Over a three-week period in March and April 2015, I administered an action research project in a grade eight mathematics class. I addressed a need for comprehension of two term algebraic equations by applying inquiry-based learning practices to a series of lessons, beginning with allowing my students to create actual working balances in the classroom. I utilized these balances to explore depth of knowledge related to solving linear algebraic equations and the basic mathematical concept of equality. Through observations, collection of student work, field notes, and student interviews, I gained knowledge about how students learn the crucial concept of equality and how inquiry impacts their understanding. I synthesized this knowledge by identifying four components or “themes” that are crucial in helping students learn: (1) community and collaboration, (2) time and space to think and discover, (3) connecting hands-on and symbolic learning, and (4) multiple learning pathways. / February 2016

El presente Trabajo Aplicativo se desarrolla en función de la realidad actual de una empresa de Alimentos y Bebidas, situada en el Perú y con presencia internacional, a la cual llamamos PEP Alimentos S.R.L. (en adelante “PEP”). PEP, en el momento de análisis elegido, presenta un problema en el área de Capital Humano, pues ésta posee un alto índice de rotación de personal y el incremento de las renuncias voluntarias en los puestos estratégicos para la corporación. A raíz del problema detectado en el punto anterior, de nada poca importancia, se dispuso la implementación un análisis situacional de la empresa, enfocado en el personal con mayor presencia del problema descubierto, esto son: los Profesionales, Mandos Medios y Gerentes (grupo que llamaremos Ejecutivos). Las herramientas para buscar las causas del problema detectado en el personal, se eligieron los siguientes: (i) Encuesta de Clima; (ii) Entrevistas de Salida; y (iii) Focus Group. Los resultados de las herramientas elegidas para la búsqueda de las razones de nuestro problema nos demostraron, de manera evidente, la existencia de problemas que van más allá al problema inicialmente detectado, los que además de ser solucionados, deberán buscar que éstos busquen como objetivos convertir a la empresa en un mejor lugar para trabajar y la mejor opción para trabajar en el caso de ejecutivos, tomando en cuenta cinco (05) pilares importantes para PEP: salario y bono; balance vida trabajo, convenios institucionales, red de descuentos de entretenimiento y tus hijos como parte de la familia PEP. Ahora bien, detectado los problemas, lo siguiente es buscar en una solución, dentro de los parámetros permitidos por nuestro presupuesto o nuestras posibilidades. De esta manera, se ha buscado la implementación de un programa (PROGRAMA RECOMPENSA TOTAL). El Programa de Recompensa Total, se ha enfocado en siete (7) dimensiones a efectos de solucionar de más los problemas detectados. El Programa Recompensa Total, se dispone a cumplir con los objetivos El Programa de Recompensa Total planteado será solventado con el incremento de las ventas que busca la empresa bajo estrategia. De esta manera, se ha buscado que, en la manera de lo posible, como fue el caso de las soluciones planteadas en nuestra Dimensión Balance Vida Trabajo, no fueran muy costosas (en efecto, se buscó mayormente la compensación de horas más no sobre pagos). En efecto, tampoco se busca opacar las metas en ventas impuestas por otras áreas.

Los temas de seguridad han cobrado relevancia en Sudamérica en la última década. En medio de tensiones y disputas en torno a temas diversos, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Perú y Ecuador han iniciado importantes programas de adquisición,  renovación  y  fortalecimiento de sus arsenales. El incremento gradual de los gastos en armamento desde el año 2006 ha iniciado una visible dinámica de competencia en términos militares entre estos Estados, agravando el dilema de seguridad y manteniendo percepciones de amenaza entre los países de la región. A través de la teoría del balance ofensivo-defensivo, que determina la relativa eficacia de las estrategias ofensivas o defensivas de seguridad, se analizan los efectos  de los nuevos arsenales  sobre la estabilidad sudamericana.

