Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-11-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:03:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 marques_mf_dr_arafcf.pdf: 489556 bytes, checksum: 3a823a4709ec5fb7e7742d4749cdba7f (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A resposta imunológica engloba amplo contexto envolvendo várias células, sendo o macrófago uma das mais importantes na resposta imune-celular. Os macrófagos peritoneais quando ativados liberam mais de cem compostos ao meio extracelular, entre eles os compostos reativos de oxigênio e de nitrogênio, além das citocinas: fator de necrose tumoral-a (TNF-a), interferon-g (IFN-g) e interleucinas (IL-1, 4, 6 e 12). Existem vários estímulos à membrana macrofágica que podem desencadear a liberação de NO, contribuindo para uma ação antimicrobiana, inflamatória, vasodilatadora, neurotransmissora, ou até mesmo de citotoxicidade ou inibição/ativação linfocitária e da agregação de plaquetas. Atualmente há uma forte tendência em se estudar produtos naturais quanto à capacidade de atuação no sistema imunológico. Os medicamentos homeopáticos, conhecidos há mais de 210 anos, visam à ativação das próprias defesas do organismo para eliminar a doença. Estudos baseados em cultivos obtidos de macrófagos podem ser úteis para um melhor entendimento da resposta imunológica. Considerando a importância farmacológica de Arnica montana L. (Asteraceae), planta originária das regiões montanhosas do norte da Europa, este estudo avaliou a liberação de H2O2, NO, TNF-a, IFN-g e IL-1, 4, 6 e 12 no sistema imunológico através de macrófagos peritoneais expostos a preparações fitoterápicas e homeopáticas desta planta. Os resultados mostraram que a Arnica montana L. foi capaz de promover a liberação de NO, TNF-a, IFN-g e IL-6. As preparações homeopáticas também apresentaram um efeito inibitório na produção de NO e TNF-a induzida pelo LPS. A análise dos resultados deste trabalho sugere que a Arnica montana L. pode modular a ativação dos macrófagos. / The immunological response includes wide context involving several cells, being the macrophage one of the most important in the cellular immune response. The peritoneal macrophages when activated they liberate more than a hundred compound to the environment extracellular, among them compound reactive of the oxygen and nitrogen and the tumoral necrosis factor -a (TNF-a), gamma-interferon and interleukynes. The nitric oxide (NO) it is synthesized by several cellular types through isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) it produces NO starting from activators mechanisms macrophages. Several incentives to the membrane macrophagical that can unchain the liberation of NO, contributing to actions antibacterial, inflammatory, vasodilatation, neurotransmission, or even of citotoxicity or inhibition/activation of lymphocytes. Now there is a strong tendency in studying natural products with relationship to the capacity of performance in the immune system. Macrophages are involved in many different processes but their main function is to provide a defense line against microbial invasion and tumor cells. Once homeopathic medications are aimed at activation of the body's own defense mechanisms to fight an existing disease, assays based in macrophages culture may be useful to enlighten some questions. Considering the pharmacological importance of Arnica montana L. this study evaluated the action of NO in the immune system through peritoneal macrophages exposed to the preparations of this plant. The results showed that some of the tested preparations were capable to promote the liberation of NO, TNF-a, INF- e IL-6 in cultures of peritoneal macrophages murine. A relationship among the synthesis of NO and TNF- was observed. Analyzing the results, it is suggested that preparations of Arnica montana L. can modulate macrophage activation.

