Radiative Decays of the phi-meson to the scalar mesons f0(980) and a0(980) are investigated within the framework of charged kaon loop model for both point-like scalar mesons and for scalar mesons with extended structure. Then, the radiative phi-meson decay into neutral K-meson is studied via a two step mechanism in which the scalar mesons couple the final state to the phi-meson through the charged kaon loop. The branching ratio of this decay is calculated and it is shown that this reaction will not provide a significant background to the measurements of phi-meson into neutral K-meson states decay for testing CP violation.

During the years between 1994 and 1997, the emulsion target of the CHORUS experiment was exposed to the wide band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS of 27 GeV average energy collecting about 106 neutrino interactions. A measurement of induced charm production and search for anticharmed pentaquark (0 c ) have been performed by using the presence of a 6% component in the beam. By requiring a positive muon charge as determined by the CHORUS muon spectrometer, 46 -induced charm events were observed with an estimated background of 5:20:4 events. At an average antineutrino energy of 18 GeV in the neutrino beam, the charm production rate induced by is

We present a search for scalar and tensor unparticles in the diphoton final state produced in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 10 TeV, with the CMS detector at LHC. The analysis focuses on the data sample corresponding to the integrated luminosity of 100 pb&amp / #8722 / 1, expected to be collected in the first LHC run. The exclusion limits on unparticle parameters, scaling dimension dU and coupling constant lambda, and the discovery potential for unparticles are presented. This is the first simulation study of the sensitivity to unparticles decaying into the diphoton final state at a hadron collider.

The littlest Higgs model is one of the most economical solution to the hierarchy problem of the standard model. It predicts existence of new gauge vectors and also new scalars, neutral and charged. The littlest Higgs model predicts the existence of new scalars beside a scalar that can be assigned as Higgs scalar of the standard model. In this thesis, the production of scalars in $e^+e^-$ colliders is studied. The scalar productions associated with standard model Higgs boson are also analyzed. The effects of the parameters of the littlest Higgs model to these processes are examined in detail. The collider phenomenology of the littlest Higgs model is strongly dependant on the free parameters of the model, which are the mixing angles $s,s&#039 / $ and the symmetry breaking scale $f$. The parameters of the model are strongly restricted when the fermions are charged under only one $U(1)$ subgroup. In this thesis, by charging fermions under two $U(1)$ subgroups, the constraints on the symmetry braking scale and the mixing angles are relaxed. In the littlest Higgs model, the existence of charged heavy scalars also displays an interesting feature. By writing a Majorano like term in the Yukawa Lagrangian, these heavy charged scalars are allowed to decay in to lepton pairs, violating lepton number and flavor. In this thesis, the leptonic final states and also the lepton flavor and number violating final signals are also analyzed. As a result of these thesis, it is predicted that the scalar production will be in the reach for a $sqrt{S}=2TeV$ $e^+ e^-$ collider, giving significant number of lepton flavor violating signals depending on the Yukawa couplings of the flavor violating term.

In this thesis, we study the subject of geometrical phases in detail by considering its various forms. We focus primarily on the relation between quantum geometrical phases and magnetic monopoles, and study how one can make use of the concepts of geometrical phases to define magnetic monopoles.

OPERA stands for Oscillation Project with Emulsion t-Racking Apparatus. The main goal of the OPERA experiment is to search for tau neutrino appearance in almost pure muon neutrino beam. The detector is located at Gran Sasso, 730 km away from the neutrino source, at CERN. In this thesis, the reconstruction efficiency and purity of neutrino interactions in the OPERA target have been studied by using Monte Carlo simulation. The efficiency of primary vertex reconstruction for muon neutrino Charge Current (CC) events is estimated as 83.2 percent. The main source of inefficiency is due to Quasi-elastic like topologies in which only one track is reconstructed. The purity of primary vertex tracks is found to be 99 percent. On the other hand, the reconstruction efficiency for muon neutrino CC charm events is estimated to be 90.2 percent, while the purity of the primary tracks is 67 percent. The low purity is due the fact that the secondary vertex tracks are wrongly assigned in the primary vertex. This spoils the purity.

Particle physics experiments with low event rates highly depend on background suppression methods. Neutron component of the ambient background radiation is especially problematic since neutrons are difficult to shield directly. TEXONO collaboration has employed a hybrid neutron detector composed of two different scintillating materials to measure the neutron background directly in the Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Laboratory. Detector is operated after calibration and optimization studies and from collected data, neutron flux is obtained using computational methods.

The study is mainly focused on Monte Carlo simulation of carbon fragmentation in nuclear emulsion. The carbon ion is selected as a remarkable candidate for the cancer therapy usages due to its high efficiency in depositing majority of its energy in the narrow region which is called Bragg Peak. On the other hand, the main side effect of heavy-ion therapy is the radiation dose beyond the Bragg Peak which damages the healthy tissues. Therefore the use of heavy-ion in cancer therapy requires accurate understanding of ion-matter interactions which result in the production of secondary particles. A Geant4 based simulation of carbon fragmentation has been done considering 400 MeV/n carbon beam directed to the detector which is made of nuclear emulsion films, interleaved with lexan layers. Four different models in Geant4 are compared with recent real data. Among the four different models, Binary Cascade Model (BIC) shows a better agreement with real data.

This document gives an overview of the proposed MSc study. The main goal of the study is to model the cases listed in the code benchmark study of the International Atomic Energy Agency CRP–6 fuel performance study (Verfondern & Lee, 2005). The platform that will be employed is the GETTER code (Keshaw & van der Merwe, 2006). GETTER was used at PBMR for the release calculations of metallic and some non–metallic long–lived fission products. GETTER calculates the transport of fission products from their point of fission to release from the fuel surface taking into account gas precursors and activation products. Results show that for certain experiments the codes correspond very well with the experimental data whilst in others there are orders of magnitude differences. It can be seen that very similar behaviour is observed in all codes. Improvements are needed in updating the strontium diffusion coefficient and in understanding, on a deeper level, the transport of silver in TRISO particles and how it deviates from simple diffusion models. / Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

This document gives an overview of the proposed MSc study. The main goal of the study is to model the cases listed in the code benchmark study of the International Atomic Energy Agency CRP–6 fuel performance study (Verfondern & Lee, 2005). The platform that will be employed is the GETTER code (Keshaw & van der Merwe, 2006). GETTER was used at PBMR for the release calculations of metallic and some non–metallic long–lived fission products. GETTER calculates the transport of fission products from their point of fission to release from the fuel surface taking into account gas precursors and activation products. Results show that for certain experiments the codes correspond very well with the experimental data whilst in others there are orders of magnitude differences. It can be seen that very similar behaviour is observed in all codes. Improvements are needed in updating the strontium diffusion coefficient and in understanding, on a deeper level, the transport of silver in TRISO particles and how it deviates from simple diffusion models. / Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.