In this thesis, it was analysed the current nutrition of cattle especially in calves and cos, because nutrition plays a signifiant role in these categories, leading to the following high milk production. The content of the work is mainly focused on the nutrition of dairy cows and their performance when feeding different feed rations, which were presented to the time in the years 2013/2014 and 2015. Ration differed only in the administered of the product B, when TMR Balance from the time this was shot administered from May 2014. The observation took place on private agricultural farm in Podkrkonoší. The farm was observed a group of dairy cows, mostly Czech pied breed, which had a combined 34 pieces, 4 Holsteins and 30 Czech pied breed. The group of animals arrived in the feed ration years 2013/2014 without granulate TMR Balance B and the same group of dairy cows, then began to submit feed ration with granulate. Statistically are evaluated on the first lactation cows, which were given the first shot immediately after calving. A group of cows which was observed on the first lactation include 11 cows. The work was observed their performance according to the above data form performance tests conducted by the Bohemian- Moravian Association of breeders. On the basis of the results achieved can be stated, that the preparation of TMR Balance B added to the diet increased the productivity of dairy cows on the farm, because the settlement has occurred, the ration supply a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals needed to produce more high - quality milk and better health of dairy cows. Milk yield of milk is according to achieved and evidence of the results of picking up on the 614,64 kg in 305 days of lactation, on the 802,91 kg in 200 days of lactation, on the 371,59 kg in 100 days of lactation. Demonstrated also increased the performance of the protein for the 28,93 kg.

Falls can have severe consequences for elderly adults. In 2000, nearly 10,300 people aged 65 years or older died as a result of falls, and 2.6 million individuals were treated for non-fatal fall-related injuries. In order to reduce fall incidences, it is important to identify possible causes of falls, such as muscle weakness and imbalance. In this study, we examined balance control in the elderly during task transitions while performing the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). The TUG is a commonly used clinical balance test that includes transition phases between three daily activity tasks: sit-to-stand, walking and turning. Our findings suggested that elderly adults, especially fallers, have reduced balance control ability while making transitions during TUG. During sit-to-walk (STW), when compared to young adults, elderly adults demonstrated a smaller forward center of mass (COM) velocity, a smaller anterior-posterior (A-P) COM-Ankle angle, and a larger upward kinetic energy ratio at seat-off. Additionally, the medial-lateral COM control in elderly fallers was also perturbed due to their significant reduction in forward COM velocity. The reduced initial hip extensor moment and increased ankle plantarflexor moment in elderly fallers was associated with their reduced generation of horizontal momentum during STW. Smaller A-P COM-Ankle angles and taking more steps when making a turn demonstrated a reduction in balance control ability in elderly adults. Our analyses suggest that balance control is an important factor contributing to longer STW and turning durations of TUG. Furthermore, lower extremity muscle strength at hip and knee joints demonstrated a stronger association with STW than turning duration. To enhance the early detection of fall risk, we also assessed the ability of balance tests to predict future risk of falling in elderly adults. Our results indicated that biomechanical balance parameters measured during TUG were associated with future fall status. Among all biomechanical parameters investigated, frontal plane balance control parameters appear to be the most significant predictors for future falls. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material.

No description available.

Orientador: José Eduardo Pitelli Turco / Banca: Renato Farias do Valle Junior / Banca: José Carlos Sartori / Banca: Luiz Carlos Pavani / Banca: Adhemar Pitelli Milani / Resumo: A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) é mais frequentemente obtida em diferentes situações e locais por meio de métodos de estimativa. A não verificação do erro da ETo, devido ao uso de instrumentos de medidas, pode conduzir os trabalhos de pesquisa a resultados não confiáveis e inconsistentes. Utilizando os Métodos de Hargreaves; Radiação Solar e Penman-Monteith, com os erros da ETo fixados em 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% e 10%, determinou-se as acurácias dos instrumentos de medidas necessárias para obter a estimativa da ETo, com os erros citados. Os dados foram coletados em uma Estação Meteorológica Automatizada, modelo Vaisala, da Usina Hidroelétrica de Nova Ponte, de propriedade da CEMIG, localizada no Rio Araguari. Estes valores foram registrados por meio da média diária de cada