat. Der Beitrag zeichnet die Baupolitik Vespasians und Titus’ nach und zeigt, wie die Bauten der Legitimation der Herrschaft dienten. / After the death of emperor Nero in 69 AD Rome has fallen into a civil war which saw four legitimate emperors. Having defeated the third one, Vitellius, Vespasian united Rome under his sole rule and founded the Flavian dynasty. He was followed in 79 by his son Titus. Descending from an unimportant family of unknown ancestry and his rule basing only on the strengh of his legions, Vespasian had to legitimise his rule in different ways, because a legitimate emperor had to be accepted by the three major groups in Rome, the Senate, the people of Rome and the Roman legions. In these times, royal building policy was of high importance for gaining acceptance by propagating ideas, which might achieve a consense of all subjects and which respond to the needs of all three groups. The article takes a look at the buildings that were erected by Vespasian and his successor Titus. In analysing them, we can find out in which way they helped to legitimise the rule of the new dynasty. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/900 ddc:900

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