Medicine balls have traditionally been used to develop upper body strength through catching and throwing exercises. Medicine ball training is also designed to enhance power, strength, flexibility and agility. In addition, they are used for abdominal strength gains and rehabilitation exercises for various injuries to the upper torso.

The present thesis intents on analysing the truncated matricial Hamburger power moment problem in the general (degenerate and non-degenerate) case. Initiated due to manifold lines of research, by this time, outnumbering results and thoughts have been established that are concerned with specific subproblems within this field. The resulting presence of such a diversity as well as an extensively considered topic si- multaneously involves advantageous as well as obstructive aspects: on the one hand, we adopt the favourable possibility to capitalise on essential available results that proved beneficial within subsequent research. Nevertheless, on the other hand, we are obliged to illustrate major preparatory work in order to illucidate the comprehension of the attaching examination. Moreover, treating the matricial cases of the respective problems requires meticulous technical demands, in particular, in view of the chosen explicit approach to solving the considered tasks. Consequently, the first part of this thesis is dedicated to furnishing the necessary basis arranging the prime results of this research paper. Compul- sary notation as well as objects are introduced and thoroughly explained. Furthermore, the required techniques in order to achieve the desired results are characterised and ex- haustively discussed. Concerning the respective findings, we are afforded the opportunity to seise presentations and results that are, by this time, elaborately studied. Being equipped with mandatory cognisance, the thematically bipartite second and pivo- tal part objectives to describe all the possible values of all the solution functions of the truncated matricial Hamburger power moment problem M P [R; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤]. Aming this, we realise a first paramount achievement epitomising one of the two parts of the main results: Capturing an established representation of the solution set R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤] of the assigned matricial Hamburger moment problem via operating a specific algorithm of Schur-type, we expand these findings. We formulate a parameterisation of the set R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤] which is compatible with establishing respective equivalence classes within a certain subset of Nevanlinna pairs and utilise specific systems of orthogonal polynomials in order to entrench novel representations. In conclusion, we receive a para- meterisation that is valid within the entire upper open complex half-plane Π + . The second of the two prime parts changes focus to analysing all possible values of the functions belonging to R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤] in an arbitrary point w ∈ Π + . We gain two decisive conclusions: We identify these respective values to exhaust particular matrix balls 2n K[(s j ) 2n j=0 , w] := {F (w) | F ∈ R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) j=0 , ≤]} the parameters of which are feasable to being described by specific rational matrix-valued functions and, in this course, enhance formerly established analyses. Moreover, we compile an alternative representation of the semi-radii constructing the respective matrix balls which manifests supportive in further consideration. We seise the achieved parameterisation of the set K[(s j ) 2n j=0 , w] and examine the behaviour of the respective sequences of left and right semi-radii. We recognise that these sequences of semi-radii associated with the respective matrix balls in the general case admit a particular monotonic behaviour. Consequently, with increasing number of given data, the resulting matrix balls are identified as being nested. Moreover, a proper description of the limit case of an infinite number of prescribed moments is facilitated.:1. Brief Historic Embedding and Introduction 2. Part I: Initialising Compulsary Cognisance Arranging Principal Achievements 2.1. Notation and Preliminaries 2.2. Particular Classes of Holomorphic Matrix-Valued Functions 2.3. Nevanlinna Pairs 2.4. Block Hankel Matrices 2.5. A Schur-Type Algorithm for Sequences of Complex p × q Matrices 2.6. Specific Matrix Polynomials 3. Part II: Momentous Results and Exposition – Improved Parameterisations of the Set R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤] 3.1. An Essential Step to a Parameterisation of the Solution Set R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 , ≤] 3.2. Parameterisation of the Solution Set R 0,q [Π + ; (s j ) 2n j=0 3.3. Particular Matrix Polynomials 3.4. Description of the Solution Set of the Truncated Matricial Hamburger Moment Problem by a Certain System of Orthogonal Matrix Polynomials 4. Part III: Prime Results and Exposition – Novel Description Balls 4.1. Particular Rational Matrix-Valued Functions 4.2. Description of the Values of the Solutions 4.3. Monotony of the Semi-Radii and Limit Balls of the Weyl Matrix 5. Summary of Principal Achievements and Prospects A. Matrix Theory B. Integration Theory of Non-Negative Hermitian Measures

Rounded objects, such as spheroids, are frequently found throughout the Fremont region. Because little information is known about these spheroids, this comprehensive analysis of spheroids contributes to definitions of and variation among Fremont spherical objects. I analyzed over 400 Fremont spheroids recording the size, weight, stone type, and other quantifiable aspects for each spheroid. The provenience of spheroids highlights some of the patterns and variability within the Fremont world. I also compare ethnographic accounts of purposes of spheroids in hopes to develop a better understanding of the function of these objects.

No description available.