informação. A obtenção da ETo com erros propostos neste trabalho requer instrumentos de medidas com acurácias para os Métodos: de Hargreaves com temperatura do ar de 0,2645% a 2,6335% e radiação líquida de 0,0331% a 0,3315%; de radiação solar com temperatura do ar de 0,15% a 1,47%, velocidade do vento de 0,01% a 0,04%, umidade relativa do ar de 0,14% a 0,1,43% e radiação líquida de 0,02% a 0,23% e o de Penman-Monteith com Temperatura do ar de 0,33% a 3,2%, Velocidade do vento de 0,10% a 1,00%, de Umidade Relativa do ar de 0,06% a 0,58% e de Radiação Líquida entre 0,02% a 0,17%. As acurácias obtidas permitirão selecionar instrumentos de medidas para determinação da ETo, pelos métodos de Penman-Monteith, Hargreaves e Radiação Solar com erros máximos pré-estabelecidos. O método da Radiação Solar apresentou uma maior acurácia dos equipamentos meteorológicos utilizados em relação aos métodos PM (FAO 56) e Hargreaves / Abstract: The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is most often obtained in different situations and locations through estimation methods. The failure to find the error of ETo, due to the use of measuring instruments, can conduct research work to unreliable and inconsistent results. Using Hargreaves, Solar Radiation and Penman-Monteith methods, with ETo errors fixed in 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% ,5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10%, determined the accuracy of the instruments necessary to acquire the estimated ETo with the errors cited. The data were obtained in an Automated Weather Station, Vaisala model, of Nova Ponte Hydroelectric Plant, owned by Cemig, located in Araguari River. These values were recorded by the daily-average of each information. The attainment of ETo with errors proposed in this work requires measurement instruments with accuracies for the methods: Hargreaves with air temperature  0.2645% to  2.6335% and Net Radiation  0.0331% to  0, 3315% of solar radiation in air temperature  0.15% to 1.47%, wind speed  0.01% to 0.04%, Relative Humidity  0.14% of the  0,1,43% and Net Radiation  0.02% to  0.23% and the Penman-Monteith with air temperature  0.33% to 3.2%, wind speed  0 ,  10% to 1.00% RH air  0.06% to 0.58% and net radiation between  0.02% to 0.17%. The accuracy obtained will allow the selection of measurement instruments to determine the ETo by the Penman-Monteith, Hargreaves and Solar Radiation methods with pre-established maximum errors. The solar radiation method showned a greater accuracy of meteorological equipment used in the methods PM (FAO 56) and Hargreaves / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 barral_abcr_me_botfm.pdf: 1083906 bytes, checksum: 2d72bd5b6c72ef6ae4548136776159d9 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Verificar os efeitos da terapia hormonal (TH) sobre o equilíbrio postural em mulheres na pós-menopausa e sua associação com o risco de quedas. Realizou-se estudo transversal com 225 mulheres, idade 45-75 anos, atendidas em Hospital Universitário. As participantes foram divididas em dois grupos: usuárias de TH (n=102) e não usuárias (controle, n=123). Incluíram-se mulheres com amenorréia >12 meses e idade ≥ 45 anos. E se excluíram aquelas com doenças neurológicas ou musculoesqueléticas, história atual de vestibulopatias, déficit visual sem correção, obesidade grau III, usuárias de drogas que alterem o equilíbrio. Consideraram-se usuárias de TH aquelas que faziam uso contínuo há pelo menos seis meses. Foram analisados o histórico de quedas (últimos 24 meses) e as características clínicas e antropométricas. O equilíbrio postural foi avaliado pela estabilometria (plataforma de força), pelo teste de Romberg, pelo alcance funcional e teste do agachamento. Para análise estatística foram empregados o Teste da Mediana, o teste do Qui-Quadrado, regressão logística no risco para queda (odds ratio-OR) e o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. As mulheres usuárias de TH eram mais jovens (53,0 anos vs 57 anos) e de menor tempo de menopausa (5,5 anos vs 10,0 anos) quando comparadas as não usuárias (p<0,05), sem diferenças antropométricas. A frequência de quedas foi significativamente menor entre as usuárias de TH quando comparadas as não usuárias, 51 vs 88 quedas, respectivamente (p<0,05), que apresentaram risco ajustado de 0,49 (IC 95% 0,27-0,88) vez menor para quedas que o grupo de não usuárias. Nos parâmetros estabilométricos, as usuárias de TH apresentaram significantemente menor amplitude de deslocamento latero-lateral e ântero-posterior e menor área de deslocamento quando comparadas as não usuárias (p<0,05). No teste de Romberg notou-se aumento... / To analyze the effects of hormone therapy (HT) on postural balance in postmenopausal women and its association with risk for falls. A crosssectional study was conducted on 225 women aged 45-75 years and cared for at the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital. The participants were divided into two groups: HT users (n=102) and non-users (control, n=123). Women in amenorrhea >12 months and age ≥ 45 years were included. Those with neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, current