M.Tech. (Homoeopathy) / The medicinal plant, Arnica montana, in homoeopathic dilution, is commonly used in the treatment of extravasion of blood or bruising (Jouanny, 1984). However, the exact action of Arnica montana on hemostasis, the process of autoregulation by which the body ensures the integrity ofthe vascular system, is still unknown. Arnica Montana contains coumarin, a substance known to have an anticoagulant action. Thus it was thought that Arnica montana 30CH would have an effect on blood coagulation, one aspect of hemostasis.t!he purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the homeopathic remedy Arnica montana 30CH on blood coagulation in vitro. Venous blood was drawn from twenty subjects on two consecutive days and blood coagulation screening tests (namely prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial prothrombin time and fibrinogen assay) were carried out on the separated blood plasma. Results from the control (unmedicated plasma), plasma medicated with 20% alcohol and plasma medicated with Arnica montana 30CH were compared. Although the results from this study showed that the homoeopathic medication Arnica montana 30CH had no significant effect on blood coagulation, Arnica montana 30CH may still play a vital role in the process of autoregulation by influencing vascular integrity and platelet activity. Further in-depth studies on these parameters may be warranted. Due to the nature of the data, and on recommendation of the statistician, the results of this study were analyzed in conjunction with two similar studies. These studies looked at the effect of Arnica montana mother tincture and Arnica montana 12CH on blood coagulation respectively. The results of all three studies were statistically analyzed together in order to obtain a more accurate estimate of the within, between and residual variances.

M.Tech.

Orientador: Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques / Coorientador: Maria Imaculada Zucchi / Banca: Alexandra Christine Helena F. Sawaya / Banca: Marcos Vinicius Bohrer Monteiro Siqueira / Banca: Luiz Fernando Rolim de Almeida / Banca: Marcelo Telascrêa / Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram (i) fornecer a caracterização dos padrões de diversidade genética e estrutura populacional de sete populações naturais de L. pinaster e discutir estratégias de conservação; (ii) avaliar a composição química dos óleos essenciais de três populações naturais da espécie, duas provenientes da região sul e uma do sudeste de Minas Gerais; (iii) caracterizar os princípios ativos, registrados na literatura, dos extratos etanólicos das três populações naturais; (iv) determinar a atividade in vitro dos óleos essenciais e extratos etanólicos das populações contra formas amastigotas de Tripanossoma cruzi; e (v) avaliar as relações entre o polimorfismo químico, os fatores ambientais e genéticos. Os resultados revelaram (i) existência de diferentes níveis de diversidade genética dentro e alto nível de diferenciação genética entre populações. É estritamente necessário o monitoramento das populações remanescentes para que, de fato, seja evitada a extinção da espécie. Os esforços de conservação in situ devem focar na preservação dos habitats de L. pinaster da destruição e no aumento dos tamanhos populacionais, uma vez que o pequeno tamanho populacional e a fragmentação fazem de L. pinaster susceptível às perdas de diversidade genética causada pela endogamia e deriva genética. É sugerido planejamento de coleta de sementes provenientes dos grupos genéticos evidenciados pelo STRUCTURE ou DAPC para a conservação ex situ do germoplasma; (ii) não foi registrada a presença de substâncias da classe dos fenilpropanóides no óleo essencial da população de L. pinaster proveniente da região sudeste, apresentando como constituinte majoritário um sesquiterpeno oxigenado, enquanto as populações do sul apresentaram o E-cinamato de metila, E-cariofileno e α-humuleno como constituintes mais abundantes; (iii) mesmo padrão espacial ... / Abstract: The aims of this study were (i) to provide the characterization of the genetic diversity and population structure of seven native populations of L.pinaster and to provide strategies for its conservation; (ii) to study the chemical composition of essential oils of three native population of this species, being two from southern and one from southeastern region of the State of Minas Gerais; (iii) to characterize the active ingredients of the ethanolic extracts of these three native populations; (iv) to determine the in vitro activity of the essential oils and ethanolic extracts of the populations against amastigote forms of