Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-12-12T11:23:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Simone Jorge Gon?alves.pdf: 2137316 bytes, checksum: bd74339e64b5643d32879c982ee09288 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-12T11:23:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simone Jorge Gon?alves.pdf: 2137316 bytes, checksum: bd74339e64b5643d32879c982ee09288 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-12 / The 1990s are marked by the federal, state and public manager?s interests and actions in evaluating public education institutions. Among these evaluation policies, the National High School Exam (Enem), instituted in 1998, stands out, which objective is not only verify the results of schools, but, especially, the avaluated individual. In 2009, there was a reformulation, now known as New Enem, instrument used for access to the federal public universities by the Unique System (Sisu); participation in government programs for the granting of scholarships to private universities: University for All Program (ProUni) and Student Funding (Fies). Another characteristic attributed to the exam is in the scores acquired by the participants are associated to the averages of the schools from which they study, the disclosure of such averages made possible the creation of rankings. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the school actors? perceptions about the Enem?s results use considering the score achieved by two state public schools of the exam. In order to reach the objective, a bibliographical and documentary research, documentary analysis; besides interviews with two managers of each school; focus groups with nine teachers and twelve students from one school; eight teachers and thirteen students from the other, totaling forty-six participants. As a result, it was verified that the relevance acquired by the Enem was maximized, since, besides the ranking of the schools, it does not consider the socioeconomic and cultural circumstances in which the students are enrolled, the exam has become a key element for access to higher education, making use of Sisu, ProUni or Fies. From the voices of the participants of the interviews and focus groups, it was possible to capture implications, contradictions, conflicts and tensions regarding the exam. Implications for schools that have their grades published in rankings and for students, since it is through this examination that access to higher education is obtained. There are also conflicts of interest of what management and teachers consider relevant in the teaching and learning processes with which students consider. It is identified, in addition to the above issues, contradictions regarding the perception that managers and teachers have about the pretensions of post high school students those students show have. The answers also reveal tensions experienced by the students because they do not feel sufficiently prepared to obtain satisfactory results in the exam. It is also revealed that there is no use of the results in any of the schools for the redirection of pedagogical practice. Thus, it is necessary to make changes in favor of the training of high school students, constituting the use of Enem as a reference to work in an interdisciplinary way in classrooms. / A d?cada de 1990 ? marcada por interesses e a??es dos gestores p?blicos federais, estaduais e municipais em avaliar as institui??es de ensino p?blico. Dentre tais pol?ticas de avalia??o, destaca-se o Exame Nacional do Ensino M?dio (Enem), institu?do em 1998, cujo objetivo n?o estaria apenas em verificar resultados das escolas, mas, sobretudo, do indiv?duo avaliado. A partir de 2009, ocorre a reformula??o do exame, vindo a ser chamado de Novo Enem, instrumento utilizado para acesso ?s universidades p?blicas federais pelo Sistema ?nico (Sisu), bem como ? participa??o nos programas governamentais de concess?o de bolsas de estudos para as universidades privadas ? o Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni) e o Financiamento Estudantil (Fies) ?. Outra caracter?stica atribu?da ao exame est? nas notas obtidas pelos participantes se associarem ?s m?dias das escolas de onde s?o provenientes e cuja divulga??o ensejou a cria??o de rankings. Dessa forma, esse trabalho teve por objetivo investigar as percep??es de atores escolares sobre o uso dos resultados do Enem, considerando a pontua??o lograda por duas escolas p?blicas estaduais no referido exame. Para alcan?ar o objetivo, realizou-se pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental, com an?lise documental, seguida por entrevistas com dois gestores de cada escola, al?m de grupos