A system was designed, built and tested in order to test the aerodynamic properties of a standard golf ball in a wind tunnel manufactured by ELD, Inc. model 406(B). The system consists of a rotating shaft, on which the golf ball is attached, connected to a two-axis force transducer. Additionally, an automated data acquisition system was built for enhanced precision of measurements. Data for wind speeds up to 160 ft/s and rotational speeds up to 8,600 rpm were obtained and analyzed. The purpose of the designed apparatus was to allow for studies to better understand the lift and drag coefficients of golf balls during their flight. Subsequent to testing, it was found that the force transducer was not adequate to measure the lift and drag coefficients with sufficient accuracy. Several suggestions have been made on how to improve the wind tunnel so that better results might be obtained in the future.

Représenter un objet géométrique complexe par un ensemble de primitives simples est une tâche souvent fondamentale, que ce soit pour la reconstruction et la réparation de données, ou encore pour faciliter la visualisation ou la manipulation des données. Le choix de la ou les primitives, ainsi que celui de la méthode d'approximation, impactent fortement les propriétés de la représentation de forme qui sera obtenue.Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons les boules comme seule primitive. Nous prenons ainsi un grand soin à décrire les unions finies de boules et leur structure. Pour cela, nous nous reposons sur les faisceaux de boules. En particulier, nous aboutissons à une description valide en toute dimension, sans hypothèse de position générale. En chemin, nous obtenons également plusieurs résultats portant sur les tests d'inclusion locale et globale dans une union de boules.Nous proposons également une nouvelle méthode d'approximation par union finie de boules, l'approximation par boules à (delta,epsilon)-près. Cette approche contraint l'union de boules à couvrir un sous-ensemble de la forme d'origine (précisément, un epsilon-érodé), tout en étant contenu dans un sur-ensemble de la forme (un delta-dilaté). En nous appuyant sur nos précédents résultats portant sur les unions de boules, nous démontrons plusieurs propriétés de ces approximations. Nous verrons ainsi que calculer une approximation par boules à (delta,epsilon)-près qui soit de cardinal minimum est un problème NP-complet. Pour des formes simples dans le plan, nous présentons un algorithme polynomial en temps et en espace qui permet de calculer ces approximations de cardinal minimum. Nous concluons par une généralisation de notre méthode d'approximation pour une plus large variété de sous-ensembles et sur-ensembles. / Describing a complex geometric shape with a set of simple primitives is often a fundamental task for shape reconstruction, visualization, analysis and manipulation. The type of primitives, as well as the choice of approximation scheme, both greatly impact the properties of the resulting shape representation.In this PhD, we focus on balls as primitives. Using pencils of balls, we carefully describe finite unions of balls and their structure. In particular, our description holds in all dimension without assuming general position. On our way, we also establish various results and tools to test local and global inclusions within these unions.We also propose a new approximation scheme by union of balls, the (delta,epsilon)-ball approximation. This scheme constrains the approximation to cover a core subset of the original shape (specifically, an epsilon-erosion), while being contained within a superset of the shape (a delta-dilation). Using our earlier results regarding finite unions of balls, we prove several properties of these approximations. We show that computing a cardinal minimum (delta,epsilon)-ball approximation is an NP-complete problem. For simple planar shapes however, we present a polynomial time and space algorithm that outputs a cardinal minimum approximation. We then conclude by generalizing the approximation scheme to a wider range of core subsets and bounding supersets.