Tripanossoma cruzi; and (v) to analyze the correlation of the chemical polymorphism of the essential oil with environmental and genetic factors. It were detected (i) existence of different levels of genetic diversity within and high level of genetic differentiation among populations. It is strictly necessary monitoring of the remaining populations so that, in fact, be avoided extinction of L. pinaster. The efforts for in situ conservation should focus on preservation of habitats and the increase of populations size, once the small population size and fragmentation make L. pinaster vulnerable to losses of genetic diversity due to the endogamy and genetic drift. It is suggested collection of seeds from the genetic groups evidenced by STRUCTURE or DAPC for ex situ conservation of germplasm; (ii) It were not detected phenylpropanoids in the essential oil of the population from southeastern region, which presented as majoritary compound an oxygenated sesquiterpene, while in southern populations were detected the majoritary E-methyl cinnamate (phenylpropanoid), followed by E-caryophyllene and α- humelene; (iii) same spatial pattern of chemical composition was observed for extracts, with southern populations having similar profile quantitatively, differing of the southeastern population ... / Doutor

M.Tech. / Haemostasis is an internal mechanism to stop bleeding from a damaged blood vessel. Conceptually this process occurs in a number of essential steps following tissue injury. Although the herbal preparation of Arnica montana has been well documented for its tendency to prolong bleeding, according to the Law of Similars, homeopathically prepared Arnica montana 6C is well indicated for traumatic injuries and post surgical bruising. Arnica montana 6C can be used when there is mechanical trauma that causes wounds, haemorrhages, haematomas, sore-bruised bone and muscular pains, inflammations, fractures, muscular strains and sprains. The remedy is often prescribed before and immediately after surgery to reduce post-operative pain and to speed up recuperation. Three in vitro studies conducted at the Technikon Witwatersrand (now the University of Johannesburg) on various potencies of homeopathically prepared Arnica montana showed lowered overall coagubility of blood, but no significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Bengsch (2000), Hohl (2005), Vermeulen (2000) and van Tonder (2005) recommended that studies on the effect of homeopathically prepared Arnica montana on blood coagulability be repeated in vivo. This study formed part of a three part in vivo study to determine the effect of Arnica montana homeopathic preparations on blood coagulation by measuring the Bleeding Time (BT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aP'TT) and Prothrombin Time (PT). This study investigated the effect of Arnica montana 6C on these measurements. Eighty participants were allocated a participant number and randomised by the research supervisor into four groups of twenty participants. Twenty participants were in the placebo group that was shared by all three studies. Twenty participants were allocated to the experimental group for this study. The study was conducted over a period of two weeks at the University of Johannesburg (UJ) Doomfontein Campus Homeopathy Health Centre. Consenting participants were screened by means of a questionnaire (Appendix D) regarding relevant medical history and other background information. A case history was taken and a physical examination was performed. Any prospective participants that were diagnosed with and/or suffer from hypertension, hypotension, heart disease, a iii bleeding disorder, anaemia, iron or any vitamin deficiency, liver disease, malaria or are currently on aspirin or anticoagulants (Appendix D) were excluded from the study. The bleeding time was measured by a trained medical technologist using a standardised bleeding time technique. Blood samples drawn by a phlebotomist went for coagulation tests comprising of aPTT and PT at the NHLS Main Haematology laboratory of the Johannesburg Hospital. Twenty participants were given a 25mL bottle of Arnica montana 6C in 20% ethanol. Twenty participants received an identical bottle containing only 20% ethanol. All participants were requested to take ten drops twice a day for two weeks. All three coagulation test measurements were performed again at the end of the second week. The BT, PT and aPTT results were analysed by using ordinary descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Changes over time in blood coagulation were ascertained utilising ANOVA (analysis of variance). The results showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group in BT, aPTT and PT. There was also no statistically significant difference between the first BT, PT and aPTT before medication and the second BT, PT and aPTT after two weeks of medication. The results of the study support the hypothesis that Arnica montana 6C would have no effect on the bleeding or coagulation times in vivo. These results support the view that prescribing the remedy before surgery is not likely to increase the post surgical risk of haemorrhage