focais com nove professores e doze alunos de uma escola e oito professores e treze alunos de outra, totalizando quarenta e seis participantes. Como resultado, constatou-se que a relev?ncia adquirida pelo Enem foi maximizada, visto que, al?m do ranqueamento das escolas n?o considerar as circunst?ncias socioecon?micas e culturais em que se inserem os alunos, o exame foi se consolidando como pe?a fundamental para acesso ao ensino superior, por interm?dio do Sisu, ProUni ou Fies. Pelas vozes dos participantes das entrevistas e grupos focais, foi poss?vel captar implica??es, contradi??es, conflitos e tens?es com rela??o ao exame. Implica??es para as escolas, que t?m suas notas divulgadas em rankings, e para os alunos, visto que ? por meio deste exame que se obt?m acesso ao ensino superior. H? tamb?m conflitos de interesses envolvendo o que se considera relevante nos processos de ensino aprendizagem, dos diferentes pontos de vista da gest?o, de professores e dos alunos. Identifica-se, al?m das quest?es supracitadas, contradi??es em rela??o ? percep??o que os gestores e professores t?m sobre as pretens?es dos alunos p?s ensino m?dio daquelas que os estudantes revelam ter. As respostas revelam, ainda, tens?es vivenciadas pelos alunos por n?o se sentirem suficientemente preparados para a obten??o de resultados satisfat?rios no exame. Desvela-se, por final, que n?o h? uso dos resultados em nenhuma das escolas para o redirecionamento da pr?tica pedag?gica. Dessa forma, faz-se necess?rio que mudan?as sejam efetivadas em prol da forma??o dos alunos do ensino m?dio, constituindo o uso do Enem como refer?ncia para se trabalhar de forma interdisciplinar nas salas de aula.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T15:11:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 thaysalessandrasilvasacco.pdf: 2246199 bytes, checksum: e2b06ada77fcf8bf6558e4057dd336ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-22T15:15:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 thaysalessandrasilvasacco.pdf: 2246199 bytes, checksum: e2b06ada77fcf8bf6558e4057dd336ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-22T15:15:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 thaysalessandrasilvasacco.pdf: 2246199 bytes, checksum: e2b06ada77fcf8bf6558e4057dd336ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T15:15:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 thaysalessandrasilvasacco.pdf: 2246199 bytes, checksum: e2b06ada77fcf8bf6558e4057dd336ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Essa tese investigou as influências do Ideb sobre a satisfação profissional na visão de professores do 1º ao 5º ano em seis Escolas Estaduais em Juiz de Fora / MG. Teve como objetivo principal conhecer e verificar se e como a divulgação e os resultados do Ideb estão relacionados e influenciam na satisfação profissional docente e na condição de trabalho do professor e de que maneira isso afeta o contentamento que ele possa ter em relação à carreira. Selecionamos inicialmente, de forma intencional, quatro escolas estaduais e, posteriormente foram incluídas mais duas, somando seis escolas participantes da investigação. Os sujeitos de pesquisa foram os professores de 1º ao 5º ano, visando delimitar melhor a análise e nível de interesse para a pesquisa. Utilizamos como instrumento para recolhimento dos dados os questionários, aplicados somente na primeira etapa da pasquisa, nas quatro escolas selecionadas a priori, e, após, realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Com o intento de envolver uma gama de entendimentos sobre os assuntos analisados nesse estudo, é apresentado um multirreferencial teórico. Ou seja, não foi pré-determinado uma única teoria metodológica a fim de que, a partir das discussões engendradas e teorias diversas, pudéssemos compreender o tema proposto, oportunizando uma ampla visão, não única e generalista, mas que abrange um campo maior de entendimentos. A hipótese trabalhada neste percurso é de que os usos e a divulgação dos resultados do Ideb são causadores ou colaboram de alguma forma para a insatisfação profissional do professor. Diante dessa premissa, percorremos uma trajetória a fim de contextualizar o trabalho e recolher pistas sobre tal conjectura, dialogando com os sujeitos de pesquisa e articulando as informações obtidas com o estudo de diversos autores. Discorremos sobre: - as políticas de avaliação com o propósito de estabelecer um entendimento sobre o contexto em que o Ideb se insere e verificar seus efeitos relativos aos docentes; - a satisfação profissional, abarcando teorias que focalizam esse aspecto, visando compreender como isso se dá na profissão docente; apresentamos -os caminhos metodológicos percorridos, o campo de pesquisa e o perfil dos participantes e, por fim, - exploramos os dados para as análises e reflexões sobre o tema principal dessa investigação. Legitimamos alguns aspectos causadores de satisfação e insatisfação já apontados por alguns estudos e pesquisas, como o fato de gostar do que faz, o retorno positivo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento dos alunos, a questão da rotatividade e itinerância, as condições salariais e as condições de trabalho, a desvalorização profissional, a competição entre escolas e professores, entre outros. Entretanto, apresentou-se como aspectos substanciais e singulares que influenciam diretamente na insatisfação docente a apropriação e usos dos resultados das avaliações pelas escolas e professores, enfatizando o Ideb; a decorrência da Lei 100/MG e sua impugnação para professores que se enquadravam nela e a forma como a bonificação e a responsabilização provocam um sentimento de coerção aos docentes. / This thesis investigated the effects and consequences of the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) on job satisfaction of 1st to 5th grade teachers in six state schools of Juiz de Fora / MG. We aimed to meet and see if and how the disclosure and Ideb results are related and influence in teacher job satisfaction and teacher working condition and how it affects the contentment he may have regarding the career. We selected initially, intentionally, four state schools and were subsequently included two more, totaling six participating research schools. The research subjects were the 1st to 5th grade teachers, to better define the analysis and level of interest for research. Used as a tool for data gathering questionnaires, applied only in the first stage of the research, the four schools selected first, and after, we conducted semi-structured interviews. With the intent to involve a range of understandings on the issues analyzed in this study, a theoretical multi-referential is presented. So it was not predetermined a unique methodological theory so that, as of engineered and several theories discussions, we could understand the theme, providing opportunities for a broad view, not single, generalist, but covering a larger field of understanding. The hypothesis worked this route is that the use and disclosure of IDEB results are cause or collaborate in some way to the professional dissatisfaction of the teacher. Given this premise, we go through a path in order to contextualize the work and collect clues such conjecture, dialoguing with research subjects and articulating the information obtained from the study of various authors. We discuss: - assessment of policies in order to establish an understanding of the context in which the IDEB falls and check its effects relating to teachers; - Job satisfaction, embracing theories that focus on this aspect in order to understand how this happens in the teaching profession; -the present methodological paths taken, the search field and the profile of participants and, finally, - explore the data for analysis and reflection on the main theme of this investigation. Legitimize some causative aspects of satisfaction and dissatisfaction already mentioned by some studies and surveys, such as the fact that love what you do, the positive feedback from learning and development of students, the issue of turnover and roaming, wage conditions and working conditions , professional devaluation, competition among schools and teachers, among others. However, it appeared as a substantial and unique aspects that directly influence teacher dissatisfaction ownership and use of evaluation results by schools and teachers, emphasizing the IDEB; the result of Law 100 / MG and its challenge to teachers who fit into it and how the bonus and accountability provoke a sense of coercion to teachers.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ShirmeniaKSNE_DISSERT.pdf: 1503801 bytes, checksum: 85c65eface4a3d85729738729d6db512 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-30 / This thesis entitled SINAES: the different faces of the evaluation at UFRN, aims to analyze the configuration that the national policy for assessment in higher education has taken on UFRN. We assume that in recent years there are an oscillation between the concepts of evaluation, according with the logic of public administration it has preferred an approach that presents itself as a promoter of quality, sometimes with regulatory aspects, sometimes with educational ones. The text discusses the use of the new assessment tools for higher education placing them under the new demands on state reform context