history of vestibulopathies, uncorrected visual deficit, level-III obesity or drug use that could affect balance were excluded. Women utilizing continuous HT for at least 6 months were considered to be HT users. Histories of falls (last 24 months) as well as clinical and anthropometric characteristics were analyzed. Postural balance was assessed by stabilometry (computerized force platform), Romberg’s test, functional reach test and the crouching test. For statistical analysis were used: the Median test, the Chi-square test, the logistic regression method (odds ratio- OR) for fall risk, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Women users of HT were younger (53.0 years vs. 57 years) and had been menopausal for a shorter period of time (5.5 years vs. 10.0 years) as compared to non-users (p<0.05); no anthropometric differences were observed. The frequency of falls was significantly lower among HT users as compared to non-users, 51 vs. 88 falls, respectively (p<0.05), that presented an adjusted risk of 0.49 (CI 95% 0.27-0.88) time lower of falls than the non-users group. With respect to the stabilometric parameters, HT users showed significantly lower amplitude in latero-lateral and antero-posterior oscillation and a smaller oscillation area as compared to non-users (p<0.05). Romberg’s test showed progressive positive increase as the test difficulty increased; however, significant differences were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

111 Abstract Thesis title: Objectiveness and balance in media: the aspects of administrative law This paper deals with the administrative law aspects of objectivity and balance in light of their role as media content requirements. The first chapter defines "media". Then individual media laws are analyzed and from them basic types of media are derived as understood and regulated by current Czech law. Special attention is given to "public service media", especially to Česká televize (Czech Television) and Český rozhlas (Czech Radio) in subchapter 1.4. The second chapter concerns "objectiveness" and "balance". Firstly they are defined from the perspective of media theory (subchapter 2.1). Then relevant legal institutes regarding objectiveness and balance are identified and interpreted by media law analysis. More detailed interpretation as well as critical evaluation is given to the institutes of administrative nature (subchapter 2.2). The end of the second chapter emphasizes the human rights dimensions of the subject matter. The third chapter concerns Rada pro rozhlasové a televizní vysílání (Council for Radio and Television Broadcasting) which imposes fines as punishment for breaking the principles of objectiveness and balance in the radio and television broadcasting sector. Its legal domain, competence and...

Orientador: Arlene Maria Valente Coimbra / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T22:44:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Montedori_KedmaTeixeira_M.pdf: 1883080 bytes, checksum: 5a9d1864fd5aa1f9ce7426274dea1238 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O medo de cair entre idosos tem recebido destaque como um potencial problema de saúde pública, de importância equivalente a uma queda. O grande interesse no entendimento desse fenômeno se dá principalmente pelas conseqüências negativas que esse pode acarretar. O medo de cair representa uma condição multifatorial, responsável pela restrição de atividades e limitação funcional. O presente estudo, na área da saúde e qualidade de vida na velhice, tem em sua composição dois artigos que investigam o medo de cair em duas populações distintas. O objetivo do artigo um foi identificar os fatores associados ao medo de cair em idosos de comunidade. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, epidemiológico cuja amostra aleatória foi constituída por 2209 idosos, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Sendo (39,67%) homens e (69,33%) mulheres. Os resultados encontrados foram: 72% dos idosos apresentaram medo de cair, 68,59% dos idosos sem histórico de quedas no último ano, apresentaram medo de cair, 85,92% dos idosos que não praticavam Atividade Física Vigorosa (AFV) apresentaram medo de cair. Os fatores de associação ao medo de cair foi composto das variáveis: sexo feminino (p <0,001; OR=2,59 95% IC 2,07-3,23), depressão Escala de Depressão Geriatrica(EDG) (p <0,001; OR=2,12 95% IC 1,56-2,88), AFV (p <0,001; OR=1,90 95% IC 1,47-2,46), necessidade de hospitalização durante o ano anterior (p=0,006; OR=1,41 95% IC 1,12-1,79), maior número de pessoas dependentes (p=0,008; OR=,905 95% IC 0,839-0,975), saúde percebida atual - ruim ou muito ruim (p=0,005; OR=2,212 95% IC 1,25-3,59), quedas no último ano (p=0,02; OR=1,34 95% IC 1,04-1,74). O objetivo do artigo dois foi identificar a influência dos parâmetros de medidas na avaliação do medo de cair e o impacto destes no equilíbrio estático, dinâmico e funcional . Esse foi um estudo transversal observacional com amostra de conveniência, composta por 147 mulheres com 60 anos e mais. A coleta de dados foi feita de maneira cega, tanto na fase de recrutamento quanto na fase da