M.Tech. (Homoeopathy) / Haemostasis is defined as the arrest of bleeding by formation of a haemostatic plug or clot. The herb Arnica montana interferes with this process thus resulting in increased bleeding. Homoeopathic physicians use Arnica montana in a potentised form for the treatment of post-operative swelling, pain and ecchymosis but little is known on what effect this potentised form of Arnica montana has on blood coagulation and bleeding time. This study forms part of a three part in vivo study to determine the effects of various homoeopathic potencies of Arnica montana on blood coagulation. This was done by measuring the Bleeding Time (BT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and the International Normalised Ratio (INR) of Prothrombin Time (PT). The aim of this particular study is to investigate the in vivo effect of Arnica montana 30C on blood coagulation and Bleeding Time. This study is a double blind, placebo controlled study that took place over a period of two weeks. A total sample group for the three part study consisted of eighty healthy participants between the ages of eighteen to thirty five. Consenting participants that met the criteria were randomised into four groups of twenty each. One group for each part of the three part study were the experimental group and one group was allocated to the placebo group that was shared by all three studies. BT was taken as well as blood samples which underwent coagulation tests (aPTT and INR). Twenty participants received Arnica montana 30C in 20% ethanol and twenty participants received an identical bottle containing 20% ethanol. After two weeks another blood sample was taken where all three coagulation test measurements were repeated. The results of the BT, INR and aPTT were analysed using Statkon Statistical Package for Social Sciences. This showed no statistical difference between the experimental or control group with regard to BT, INR and aPTT. The results indicate that Arnica montana 30C appears to have no effect on Bleeding Time..

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:47:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_df_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 854052 bytes, checksum: 13482abb726734afc7f37eeff2bffee7 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Avaliou-se o efeito analgésico de Arnica em comparação à utilização de cetoprofeno, no pós operatório de 50 gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH). Para tanto, as gatas foram divididas em cinco grupos (n=10) e de forma aleatória os animais foram tratados com 1 ml de Arnica 30DH SC (GA30SC); Arnica 30 DH VO (VO) (GA30VO); Arnica 6 DH VO (GA6VO); 2mg/kg de cetoprofeno SC (GC) na primeira aplicação, e 1mg/Kg nas restantes ou 0,1mg/kg de morfina SC (GM). Após 30 minutos realizou-se a OSH e os animais foram avaliados quanto à sedação e dor pós-operatória, por meio de EAV, ECV e hiperalgesia, pelo limiar mecânico nociceptivo por meio dos monofilamentos de Von Frey. Quando o escore da ECV e EAVID atingiram 33% do valor máximo foi realizado o resgate analgésico administrando-se 0,3 mg/kg de morfina IM. Além das escalas anteriormente citadas também foi observado a ocorrência de emese, defecação, micção, peso e cicatrização. Com exceção dos animais tratados com morfina, não houve incidência de vômito. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos na defecação, micção, peso e cicatrização. A hiperalgesia foi observada apenas nos momentos em que a EAVID e ECV ultrapassaram 33%, isto é nos momentos em que foi realizado o resgate analgésico. O cetoprofeno e a morfina foram mais eficazes que a Arnica, não houve diferença entre as dinamizações 6DH e 30DH VO, nem entre as vias SC e oral de administração da Arnica em gatas submetidas à OSH / The analgesic effect of Arnica was compared to ketoprofen in 50 cats undergoing ovariosalpingohysterectomy (OSH). Cats were randomly divided into five groups of same number (n=10). The animals were treated with 1 ml of Arnica montana 30DH subcutaneously (SC) (GA30SC); Arnica montana 30 DH orally (GA30VO); Arnica montana 6 DH orally (GA6VO); 2 mg/kg of ketoprofen