in which this is to promote and measure quality based on the values of excellence and competitiveness. This movement arises from the redefinition of the role of the State that has been taking features of Evaluator State. From a historical review of government initiatives in the field of evaluation, we analyze the characteristics of assessment policies outlined over the past decades. We are based on the theoretical method that aims to examine the multiple determinants that shape a particular reality from the larger movement of totality. To identify, in this case, connections and ruptures that have emerged over the history of assessment policies aimed at higher education by checking their determinants in order to better explain the reality. To investigate the object of this study we used as instruments: the research literature and research documents, the semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The study revealed that there are different practices of evaluation and that before to establishment the SINAES program, the UFRN already had a culture of an institutional assessment, more participatory and democratic, opposing to the rigidity of the self-assessment in SINAES program that it was instituted by the Commission for assessment (CPA). We also noticed that the implementation of the SINAES at URFN has been performed very slowly and the breadth and complexity of the evaluation process has contributed to hinder its implementation in all dimensions provided by MEC. Although it was observed that in its operationalization the SINAES has assumed a more normative assessment and directed to establish rankings between courses and higher education schools than to establish a more qualitative assessment in this system. As regards the evaluation of the undergraduate course studied on this research and subjected to the three dimensions of evaluation proposed by SINAES (self-assessment, Evaluation of Courses and ENADE) it was not possible to verify an effective integration between the methods of assessing conducted. The results are considered separately, in only a partial view of the course evaluated the proposal what pits the SINAES as a system that involves the totality / O presente trabalho intitulado SINAES: as diferentes faces da avalia??o na UFRN tem como objetivo analisar a configura??o que a pol?tica nacional de avalia??o para o ensino superior vem assumindo na UFRN. Partimos do pressuposto de que, nos ?ltimos anos, tem havido uma oscila??o entre as concep??es de avalia??o que, na l?gica da gest?o p?blica, tem privilegiado uma perspectiva que se apresenta como promotora da qualidade, ora com aspectos Estado avaliador. Ensino superior. Pol?ticas de avalia??o reguladores, ora formativos. O texto discute o uso da edifica??o de novos instrumentos de avalia??o para o ensino superior situando-a no ?mbito das novas demandas contextuais na reforma do Estado em que este passa a promover e mensurar a qualidade com base nos valores da excel?ncia e da competitividade. Esse movimento decorre da redefini??o do papel do Estado, que vem assumindo fei??es de Estado avaliador. A partir de uma retrospectiva hist?rica das iniciativas do governo no campo da avalia??o, explicitamos as caracter?sticas das pol?ticas de avalia??o delineadas ao longo das ?ltimas d?cadas. Servimo-nos de um referencial te?ricometodol?gico que visa analisar as m?ltiplas determina??es que configuram uma determinada realidade a partir de um movimento maior de totalidade. Nesse sentido, s?o identificadas conex?es e rupturas que surgiram, ao longo da hist?ria das pol?ticas de avalia??o voltadas para o ensino superior verificando os seus determinantes, visando explicar melhor a realidade. Para investigarmos o objeto de estudo, utilizamos, como procedimentos metodol?gicos, a pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental, as entrevistas semiestruturadas e a oberva??o n?o-participante. O estudo revelou haver, na institui??o, diferentes pr?ticas de avalia??o e que, antes da implanta??o do SINAES, j? havia uma cultura de avalia??o institucional, mais participativa e democr?tica que se contrap?e ? rigidez presente na autoavalia??o institu?da pelo SINAES e, seguida, pela Comiss?o Pr?pria de Avalia??o. Verificamos, tamb?m, que a implanta??o do SINAES, na URFN, vem sendo realizada de forma muito lenta e a amplitude e complexidade do processo avaliativo t?m contribuido para dificultar a sua implementa??o em todas as dimens?es previstas pelo MEC. Ainda foi poss?vel evidenciar que, em sua operacionaliza??o, o SINAES tem assumido uma postura de avalia??o muito mais normativa e voltada para o estabelecimento de rankings entre cursos e intitui??es do que em estabelecer uma avalia??o mais qualitativa do ensino. No que se refere ? avalia??o do Curso de gradua??o submetido ?s tr?s dimens?es de avalia??o propostas pelo SINAES (autoavalia??o, Avalia??o de Cursos e ENADE) n?o foi poss?vel verificar uma efetiva integra??o entre as modalidades de avalia??o realizadas. Os resultados s?o considerados isoladamente, em uma vis?o, apenas, parcial do curso avaliado o que descaracteriza a proposta do SINAES como um sistema de avalia??o global