entrevista. Os resultados encontrados foram: a prevalência do medo de cair variou de 78,77 a 96,58%, a idade média foi de 74,93 ± 8,32 anos e a média de comorbidades foi de 3,50 ± 1,59 comorbidades. Houve relação de significância na comparação do medo de cair (pergunta direta) e Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (p=0,025), e medo de cair Falls Eficacy Scole -Internacional - Brasil (FES-I-Brasil) com Timed Up and Go (TUG) (p=0,012). A correlação do medo de cair (0-10) foi estatisticamente significante com TUG (p=0,0175) e BBS (p=0,042) e a correlação do medo de cair (escore total FES-I-Brasil) foi significante para TUG (p<0,001), BBS (p<0,001) e estabilometria (categoria pé direito à frente x) (p=0,045). A partir do modelo univariado, a variável escore total da FES-I-Brasil foi significativamente associada ao equilíbrio dinâmico (TUG) (p<0,001; OR1,088 95% IC 1.045-1.118) e ao equilíbrio funcional (BBS) (p<0,001; OR=1.066 95% IC 1.028-1.104) e a varível medo de cair (0-10) foi estatisticamente associada ao equilíbrio dinâmico (TUG)(p=0.014; OR=1,126 95% IC 1.024 - 1.128) . Pelos resultados da análise multivariada, o escore total da FES-I-BRASIL foi selecionado como sendo significativamente associada ao pior equilíbrio dinâmico (TUG) (p<0,001; OR=1,088) e pior equilíbrio funcional (BBS) (p<0,001; OR=1,071 95% IC 1.031 - 1.113). Conclui-se que os aspectos relacionados ao processo do envelhecimento predispõem à manifestação do medo de cair, bem como a medida escolhida para avaliar esse medo influencia nas conseqüências relativas ao equilíbrio / Abstract: The fear of falling among the elderly has received attention as a potential public health problem of comparable importance to a fall. The great interest in understanding this phenomenon is caused mainly by the negative consequences that may result. Fear of falling is a multifactorial condition responsible for the restricted activity and functional limitation. This study, in the health and quality of life in old age, has in its composition two articles that investigate the fear of falling into two distinct populations. The aim of this paper was to outline a model predictive of fear of falling through the related factors in the elderly community. It was a cross-sectional, epidemiological whose random sample consisted of 2209 individuals aged less than 60 years. As (39.67%) and men (69.33%) women. The results were: 72% of elderly people showed fear of falling, 68.59% of the elderly without a history of falls in the last year, showed fear of falling, 85.92% of the elderly who did not engage in vigorous physical activity (AFV) were afraid of falling. The predictive model of fear of falling was composed of variables: female sex (p <0.001, OR = 2.59 95% CI 2.07 to 3.23), depression (GDS) (p <0.001, OR = 2.12 95% CI 1.56 to 2.88), AFV (p <0.001, OR = 1.90 95% CI 1.47 to 2.46), need for hospitalization during the previous year (p = 0.006, OR = 1 , 41 95% CI 1.12 to 1.79), greater number of dependents (p = 0.008, OR = 905 95% CI 0.839 to 0.975), perceived health today - bad or very bad (p = 0.005, OR = 2.212 95% CI 1.25 to 3.59), falls in the past year (p = 0.02, OR = 1.34 95% CI 1.04 to 1.74). Article 2 The aim was to identify the influence of measurement parameters in the assessment of fear of falling and the impact of static balance, dynamic and functional. This was an observational cross-sectional study with a convenience sample composed of 147 women aged 60 and over. Data collection was done blindly, both at recruitment and during the interview. The results were: the prevalence of fear of falling ranged from 78.77 to 96.58%, the mean age was 74.93 ± 8.32 years and mean comorbidity was 3.50 ± 1.59 comorbidities. There was significant relationship to compare the fear of falling (direct question) and BBS (p = 0.025), and fear of falling Falls Eficacy Scale - Internacional - Brasil (FES-I-Brazil), TUG (p = 0.012). The correlation between fear of falling (0-10) was statistically significant with Timed Up Go (TUG) (p = 0.0175) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (p = 0.042) and the correlation of fear of falling (FES-I total score, Brazil) was significant for TUG ( p <0.001), BBS (p <0.001) and stabilometry (category right foot x) (p = 0.045). From the univariate model, the variable total score of the FES-I-Brazil was significantly associated with the dynamic balance (TUG) (p <0.001; OR1, 088 95% CI 1045-1118) and the functional balance (BBS) (p < 0.001, OR = 1,066 95% CI 1028-1104) and varível fear of falling (0-10) was statistically associated with the dynamic balance (TUG) (p = 0.014, OR = 1.126 95% CI 1024 to 1128). The results of the multivariate analysis, the total score of the FES-I-BRAZIL has been selected as being significantly associated with worse dynamic balance (TUG) (p <0.001, OR = 1.088) and worse functional balance (BBS) (p <0.001, OR 95% CI = 1.071 from 1031 to 1113). We conclude that the aspects related to the aging process predispose the manifestation of fear of falling, and the measure chosen to evaluate the consequences that fear influences on the balance / Mestrado / Gerontologia / Mestre em Gerontologia