SC (GC) or 0.1 mg/kg of morphine SC (GM). Surgery was performed 30 minutes after treatments and the animals were evaluated for sedation and postoperative pain through visual analogue scale (VAS), variable count scale (VCS) and hyperalgesia, measuring the mechanical nociceptive threshold by von Frey monofilaments. When VAS and VCS score reached 33% of the of the maximum, analgesic rescue was performed by administering 0.3 mg/kg of morphine intramuscularly. Occurrence of vomiting, stools, urine output, weight and healing was evaluated in addition to the aforementioned scales. Except for the animals treated with morphine, there was no vomiting. There was no significant difference between groups in the stools, urine output, weight and healing. The hyperalgesia was observed only when the VCS exceeded 33% of the total score, when animals received rescue analgesia, but there were no differences between groups. Ketoprofen and morphine were more effective than Arnica montana for postoperative analgesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. There was no difference between oral Arnica montana at 6DH and 30DH or subcutaneous and oral administration of Arnica montana in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense-UNESC, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Ambientais. / According to the informal knowledge, Calea uniflora Less. is widely used in southern Santa Catarina (Brazil), however there is no ethnobotanical study of this plant, as there is no literature on the characterization of soil development of this plant. Its chemical composition is not well defined and there are no studies to prove the safety of using it orally. For these reasons, this study aims to determine the knowledge that the population holds over C. uniflora, popularly known as arnica-da-praia, in the city of Balneário Rincão (SC). In addition, we intend to evaluate nutritional characteristics of the soil of plant development, check content of phenolic compounds in the inflorescence the hydroalcoholic C. uniflora extracts, as well as the presence of acute toxicity in rats. For this, interviews were conducted by applying a semi-structured form, being interviewed residents in the city of Balneário Rincão (SC), totaling 372 people. Soil testing was conducted by the Agricultural Research and Rural Extension of Santa Catarina, characterizing the content of macro and micronutrients the soil. The assay of phenolic compounds was carried out using the Folin Ciocalteu methodologies and aluminum chloride. Acute toxicological potential was realized as Resolution No. 90, of March 16, 2004 the National Health Surveillance Agency. The results showed that 94.1% of respondents know C. uniflora and that 74.3% of these make its use as a medicinal plant, thus concluding that the species C. uniflora is widely known and used in the city of Balneário Rincão. The most popular indications cited were: healing, muscle pain and bruises. The predominant mode of preparation was a macerating and the modes of administration were cited as being more topical and oral. It was found that people have great confidence in the use of this plant, as 98% reported that it is non-toxic. The transmission of knowledge among relatives was of 84.6%, demonstrating the traditional use of the plant. The soil which develops C. uniflora quarry in the neighborhood, some characteristics of a soil poor in macronutrient, with high concentrations of micronutrients. The assay demonstrated phenolic compounds C. uniflora hydroalcoholic extract is rich in polyphenols, and approximately 4.6 g to 15.8 g flavonoid and polyphenol for 100g of extract. Acute toxicological study showed no toxic effect of the extract treated rats at doses of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg / kg orally. As there were no deaths during the study, the LD 50 for the hydroalcoholic extract of the inflorescence of C. uniflora is greater than 1000 mg / kg. As conclusions, we can suggest that the plant is widely used in Balneário Rincão city, grows in poor soil on macronutrients, has a high concentration of phenolic compounds and appears to have low toxicity in acute treatment. / De acordo com o conhecimento informal, Calea uniflora Less. é amplamente utilizada na região sul de Santa Catarina (Brasil); no entanto, não há estudo etnobotânico específicos desta planta, como também não há em literatura a caracterização do solo onde se desenvolve. Sua composição química ainda não é bem definida e não há estudos que comprovem a segurança de utilização da planta por via oral. Por estes motivos, este trabalho teve por objetivo, determinar o conhecimento que a população detém sobre C. uniflora, popularmente conhecida como arnica-da-praia, no Município de Balneário Rincão (SC). Pretendeu-se ainda avaliar as características nutricionais do solo de desenvolvimento da planta, verificar teor de compostos fenólicos no extrato hidroalcoólico das partes aérea de C. uniflora, bem como a toxicidade aguda em ratos Wistar. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturada com 372 pessoas com aplicação de formulário, sendo entrevistados residentes do Município de Balneário Rincão (SC), totalizando 372 pessoas, sendo este o N representativo da amostra total. A análise do solo foi realizada pela Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), caracterizando o teor de macro e micronutrientes do solo. O doseamento de compostos fenólicos foi realizado utilizando-se as metodologias do Folin Ciocalteu e cloreto de alumínio. O potencial toxicológico agudo foi realizado conforme a resolução nº 90, de 16 de março de 2004 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Os resultados mostraram que 94,1% dos entrevistados conhecem C. uniflora e que destes 74,3% fazem uso como planta medicinal, evidenciando assim que C. uniflora é amplamente conhecida e utilizada no Município de Balneário Rincão. As indicações populares mais citadas foram: cicatrização, dor muscular, e hematomas. O modo de preparo predominante foi a maceração e as vias de administração mais citadas foram a tópica e oral. Verificou-se que a população tem grande credibilidade no uso desta planta, pois 98% relataram que ela não é tóxica. A transmissão de conhecimento entre familiares foi de 84,6%. O solo onde se desenvolve C. uniflora, no bairro Pedreira, apresentou características de um solo pobre em macronutrientes e concentrações altas dos micronutrientes zinco, cobre, manganês e ferro. O doseamento de compostos fenólicos demonstrou que o extrato hidrooalcoólico de C. unifloraé rico em polifenois, tendo aproximadamente 4,6 g de flavonoide e 15,8 g de polifenois totais a cada 100g de extrato. O estudo toxicológico agudo não mostrou efeito tóxico do extrato em ratos tratados nas doses de 100, 250, 500 e 1000 mg/Kg por via oral. Como não houve óbito durante o estudo, a DL50 para o extrato hidroalcoólico das partes aérea de C. uniflora é superior a 1000 mg/Kg. Portanto, pode-se sugerir que a planta é vastamente utilizada no município do Balneário Rincão, cresce em solos pobres em macronutrientes, apresenta teor elevado de compostos fenólicos e possui baixa toxicidade em tratamento agudo.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-07-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:57:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_e_me_sjc.pdf: 1226838 bytes, checksum: da62f234ce03abaad7d5e8637ae95e44 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Dados estatísticos nacionais e mundiais demonstram que o número de indivíduos idosos tende a crescer de maneira exponencial nos próximos anos, tornando-se uma população significantemente e proporcionalmente maior que as demais. Entre as doenças mais comuns nesta faixa etária encontra-se a osteoporose, doença que reduz a massa esquelética e deteriora a microarquitetura do osso causando fragilidade e aumentando o risco de fraturas. Este estudo teve como proposta avaliar o efeito da Arnica montana fitoterápica e homeopática no reparo de lesões ósseas, visando uma possível forma de tratamento de fraturas na vigência de osteoporose. Os ensaios experimentais foram realizados em ratas Wistar adultas, divididas em quatro grupos: ovariectomizado tratado com Arnica montana 6CH (OVZ 6CH); ovariectomizado tratado com Arnica montana tintura mãe (OVZ TM); ovariectomizado tratado com placebo (OVZ PL) e animais com falsa cirurgia de ovariectomia e tratado com placebo (Sham PL). Após 45 dias da cirurgia sham ou de ovariectomia, foi realizada uma lesão óssea monocortical na tíbia de todos os animais e iniciados os respectivos tratamentos. Os animais foram eutanasiados após, 6, 12, 18 e 28 dias e as tíbias retiradas para avaliação das suas dimensões e análise do reparo ósseo através de densidade óssea radiográfica, ensaios biomecânicos e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística pelos testes de ANOVA e Tukey (p<5%). Demonstraram que o tratamento com arnica 6CH foi melhor que o com arnica TM quanto à resistência e à qualidade da regeneração óssea, enquanto a TM mostrou melhor valor de densidade óptica / National and international data show that in the next years the elder population tends to have an exponential increase becoming to be significantly higher than the other age population. Among the frequent diseases in the elderly is osteoporosis, a