Thesis (doctoral)--Umeä Universitet, 1982. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographies.

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeä Universitet, 1982. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographies.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2007. / Principal faculty advisor: Andras Z. Szeri, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Elenice Deffune / Banca: Hamilton da Rosa Pereira / Banca: Marco Antonio Batista / Resumo: Foi realizado estudo experimental em coelhos para avaliar o efeito da aplicação do gel de plaquetas no reparo de lesões osteocondrais, comparada com o mesmo tipo de lesão não tratada. Foram utilizados 30 coelhos machos com idade mínima de três meses e peso acima de 2kg. Foi colhido sangue dos animais para preparo do gel de plaquetas e depois estes foram operados para realização de uma lesão osteocondral, com trefina, no côndilo femoral medial, de ambos os joelhos, de 3,5mm de diâmetro e 4,0mm de profundidade. A lesão do joelho esquerdo foi preenchida com o gel de plaquetas e o joelho direito foi usado como controle, sem tratamento. Após 180 dias realizou-se a eutanásia dos animais. As peças foram analisadas e seu tecido de reparo classificado macroscopicamente e depois histologicamente. Utilizou-se uma tabela de escore histológico que avalia os seguintes critérios: morfologia celular, regularidade da superfície, metacromasia, espessura condral e integração do tecido de reparo ao tecido normal. Foi observado que o grupo tratado com gel de plaquetas obteve uma melhor cicatriz na avaliação macroscópica, e na avaliação histológica o único critério que não apresentou diferença estatística foi a metacromasia, sendo que o grupo tratado com gel foi melhor em todos os outros, inclusive no escore total. Desta forma conclui-se que o grupo tratado com gel de plaquetas obteve melhor reparo macroscópica e histologicamente, com 180 dias, quando comparado com o mesmo tipo de lesão não tratada / Abstract: An experimental study was performed on rabbits to evaluate the application effects of Platelet Gel for the repair of osteochondral injuries compared to the same, yet not treated, type of injuries. Thirty male rabbits were used, with minimum age of 3 months and weight over 2kg. The animals' blood was collected to prepare the Platelet Gel; afterwards, these animals were operated in order to make an osteochondral injury with 3.5mm in diameter and 4.0mm in depth, with trephine, at the medial condyle of femur of both knees. The left knee injury was filled with the Platelet Gel and the right knee was used as control, without treatment. After 180 days, euthanasia was performed on the animals. The pieces were analyzed and the repair tissue was macroscopically and, subsequently, histologically classified. One has used a Histological Grading Scale, which evaluates the following criteria: cell morphology, surface regularity, metachromasy, chondral thickness, and repair tissue integration with the normal tissue. It was observed that the group treated with Platelet Gel obtained better repair tissue under macroscopic evaluation; and, under histologic evaluation, the only criteria which did not present statistical difference was the metachromasy, being that the group treated with gel was better at all others, including the total score. Thus, one concludes that the group treated with Platelet Gel obtained better repair, macroscopically and histologically, after 180 days, in comparison to the same non-treated type of injury / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 danieli_mv_me_botfm.pdf: 410656 bytes, checksum: 2c3ee8db9f55397380d6e42d6d5b5ebc (MD5) / Foi realizado estudo experimental em coelhos para avaliar o efeito da aplicação do gel de plaquetas no reparo de lesões osteocondrais, comparada com o mesmo tipo de lesão não tratada. Foram utilizados 30 coelhos machos com idade mínima de três meses e peso acima de 2kg. Foi colhido sangue dos animais para preparo do gel de plaquetas e depois estes foram operados para realização de uma lesão osteocondral, com trefina, no côndilo femoral medial, de ambos os joelhos, de 3,5mm de diâmetro e 4,0mm de profundidade. A lesão do joelho esquerdo foi preenchida com o gel de plaquetas e o joelho direito foi usado como controle, sem tratamento. Após 180 dias realizou-se a eutanásia dos animais. As peças foram analisadas e seu tecido de reparo classificado macroscopicamente e depois histologicamente. Utilizou-se uma tabela de escore histológico que avalia os seguintes critérios: morfologia celular, regularidade da superfície, metacromasia, espessura condral e integração do tecido de reparo ao tecido normal. Foi observado que o grupo tratado com gel de plaquetas obteve uma melhor cicatriz na avaliação macroscópica, e na avaliação histológica o único critério que não apresentou diferença estatística foi a metacromasia, sendo que o grupo tratado com gel foi melhor em todos os outros, inclusive no escore total. Desta forma conclui-se que o grupo tratado com gel de plaquetas obteve melhor reparo macroscópica e histologicamente, com 180 dias, quando comparado com o mesmo tipo de lesão não tratada / An experimental study was performed on rabbits to evaluate the application effects of Platelet Gel for the repair of osteochondral injuries compared to the same, yet not treated, type of injuries. Thirty male rabbits were used, with minimum age of 3 months and weight over 2kg. The animals’ blood was collected to prepare the Platelet Gel; afterwards, these animals were operated in order to make an osteochondral injury with 3.5mm in diameter and 4.0mm in depth, with trephine, at the medial condyle of femur of both knees. The left knee injury was filled with the Platelet Gel and the right knee was used as control, without treatment. After 180 days, euthanasia was performed on the animals. The pieces were analyzed and the repair tissue was macroscopically and, subsequently, histologically classified. One has used a Histological Grading Scale, which evaluates the following criteria: cell morphology, surface regularity, metachromasy, chondral thickness, and repair tissue integration with the normal tissue. It was observed that the group treated with Platelet Gel obtained better repair tissue under macroscopic evaluation; and, under histologic evaluation, the only criteria which did not present statistical difference was the metachromasy, being that the group treated with gel was better at all others, including the total score. Thus, one concludes that the group treated with Platelet Gel obtained better repair, macroscopically and histologically, after 180 days, in comparison to the same non-treated type of injury