This research comes from the interest in investigating and responding to questions concerning the new configurations for teaching work in network schools of the state Secretary of Education Minas Gerais, focusing as the main subject the policy of teachers performance evaluation. Such policies were implemented within the programs Choque de Gestão (2003-2006) and sedimented in the programs Minas para Resultados (2007-2010) and Gestão para a Cidadania (2011-2014) which are complementary. These policies and programs are analyzed in light of capital globalization, under the action of multilateral organizations and their guidance to the periphery of capitalism, in which the administrative reform of the Brazilian State apparatus occur. Educational policies and consequent reforms, assume a strategic role in several respects. The work of teachers takes prominence in this context, where it is considered, at the same time, the protagonist and obstacle assuming centrality in national and international documents. We chose as general goal of this research, to analyze and respond about the possibility of deepening the process of proletarianization of teachers, where extends not only the problematic economic background for these professionals, but also the loss of control over the objectives, methods and processes work, for what the evaluation, understood as a political category, is used to mediate the new model of professionalism, undoubtedly alongside other policies and instruments of control. For this journey, classic and contemporary authors are revisited in order to clarify the theoretical and methodological matrix of reforms, on the one hand, and make them the object of critical analysis on the other. The methodology involves the use of primary and secondary sources, and subsequent analysis for development of displayed subject study. / Esta pesquisa nasce do interesse em investigar e responder a questões concernentes às novas configurações para o trabalho docente, na rede de ensino da Secretaria Estadual de Educação Minas Gerais, tendo, como eixo norteador, a política de avaliação de desempenho dos docentes. Tal política foi implementadas no âmbito dos programas Choque de Gestão (2003-2006) e sedimentadas nos programas Minas para Resultados (2007-2010) e Gestão para a Cidadania (2011-2014). Essas políticas e programas são analisados à luz da mundialização do capital, sob a ação dos organismos multilaterais e suas orientações para a periferia do capitalismo, onde ocorre a reforma administrativa do aparelho do Estado brasileiro. As políticas educacionais e as reformas decorrentes assumem papel estratégico sob diversos aspectos. O trabalho docente assume destaque nesse quadro, onde ele é considerado, ao mesmo tempo, protagonista e obstáculo, assumindo centralidade nos documentos internacionais e nacionais. Elegemos para objetivo geral desta pesquisa analisar e responder sobre a possibilidade do aprofundamento do processo de proletarização dos docentes, onde se amplia, não somente a problemática de fundo econômico para estes profissionais, mas também a perda do controle sobre os objetivos, métodos e processos de trabalho, para o quê a avaliação, entendida como categoria política, é utilizada para mediar o novo modelo de profissionalização, sem dúvida ao lado de outras políticas e instrumentos de controle. Para tal percurso, autores clássicos e contemporâneos são revisitados a fim de explicitar as matrizes teórico-metodológicas das reformas, por um lado, e torná-las objeto de analise crítica, por outro. A metodologia compreende a utilização de fontes primárias e secundárias e consequente análise para desenvolvimento do estudo do objeto em tela. / Doutor em Educação

