It was the purpose of this study (1) to find out what use is being made of the tape recorders as shown by the literature; (2) to find out by questionnaires to what extent they are used in the city school districts of California; (3) to find out by personal interviews the extent to which they are used in nearby counties and comparable neighboring school districts; (4) to determine the administrative practices and extent of use of tape recorders within elementary schools of the Modesto City School District, and (5) to recommend a program of administration and use of tape recorders based upon the findings of this survey.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 63 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-63).

M.Ed. (Media Studies) / As man is a dynamic being living in a 'world where "information (including knowledge) is accumulating in many fields at rates far exceeding a worker's capacity to absorb it" (Hawkridge, 1983:5) his initial training will always be insufficient and should be supplemented by means of in-service and further training. It appears that, because of financial and other reasons, further training will increasingly take place by means of tele-tuition. In the past few years, the sound cassette has been used more and more in tele-tuition owing to features such as its convenience, availability, inexpensiveness and effectiveness . Among the problems identified is that very few lecturers are familiar with the special didactic demands of tele-tuition and especially the use of the sound cassette as educational medium in the tele-tuition situation. Structured directions on the use of sound cassettes, to assist the lecturer, could not be found in the literature. This situation can easily lead to a haphazard and ineffective use of the sound cassette. The objective of this study, therefore, is to provide the lecturer with guidelines regarding the planning, production and use of sound cassettes in tele-tuition. In order to accomplish this objective, it was necessary to study existing literature and to talk with people who are authorities in their separate fields. With the information gathered, a frame of reference regarding tele-tuition at tertiary level was structured as basis for further discussion. Thereafter the potential of the cassette and the criteria that should be taken into consideration when planning, producing and using the sound cassette, were discussed. This led to some suggestions regarding the lecturer's preparation, the production, indexing, dispatch and evaluation of sound cassettes, and briefing the student on the use thereof. This study does not see the sound cassette as a panacea, but as an under-exploited educational medium with great potential in the tele-tuition situation

This study examined the differential effects of an audiotaped progressive relaxation message and an audiotaped positive reinterpretation message, repeatedly presented over three sessions to socially anxious subjects. Self report measures of social anxiety, attitude towards anxiety, coping effectiveness, and acceptance of anxious self, and the frequency of action taken in target situations were examined. The subjects were 14 males and females aged 19-38 (M=26.14) who were randomly assigned to either positive reinterpretation or progressive relaxation treatment condition. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated no clear statistically significant support for the superiority of one treatment approach over the other, or for the uniform differential effectiveness of the two treatments over time. There was a significant difference between the two groups on the measure of social anxiety but this difference was time dependent, that is, time interacted positively with one group relative to the other group at follow-up, and the reverse was true at post-test. Effect size indicated clinically meaningful differences between treatment groups on attitude towards anxiety and on acceptance of anxious self. / Education, Faculty of / Graduate

No description available.

No description available.

The problem of this study was to compare arithmetic performance scores of pupils who had been presented tape-recorded instruction with arithmetic performance scores of pupils who had received the same instruction by means of traditional teaching methods.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University. / Typescript. Sponsor: Francis Shoemaker. Dissertation Committee: Louis Forsdale. Type B project. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-113).

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of listening to mastery rehearsal audio tapes and mental readiness prior to practice and meets. Eleven members of the Modesto Junior College Swim Team were given instructions to create individual mastery tapes. The swimmers were to use the tapes before every practice and meet for six weeks, at which time the subjects were interviewed. A combination of an interview guide and standardized open-ended interview was used to examine the experiences of the swimmers using the tapes. Qualitative methodology was used to inductively analyze the interview transcripts. From the raw data collected, eight high order themes were categorized into three general dimensions that were experienced by swimmers both before practice and meets. The three general dimensions include: positive mental attitude; maintaining appropriate focus; and heightened arousal. Maintaining appropriate focus and heightened arousal before meets were the highest shared dimensions experienced by ninety-one percent of the swimmers. The second highest shared dimension was that of maintaining mental attitude before practice, expressed by eighty-two percent of the swimmers. Mastery tapes appear very powerful in the development of imagery. One hundred percent of the swimmers expressed the tape helped enhance their imagery. Negative factors including frustrations and improvement suggestions were also discussed to provide the reader with important information for future use of mastery tapes. The strength of this study was the rich description of experience discussed by the subject. From this description the study emphasized the importance of developing preperformance routines structured for each individual athlete.