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of joint disease that affects nearly 5 million people in Canada alone. OA involves degenerative processes affecting the integrity of articular cartilage, a thin soft tissue at the surface of subchondral bones in joints that facilitates smooth and friction less movement. This disease also affects the other tissues of the joint, including the synovium and its resident cells the fibroblast-like and macrophage-like synoviocytes. Consequences of this pathology include painful movement and stiff joints resulting in loss of range of motion. A broad number of factors may contribute to the development of OA, including obesity, injuries, infections, genetic predispositions and aging. Although there are a number of medications used for the treatment of OA, these only serve to manage its symptoms. An actual cure is yet to be developed. Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) has previously been identified as a potentially interesting biomolecule for the treatment of OA because of its ability to stimulate tissue formation by chondrocytes - the cells found in the articular cartilage. In this thesis, we first aimed to evaluate the potential of polyP as a therapeutic for joint diseases such as OA further, by characterizing its effects on a number of cell processes (e.g., proliferation, metabolic activity, migration, matrix accumulation) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) - specialized cells found in the synovium encapsulating the synovial joints. The synovium is an important tissue for joint physiology and OA pathogenesis; it is thus essential that any therapeutic introduced in the joint not impact this tissue negatively. These studies showed that polyP significantly inhibits FLS proliferation. This effect is interesting in the context of OA as FLS proliferation is associated with progression of the disease. PolyP also increased FLS migration rate and caused changes in metabolic activity, although the trends were inconsistent over time. We also optimized a new protocol for the synthesis of sub-micron calcium-polyP particles. Nanoparticle drug delivery for OA treatment has been gaining importance in recent years as a way to access the cells in cartilage through the small pores in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and increase drug retention time in the joint. The calcium-polyP particles were synthesized by drop-wise addition of polyP into a calcium solution at controlled pH, drop rate and mixing rate. Particles size and stability before and after sterilization were measured by dynamic light scattering. We showed that the addition of sodium citrate dihydrate as a capping agent largely prevented particle agglomeration and increased particle stability. Control over particle size, particularly in the nanometer scale, remains to be achieved; however, this work is a first step towards the development of polyP delivery systems for the treatment of OA.

A articulação do cotovelo é complexa e tem grande relevância clínica nos atendimentos aos pequenos animais. Esta região já foi bem explorada em pesquisas anteriores pelos métodos radiográficos e tomográficos, porém, ainda há poucos estudos relacionados à ultrassonografia. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a anatomia ultrassonográfica da articulação do cotovelo de cães e comparar com os achados das demais modalidades de diagnóstico por imagem. Dessa forma, demonstrar a capacidade da técnica de identificar as principais estruturas desta articulação e seu potencial uso em regiões onde a tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética não estiverem disponíveis. Dez animais com peso entre 5 kg e 15 kg foram radiografados e selecionados para o estudo ultrassonográfico. O protocolo para a descrição ultrassonográfica foi estabelecido dividindo-se as áreas da articulação em porções proximal, média e distal; e faces lateral, cranial, medial e caudal. A avaliação foi realizada nos planos longitudinais, transversais e oblíquos e as estruturas musculoesqueléticas foram descritas conforme sua arquitetura, ecogenicidade e ecotextura. Como parte complementar deste estudo um dos animais foi submetido aos exames de tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética. Em relação às estruturas visibilizadas, o exame ultrassonográfico foi eficiente para as análises muscular, tendínea e ligamentar. Os contornos ósseos e regiões sede de alterações de importância clínica, como processo coronóide medial da ulna e processo ancôneo também foram visibilizados, porém de forma limitada. O conhecimento prévio da anatomia ultrassonográfica normal da articulação do cotovelo, assim como das vantagens e limitações da técnica, permitem a realização de estudos subsequentes, relacionados às possíveis identificações de alterações musculoesqueléticas. / The elbow is a complex joint and has a great clinical relevance at the small animal medicine care. Previous research of this region has been explored using radiographic and tomographic methods, however, there are few studies related to ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to describe the ultrasonographic anatomy of the elbow joint of dogs and compare it with the findings of other types of diagnostic imaging. Thus, demonstrate the ability of this technique to identify the main structures of this joint and its potential use in regions where computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are not available. Ten animals weighing between 5 kg and 15 kg were radiographed and selected to the ultrasonographic study. The protocol was established for the ultrasonographic description dividing the articular areas in proximal, middle and distal; and lateral cranial, medial, and caudal faces. The approach was made in longitudinal, transverse and oblique planes and the musculoskeletal structures were described according to the architecture, echogenicity and echotexture. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance scans were made in one animal as an additional part of this study. Regarding visualized structures, the ultrasonography was efficient for muscle, tendon and ligament analysis. Bone contours and regions that have clinical significance such as medial coronoid process and anconeus process were identified, but with limited access. Prior knowledge of the normal sonographic anatomy of the elbow joint as well as the technical advantages and limitations allow pursuing further studies related to the possible identification of musculoskeletal disorders.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2004. / "July 2004." Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued on the Internet.