Abstracts in English, Tswana, Venda and Tsonga / The study explored the significance of educator’s assessment practices for learners who experience barriers to learning within the senior phase in Tshwane North District. The goal of the study was to explore the challenges that affect educators’ assessment practices for learners experiencing barriers to learning within Senior Phase. The study used the conceptual system based on the framework recommended by Hargreaves, Earl, and Schmidt (2002). The framework comprised four viewpoints which incorporate technological, cultural, political, and post-modern measurements. The model is exceptionally accommodating in explaining and justifying educator’s assessment practices. A phenomenological case study design was adopted in this study. Qualitative data collection instruments were used to gather data. The participants included 4 educators, 4 Deputy Principals, 4 Institutional Level Support Team (ILST) Coordinators, and 4 School Assessment Team (SAT) Coordinators. In addition, the other participants from District Office included the Head of District Assessment Team (DAT) and the Head of the District Level Support Team (DLST). Content analysis was utilised to dissect the data which was gathered in the study. The study revealed various barriers that hinder assessment practices when assessing learners experiencing barriers to learning. Amongst others overcrowding, non-availability of resources, lack of training of educators in assessing learners experiencing barriers to learning, insufficient parental involvement, insufficient support from the ILST and the DLST emerged as factors which negatively affected educators’ assessment practices in inclusive education classrooms. The results in this study resulted in the development of a Comprehensive Inclusive Classroom Assessment Model (CICAM) for Senior Phase secondary school educators in Tshwane North District. The researcher developed a model which responds to the needs of learners experiencing barriers to learning so that their pedagogical and assessment needs are catered for adequately. The model showed the convergence of different stakeholders which are required on board for inclusive education assessment experience for educators and learners to be effective and efficient as well. It was recommended that inclusive assessment practices should be flexible and provide tailor-made assessment practices which accommodate all learners despite their diversity. In this regard it was further recommended that assessment in inclusive classrooms should be adapted to ensure that assessment practices address the pedagogical and psychological needs of all learners in the classroom. The researcher believes that legitimate and adequate training can provide educators with clarity around what is anticipated of when assessing learners who experience barriers to learning. One of the recommendations is that teacher development and an ongoing support from the Department of Basic Education (DBE) needs to become a priority. / Thutopatlisiso e lebeletse bomaleba jwa ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo tsa barutabana malebana le barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta mo Legatong le Legolwane, mo dikolong tsa sekontari mo Kgaolong ya Bokone jwa Tshwane. Maikemisetso a thutopatlisiso e ne e le go lebelela dikgwetlho tse di amang ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo tsa barutababa ba barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta mo Legatong le Legolwane. Thutopatlisiso e dirisitse tsamaiso ya dikakanyo, e e ikaegileng ka letlhomeo le le atlenegisitsweng ke Hargreaves, Earl le Schmidt (2002). Letlhomeso le na le dintlhapono di le nne, tse di akaretsang ditekanyetso tsa thekenoloji, setso, sepolotiki le morago ga sejwalejwale. Sekao se mosola thata mo go tlhaloseng le go amogela ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo tsa morutabana. Go dirisitswe thadiso ya thutopatlisiso ya kgetse ya ditiragalo mo thutopatlisisong eno. Go dirisitswe didiriswa tsa kokoanyo ya data tsa molebo o o lebelelang mabaka go kokoanya data. Banni-le-seabe ba akareditse barutabana ba le 4, batlatsabagokgo ba le 4, bagokaganyi ba setlhophatshegetso sa legato la setheo (ILST) ba le 4 le bagokaganyi ba setlhopha sa tlhatlhobo sa sekolo (SAT) ba le 4. Go tlaleletsa, go nnile le banni-le-seabe ba ba tlhophilweng go tswa kwa Kantorong ya Kgaolo, go akarediwa Tlhogo ya Setlhopha sa Tlhatlhobo sa Kgaolo (DAT) le Tlhogo ya Setlhophatshegetso sa Legato la Kgaolo (DLST). Go dirisitswe tokololo ya diteng go lokolola data e e kokoantsweng mo thutopatlisisong. Thutopatlisiso e senotse dikgoreletsi di le mmalwa tse di kgoreletsang ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo fa go tlhatlhobiwa barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta. Mo thutopatlisisong, go tlhageletse gore go tlala go feta tekano, go tlhokega ga ditlamelo, tlhaelo ya katiso ya barutabana ya tlhatlhobo ya barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta, go se nne le seabe go go lekaneng ga batsadi, le go se nne le tshegetso e e lekaneng go tswa go ILST le DLST ke dintlha dingwe