disease that decreases bone mass and deteriorates bone structure causing fragility and a high risk of fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phytotherapic and homeopathic Arnica montana on bone repair quality, aiming its possible use in the treatment of bone fracture in patients with osteoporosis. This experimental study was realized in Wistar adult female rats divided in 4 groups according to the following treatments: ovariectomized treated with Arnica montana 6CH (OVZ 6CH); ovariectomized treated with extract of Arnica montana (OVZ TM); ovariectomized with false treatment with placebo (OVZ PL) and rats with sham surgery and false treatment with placebo (Sham PL). In a period of 45 days after ovariectomy or sham surgery all animals were drilled a monocortical lesion in their tibiae and began the proposed treatments. They were euthanized after 6, 12, 18 e 28 days and had the tibiae removed to evaluation of tibiae dimensions and bone repair by radiographic density, biomechanical test and electronic scan microscopy (MEV). Data were analyzed by ANOVA e Tukey tests (p<5%). The results showed that treatment with arnica 6CH was better than with arnica TM considering bone resistance to biomechanical flection and bone repair quality, while arnica TM showed better bone density values

Orientador: Adriana Aigotti Haberbeck Brandão / Banca: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos / Banca: Emilia Angela Loschiavo Arisawa / Resumo: Dados estatísticos nacionais e mundiais demonstram que o número de indivíduos idosos tende a crescer de maneira exponencial nos próximos anos, tornando-se uma população significantemente e proporcionalmente maior que as demais. Entre as doenças mais comuns nesta faixa etária encontra-se a osteoporose, doença que reduz a massa esquelética e deteriora a microarquitetura do osso causando fragilidade e aumentando o risco de fraturas. Este estudo teve como proposta avaliar o efeito da Arnica montana fitoterápica e homeopática no reparo de lesões ósseas, visando uma possível forma de tratamento de fraturas na vigência de osteoporose. Os ensaios experimentais foram realizados em ratas Wistar adultas, divididas em quatro grupos: ovariectomizado tratado com Arnica montana 6CH (OVZ 6CH); ovariectomizado tratado com Arnica montana tintura mãe (OVZ TM); ovariectomizado tratado com placebo (OVZ PL) e animais com falsa cirurgia de ovariectomia e tratado com placebo (Sham PL). Após 45 dias da cirurgia sham ou de ovariectomia, foi realizada uma lesão óssea monocortical na tíbia de todos os animais e iniciados os respectivos tratamentos. Os animais foram eutanasiados após, 6, 12, 18 e 28 dias e as tíbias retiradas para avaliação das suas dimensões e análise do reparo ósseo através de densidade óssea radiográfica, ensaios biomecânicos e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística pelos testes de ANOVA e Tukey (p<5%). Demonstraram que o tratamento com arnica 6CH foi melhor que o com arnica TM quanto à resistência e à qualidade da regeneração óssea, enquanto a TM mostrou melhor valor de densidade óptica / Abstract: National and international data show that in the next years the elder population tends to have an exponential increase becoming to be significantly higher than the other age population. Among the frequent diseases in the elderly is osteoporosis, a disease that decreases bone mass and deteriorates bone structure causing fragility and a high risk of fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phytotherapic and homeopathic Arnica montana on bone repair quality, aiming its possible use in the treatment of bone fracture in patients with osteoporosis. This experimental study was realized in Wistar adult female rats divided in 4 groups according to the following treatments: ovariectomized treated with Arnica montana 6CH (OVZ 6CH); ovariectomized treated with extract of Arnica montana (OVZ TM); ovariectomized with false treatment with placebo (OVZ PL) and rats with sham surgery and false treatment with placebo (Sham PL). In a period of 45 days after ovariectomy or sham surgery all animals were drilled a monocortical lesion in their tibiae and began the proposed treatments. They were euthanized after 6, 12, 18 e 28 days and had the tibiae removed to evaluation of tibiae dimensions and bone repair by radiographic density, biomechanical test and electronic scan microscopy (MEV). Data were analyzed by ANOVA e Tukey tests (p<5%). The results showed that treatment with arnica 6CH was better than with arnica TM considering bone resistance to biomechanical flection and bone repair quality, while arnica TM showed better bone density values / Mestre