A Praia do Cassino, localizada no sul do Brasil, é freqüentemente coberta por extensivos depósitos de lama, ocasionando importantes efeitos de curta e longa duração. Alterações no volume das precipitações interferem diretamente no escoamento fluvial e, conseqüentemente, no volume de sedimentos que aportam na Lagoa dos Patos. Dados do regime de precipitação ao longo de 15 estações pluviométricas no período de 1968 a 2008 foram analisados estatisticamente e correlacionadas com eventos de El Niño e La Niña e com a ocorrência de lama na praia do Cassino. Períodos de El Niño e La Niña estão associados com precipitações acima e abaixo da normal, respectivamente, principalmente durante a primavera. Além disso, as anomalias climáticas apresentam influência potencial nos depósitos lamíticos do Cassino. Durante os eventos de El Niño são registradas precipitações mais intensas e, com um tempo de resposta mais rápido a partir do início da anomalia no Oceano Pacífico, além de um intervalo de tempo menor entre os eventos de deposição. As precipitações nas bacias da região sul, nas adjacências da Lagoa dos Patos, apresentam uma forte relação com esta anomalia. Em eventos de La Niña são observadas precipitação mais moderadas além de um período de tempo maior entre o início da anomalia negativa na TSM no Oceano Pacífico e os depósitos de lama. A bacia hidrográfica localizada ao norte da Lagoa dos Patos apresenta uma influência predominante sobre a precipitação durante esse evento. Foi analisada a provável fonte mineralógica das argilas presentes na praia do Cassino e adjacências a Lagoa dos Patos, por meio de difratometria de raio-X. A esmectita é o argilomineral predominante na plataforma continental e praia do Cassino enquanto que na Lagoa dos Patos o argilomineral mais abundante é a ilita. A aplicação da análise estatística paramétrica e multivariadas, juntamente com pesquisas bibliográficas permitiram definir as principais fontes de dispersão da lama na região costeira. / Cassino Beach, placed in the south of Brazil, is frequently covered by extensive deposition of mud which causes important short and long term effects on the beach environment, as well as on the tour activities of the region. Oscillations on the volume of rainfall interferes directly on the basins fluvial outflow and consequently on the volume of sediments that flow into Patos Lagoons System. Data record of the rainfall regime of fifteen rain gauge stations in the period between 1968 and 2008 were analyzed statistically and correlated with the events of El Niño and La Niña and with the occurrence of mud in Cassino beach. The periods are associated with rainfall that is above and below average both El Niño and La Niña occur, especially during spring. Frequently climate anomalies have potential influenced on the mud deposition in Cassino Beach. Duriing El Niño’s events, more intense rainfall is registered and its response is faster considering the time of the beginning of the anomaly in the Pacific Ocean. Besides that the interval between the events of deposition have become shorter. Rainfall in the south basin region adjacent to the Patos Lagoons Systems, have a strong relation with this anomaly. During La Niña’s events more moderate rainfalls are observed, as well as a longer interval between the beginning of the negative anomaly in the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean and the deposition of mud. The basin drainage located on the north of Patos Lagoons Beach has a predominant influence over rainfall during this event. Eventually, the presumable mineral source of the clay found in Cassino Beach and adjacent to Patos Lagoons Systems was analyzed through x-ray diffraction. Smectite are the predominant clay minerals on the continental platform and on Cassino Beach while the sediment found in Patos Lagoons Systems presents higher concentration of iIlite. The sources and dispersal mud in the coastline region was defined with used the parametric and multivariate statistical analysis and bibliographical review.

A Praia do Cassino, localizada no sul do Brasil, é freqüentemente coberta por extensivos depósitos de lama, ocasionando importantes efeitos de curta e longa duração. Alterações no volume das precipitações interferem diretamente no escoamento fluvial e, conseqüentemente, no volume de sedimentos que aportam na Lagoa dos Patos. Dados do regime de precipitação ao longo de 15 estações pluviométricas no período de 1968 a 2008 foram analisados estatisticamente e correlacionadas com eventos de El Niño e La Niña e com a ocorrência de lama na praia do Cassino. Períodos de El Niño e La Niña estão associados com precipitações acima e abaixo da normal, respectivamente, principalmente durante a primavera. Além disso, as anomalias climáticas apresentam influência potencial nos depósitos lamíticos do Cassino. Durante os eventos de El Niño são registradas precipitações mais intensas e, com um tempo de resposta mais rápido a partir do início da anomalia no Oceano Pacífico, além de um intervalo de tempo menor entre os eventos de deposição. As precipitações nas bacias da região sul, nas adjacências da Lagoa dos Patos, apresentam uma forte relação com esta anomalia. Em eventos de La Niña são observadas precipitação mais moderadas além de um período de tempo maior entre o início da anomalia negativa na TSM no Oceano Pacífico e os depósitos de lama. A bacia hidrográfica localizada ao norte da Lagoa dos Patos apresenta uma influência predominante sobre a precipitação durante esse evento. Foi analisada a provável fonte mineralógica das argilas presentes na praia do Cassino e adjacências a Lagoa dos Patos, por meio de difratometria de raio-X. A esmectita é o argilomineral predominante na plataforma continental e praia do Cassino enquanto que na Lagoa dos Patos o argilomineral mais abundante é a ilita. A aplicação da análise estatística paramétrica e multivariadas, juntamente com pesquisas bibliográficas permitiram definir as principais fontes de dispersão da lama na região costeira. / Cassino Beach, placed in the south of Brazil, is frequently covered by extensive deposition of mud which causes important short and long term effects on the beach environment, as well as on the tour activities of the region. Oscillations on the volume of rainfall interferes directly on the basins fluvial outflow and consequently on the volume of sediments that flow into Patos Lagoons System. Data record of the rainfall regime of fifteen rain gauge stations in the period between 1968 and 2008 were analyzed statistically and correlated with the events of El Niño and La Niña and with the occurrence of mud in Cassino beach. The periods are associated with rainfall that is above and below average both El Niño and La Niña occur, especially during spring. Frequently climate anomalies have potential influenced on the mud deposition in Cassino Beach. Duriing El Niño’s events, more intense rainfall is registered and its response is faster considering the time of the beginning of the anomaly in the Pacific Ocean. Besides that the interval between the events of deposition have become shorter. Rainfall in the south basin region adjacent to the Patos Lagoons Systems, have a strong relation with this anomaly. During La Niña’s events more moderate rainfalls are observed, as well as a longer interval between the beginning of the negative anomaly in the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean and the deposition of mud. The basin drainage located on the north of Patos Lagoons Beach has a predominant influence over rainfall during this event. Eventually, the presumable mineral source of the clay found in Cassino Beach and adjacent to Patos Lagoons Systems was analyzed through x-ray diffraction. Smectite are the predominant clay minerals on the continental platform and on Cassino Beach while the sediment found in Patos Lagoons Systems presents higher concentration of iIlite. The sources and dispersal mud in the coastline region was defined with used the parametric and multivariate statistical analysis and bibliographical review.