tse di amang ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo tsa barutabana ka tsela e e sa siamang mo diphaposiborutelong tsa thuto tse di akaretsang botlhe. Dipholo tsa thutopatlisiso eno di dirile gore go tlhamiwe sekao se se akaretsang sa tlhatlhobo ya phaposiborutelo e e akaretsang botlhe (CICAM) go dirisiwa ke barutabana ba Legato le Legolwane mo dikolong tsa sekontari mo Kgaolong ya Bokone jwa Tshwane. Mmatlisisi o tlhamile sekao se se tsamaelanang le ditlhokego tsa barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta, gore ditlhokego tsa bona tsa thuto le tlhatlhobo di kgotsofadiwe mo go lekaneng. Sekao se bontshitse go kopana ga baamegi ba ba farologaneng, ba ba tlhokegang gore maitemogelo a tlhatlhobo ya thuto e e akaretsang botlhe e nne bokgoni le nonofo mo barutabaneng le mo barutwaneng. Go atlenegisitswe gore ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo e e akaretsang botlhe e tshwanetse go obega mme e tlamele ka ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo tse di diretsweng lebaka tse di tlaa amogelang barutwana, go sa kgathalesege dipharologano tsa bona. Mo ntlheng eno, go atlenegisitswe gape gore tlhatlhobo mo diphaposiborutelong tse di akaretsang botlhe e tshwanetse go fetolwa go netefata gore ditiragatso tsa tlhatlhobo di samagana le ditlhokego tsa thuto le tsa seemo sa tlhaloganyo tsa barutwana botlhe mo phaposiborutelong. Mmatlisisi o dumela gore katiso ya boamaaruri le e e lekaneng e ka sedimosa barutabana malebana le se ba tshwanetseng go se solofela fa ba tlhatlhoba barutwana ba ba itemogelang dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta. Nngwe ya dikatlenegiso ke gore katiso ya barutabana le tlamelo ya tshegetso e e tswelelang pele go tswa kwa Lefapheng la Thuto ya Motheo (DBE) e nne setlapele. / Ngudo yo wanulusa ndeme ya nyito dza ndingo dza vhadededzi zwi tshi ya kha vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli zwa u guda kha Vhuimo ha Nṱha, zwikoloni zwa sekondari Tshiṱirikini tsha Tshwane Devhula. Tshipikwa tsha ngudo ho vha u wanulusa khaedu dzine dza kwama nyito dza ndingo dza vhadededzi kha vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli zwa u guda kha Vhuimo ha Nṱha. Ṱhoḓisiso yo shumisa sisiṱeme ya muṱalukanyo, yo ḓisendekaho nga furemiweke yo themendelwaho nga Vho Hargreaves, Earl na Schmidt (2002). Furemiweke yo bveledza mbonalo nṋa, dzine dza katela thekhinoḽodzhi, mvelele, poḽotiki, maga a nga murahu ha zwino. Tshiedziswa tshi shumiswa nga maanḓa kha u ṱalutshedza na u khwaṱhisedza nyito dza ndingo dza vhadededzi. Ho shumiswa maitele a zwiitei kha ngudo heyi. Zwishumiswa zwa u kuvhanganya data ya khwaḽithethivi zwo shumiswa u kuvhanganya data. Vhadzheneli hu katelwa vhadededzi vhaṋa, vhathusa ṱhoho dza zwikolo vhaṋa, vhapfananyi vhaṋa vha thimu ya thikhedzo kha ḽeveḽe ya tshiimiswa (ILST) na vhapfananyi vhaṋa vha thimu ya ndingo ya tshikolo (SAT). U ḓadzisa kha zwenezwo, ho vha na vhadzheneli vho nangwaho u bva Ofisini ya Tshiṱiriki, hu tshi katelwa Ṱhoho ya Thimu ya Ndingo dza Tshiṱiriki (DAT) na Ṱhoho ya Thimu ya Thikhedzo kha Ḽeveḽe ya Tshiṱiriki (DLST). Ho shumiswa musaukanyo wa maṅwalo u khethekanya data yo kuvhanganyiwaho kha ngudo iyi. Ṱhoḓisiso yo wanulusa uri zwithivheli zwinzhi zwine zwa thivhela nyito dza ndingo musi hu tshi khou lingiwa vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli kha u guda. Kha ngudo, ho wanuluswa uri u ḓalesa, u sa wanala ha zwishumiswa, u shaya vhugudisi kha vhadededzi kha u linga vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli zwa u guda, u sa ḓidzhenisa lwo linganaho nga vhabebi, na u sa wana thikhedzo yo fhelelaho kha ILST na DLST ndi zwiṅwe zwiṱaluli zwe zwa kwama lu si lwa vhuḓi nyito dza ndingo dza vhadededzi kiḽasini ya pfunzo yo katelaho vhagudiswa vhoṱhe. Mvelelo kha ngudo heyi dzo bveledza mveledziso ya tshiedziswa tsho fhelelaho tsha ndingo ya kiḽasi yo katelaho vhagudiswa vhoṱhe (CICAM) kha Vhuimo ha Nṱha, vhadededzi vha tshikolo tsha sekondari Tshiṱirikini tsha Tshwane Devhula. Muṱoḓisisi o bveledza tshiedziswa tshine tsha fhindula kha ṱhoḓea dza vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli zwa u guda, uri ṱhoḓea dzavho dza u funza na dza ndingo dzi katelwe nga nḓila yo teaho. Tshiedziswa tshi sumbedza u ṱanganelana ha vhadzhiamukovhe vho fhambanaho, hune ha ṱoḓea kha tshenzhelo ya pfunzo ya ndingo yo katelaho vhagudiswa vhoṱhe u vha yo teaho na u kona kha vhadededzi na vhagudiswa. Ho themendelwa uri nyito ya ndingo yo katelaho vhagudiswa vhoṱhe i tea u konisa na u ṋetshedza nyito dza ndingo dzo itelwaho ṱhoḓea dzine dza ḓo katela vhagudiswa vhoṱhe, zwi si na ndavha na u fhambana havho. Kha heḽi sia, ho dovha ha themendelwa hu tshi iswa phanḓa uri ndingo kha kiḽasi yo katelaho vhagudiswa vhoṱhe i fanela u khwiniswa u vhona zwauri nyito dza ndingo dzi khou fhindula ṱhoḓea dza u funza na dza muhumbulo kha vhana vhoṱhe vha re kiḽasini. Muṱoḓisisi u tenda kha uri u khwaṱha na vhugudisi ho teaho zwi nga ṋetshedza vhadededzi u vha khagala kha zwine zwa tea u lavhelelwa musi vha tshi linga vhagudiswa vhane vha tshenzhela zwithivheli zwa u guda. Iṅwe ya themendelo ndi ya uri mveledziso ya mudededzi na mbetshelo ya thikhedzo i yaho phanḓa u bva kha Muhasho wa Pfunzo ya Mutheo (DBE) zwi fanela u dzhielwa nṱha. / Ndzavisiso wu valange vutivikani bya maendlelo ya makambelelo ya vadyondzisi hi mayelana na vadyondzi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka ku dyondza eka Xiyimo xa le Henhla, eswikolweni swa sekondari eka Xifundzatsongo xa Tshwane-N'walungu. Xikongomelokulu xa ndzavisiso lowu a ku ri ku valanga mitlhontlho leyi yi khumbaka maendlelo ya makambelelo ya vadyondzisi ya vadyondzi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka ku dyondza eka Xiyimo xa le Henhla. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tirhise sisiteme ya xinongoti, leyi simekiweke eka rimba leri bumabumeriweke hi Hargreaves, Earl na Schmidt (2002). Rimba leri ri vumbiwa hi mune wa mavonelo, lama ya katsaka mipimo ya swa thekinoloji, swa mfuwo, swa tipolitiki na swa le ndzhaku ka ximanguvalawa. Modlolo lowu wu pfuna hi ndlela ya kahle swinene eka ku hlamusela na ku tiyisisa maendlelo ya makambelelo ya vadyondzisi. Dizayini ya ndzavisiso wa mhaka ya ntivomichumu yi amukeriwile eka ndzavisiso lowu. Switirho swa nhlengeleto wa data ya risima swi tirhisiwile eka ku hlengeleta data. Vatekaxiave va katse 4 wa vadyondzisi, 4 wa swandla swa tinhloko ta swikolo, 4 wa vakondleteri va swipano swa nseketelo swa levhele ya nhlangano (ILST) na 4 wa vakondleteri va swipano swa makambelelo ya swikolo (SAT). Hi ku engetela, a ku ri na vatekaxiave kusuka eka Hofisi ya Xifundzatsongo, ku katsa na Nhloko ya Xipano xa Makambelelo ya Swifundzatsongo (DAT) na Nhloko ya Xipano xa Nseketelo wa Levhele ya Swifundzatsongo (DLST). Nxopaxopo wa vundzeni wu tirhisiwile eka ku tlhantlha data leyi a yi hlengeletiwile eka ndzavisiso lowu. Ndzavisiso wu paluxe swirhalanganyi swo hambanahambana leswi swi kavanyeteke maendlelo ya makambelelo loko ku kamberiwa vadyondzi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka ku dyondza. Eka ndzavisiso lowu, swi tumbulukile leswaku ku tala kutlula mpimo, nkavukona wa swipfuno, mpfumaleko wa vuleteri bya vadyondzisi eka ku kambela vadyondzisi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka ku dyondza, ku khumbeka ka vatswari loku nga ringanelangiki, na nseketelo lowu nga ringanelangiki kusuka eka ILST na DLST a ku ri swin'wana swa swiphemu leswi khumbaka hi ndlela yo homboloka maendlelo ya makambelelo ya vadyondzisi eka tikamara to dyondzela ta dyondzo to katsa hinkwavo. Mivuyelo eka ndzavisiso yi tumbuluxe nhluvukiso wa modlolo wa makambelelo ya kamara ro dyondzela ro katsa hinkwavo ro katsakanya (CICAM) eka Xiyimo xa le Henhla, vadyondzisi va le swikolweni swa sekondari eka Xifundzatsongo xa Tshwane-N'walungu. Mulavisisi u hluvukise modlolo lowu wu angulaka eka swidingo swa vadyondzi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka ku dyondza, ku endlela leswaku swidingo swa vona swa madyondziselo na swa makambelelo swi tirhiwa hi ndlela yo ringanela. Modlolo lowu wu kombe nhlangano wa vakhomaxiave vo hambanahambana, lava va lavekaka eka ntokoto wa makambelelo ya dyondzo yo katsa hinkwavo leswaku yi tirha kahle na ku nga tlangisi swipfuno eka vadyondzisi na vadyondzi. Ku bumabumeriwile leswaku maendlelo ya makambelelo yo katsa hinkwavo ya fanele ku cincacinceka na ku nyika maendlelo ya makambelelo lama endleriweke xikongomelo xolexo lama nga ta amukela vadyondzi hinkwavo, hambiloko ku ri na ku hambana. Eka mhaka leyi, ku tlhele ku bumabumeriwa leswaku makambelelo eka tikamara to dyondzela to katsa hinkwavo ya fanele fambelanisiwa ku tiyisisa leswaku maendlelo ya makambelelo ya tirhana na swidingo swa madyondziselo na swa le miehleketweni swa vadyondzi hinkwavo lava nga ekamareni ro dyondzela. Mulavisisi u kholwa leswaku vuleteri lebyi amukelekaka na ku va byo ringanela byi nga kota ku nyika vadyondzisi ntwisiso hi mayelana na leswi swi faneleke ku languteriwa loko ku kamberiwa vadyondzi lava hlanganaka na swirhalanganyi eka dyondza. Xin'wana xa swibumabumelo hi leswaku nhluvukiso wa vadyondzisi na ku nyikiwa ka nseketelo lowu yaka emahlweni kusuka eka Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo ya Masungulo (DBE) swi fanele ku rhangisiwa emahlweni. / Inclusive Education / D. Ed. (Inclusive Education)