A Praia do Cassino, localizada no sul do Brasil, é freqüentemente coberta por extensivos depósitos de lama, ocasionando importantes efeitos de curta e longa duração. Alterações no volume das precipitações interferem diretamente no escoamento fluvial e, conseqüentemente, no volume de sedimentos que aportam na Lagoa dos Patos. Dados do regime de precipitação ao longo de 15 estações pluviométricas no período de 1968 a 2008 foram analisados estatisticamente e correlacionadas com eventos de El Niño e La Niña e com a ocorrência de lama na praia do Cassino. Períodos de El Niño e La Niña estão associados com precipitações acima e abaixo da normal, respectivamente, principalmente durante a primavera. Além disso, as anomalias climáticas apresentam influência potencial nos depósitos lamíticos do Cassino. Durante os eventos de El Niño são registradas precipitações mais intensas e, com um tempo de resposta mais rápido a partir do início da anomalia no Oceano Pacífico, além de um intervalo de tempo menor entre os eventos de deposição. As precipitações nas bacias da região sul, nas adjacências da Lagoa dos Patos, apresentam uma forte relação com esta anomalia. Em eventos de La Niña são observadas precipitação mais moderadas além de um período de tempo maior entre o início da anomalia negativa na TSM no Oceano Pacífico e os depósitos de lama. A bacia hidrográfica localizada ao norte da Lagoa dos Patos apresenta uma influência predominante sobre a precipitação durante esse evento. Foi analisada a provável fonte mineralógica das argilas presentes na praia do Cassino e adjacências a Lagoa dos Patos, por meio de difratometria de raio-X. A esmectita é o argilomineral predominante na plataforma continental e praia do Cassino enquanto que na Lagoa dos Patos o argilomineral mais abundante é a ilita. A aplicação da análise estatística paramétrica e multivariadas, juntamente com pesquisas bibliográficas permitiram definir as principais fontes de dispersão da lama na região costeira. / Cassino Beach, placed in the south of Brazil, is frequently covered by extensive deposition of mud which causes important short and long term effects on the beach environment, as well as on the tour activities of the region. Oscillations on the volume of rainfall interferes directly on the basins fluvial outflow and consequently on the volume of sediments that flow into Patos Lagoons System. Data record of the rainfall regime of fifteen rain gauge stations in the period between 1968 and 2008 were analyzed statistically and correlated with the events of El Niño and La Niña and with the occurrence of mud in Cassino beach. The periods are associated with rainfall that is above and below average both El Niño and La Niña occur, especially during spring. Frequently climate anomalies have potential influenced on the mud deposition in Cassino Beach. Duriing El Niño’s events, more intense rainfall is registered and its response is faster considering the time of the beginning of the anomaly in the Pacific Ocean. Besides that the interval between the events of deposition have become shorter. Rainfall in the south basin region adjacent to the Patos Lagoons Systems, have a strong relation with this anomaly. During La Niña’s events more moderate rainfalls are observed, as well as a longer interval between the beginning of the negative anomaly in the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean and the deposition of mud. The basin drainage located on the north of Patos Lagoons Beach has a predominant influence over rainfall during this event. Eventually, the presumable mineral source of the clay found in Cassino Beach and adjacent to Patos Lagoons Systems was analyzed through x-ray diffraction. Smectite are the predominant clay minerals on the continental platform and on Cassino Beach while the sediment found in Patos Lagoons Systems presents higher concentration of iIlite. The sources and dispersal mud in the coastline region was defined with used the parametric and multivariate statistical analysis and bibliographical review.

The doctoral thesis is focused on research on application possibilities of soldered interconnection structures especially for the use with innovative 3D structures assembled using the LTCC ceramic materials, PVD deposited and galvanically modified pads, solid core solder balls. It consists of several main parts. Introduction is followed by theoretical survey of current situation and technologies. Thesis continues with introduction of main goals and with summary of successively performed experiments and their results. End of the work belongs to summary of results and gained knowledge.