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Literature about two illusions that are traditionally linked to lateral inhibitory processes in the retina is surveyed. Despite much research and a long history, the Mach bands illusion has not yet been very well-understood. Quantitative data is lacking, while qualitative data is controversial. The Hennann Grid illusion, equally old, has not yet been fully explored either. A critical and a comparative review of the experiments and the conclusions is carried out, noting common results as well as contradictory ones. New experiments and a different method of measurement are then proposed. Some preliminary experiments and their results are included in the appendix together with a review of recent knowledge about the primate retina and its functioning. / Master of Science

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of three practice conditions on beginning band instrumentalists’ performance of a short musical selection. Fifty- nine sixth grade beginning band students were randomly assigned to either a physical practice, mental practice, or no practice (control) treatment. A pre-test score was obtained by having each subject sightread selection #2 from Form A of the Watkins/Farnum Performance Scale. Subjects were then given instructions according to the practice condition to which they had been assigned. After a three minute practice session, subjects were asked to perform selection #2 from Form B of the Watkins/Farnum Performance Scale to obtain a post-test score. All of the performances were tape recorded and scored on the basis of correct pitches and rhythm patterns by three music teachers. Mean scores were analyzed using a one-way ANCOVA and a Scheffe’ Test. The results of the study indicated that students in the physical practice condition scored significantly higher than those in the control group. Mental practice was not significantly different from either the physical practice or no practice (control) groups. / Master of Science

Yes / Four versions of the compact hexagonal-shaped monopole printed antennas for UWB applications are presented. The first proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 127.48 % (3.1 GHz to 14 GHz), which satisfies the bandwidth for ultra-wideband communication systems. To reduce the foreseen co-channel interference with WLAN (5.2GHz) and X-Band systems (10GHz), the second and third antennas type were generated by embedding hexagonal slot on the top of the radiating patch. The integration of the half and full hexagonal slots created notched bands that potentially filtered out the sources of interference, but were static in nature. Therefore, a fourth antenna type with tuneable-notched bands was designed by adding a varactor diode at an appropriate location within the slot. The fourth antenna type is a dual-notch that was electronically and simultaneously tuned from 3.2GHz to 5.1GHz and from 7.25GHz up to 9.9GHz by varying the bias voltages across the varactor. The prototypes of the four antenna versions were successfully fabricated and tested. The measured results have good agreement with the simulated results. / This work is carried out under the grant of the Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT - Portugal), with the reference number: SFRH/BPD/95110/2013.

The need for more efficient and comprehensive teaching in the field of rhythms justifies the writer in making a more thorough study of the organization, place and significance of a rhythm band in the elementary school curriculum.

Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-25T16:45:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6201628 bytes, checksum: 5b2d8aac763ce532f18c8b5e2488e8cf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T16:45:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6201628 bytes, checksum: 5b2d8aac763ce532f18c8b5e2488e8cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work aims to characterize and analyze the performance of the band "Cabaçal Padre Cicero" through existing structural aesthetic elements related to the historical, social and economic context, in addition to relations between musicians and the audience. At first the work was structured upon a methodological basis mainly based on fieldwork with participant observation. By recording in photographs, using audio and video it has been possible to collect consistent information for further characterization and analysis of the performance of the group in question. Subsequently a brief study was conducted about the terms that are present in the whole of the group and research on the Cabaçais bands. The key concepts culture, tradition, modernity and folklore were characterized and contextualized in the research and understanding of them became essential to the understanding of the group's performance and relationships that shape their musicality. Understanding the Cabaçais bands in their historical, aesthetic and structural aspects was essential for the process of cultural exchanges and the changes built into their practice and musical language, from their private interaction as the modern world could understand. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo caracterizar e analisar a performance da banda cabaçal Padre Cícero através dos elementos estéticos-estruturais existentes relacionados com o contexto histórico, social e econômico, além das relações entre músicos e público. Em um primeiro momento foi estruturado o trabalho em cima de uma base metodológica baseada principalmente na pesquisa de campo com observação participante. Através do registro em fotografias, áudio e vídeo foi possível coletar informações consistentes para posterior caracterização e análise da performance do grupo em questão. Posteriormente, foi realizado um breve estudo sobre os termos que se fazem presentes no universo do grupo e em pesquisas realizadas sobre as bandas cabaçais. Os conceitos-chaves cultura, tradição, modernidade e folclore foram caracterizados e contextualizados na pesquisa e o entendimento dos mesmos se fez essencial para a compreensão da performance do grupo e as relações moldam sua musicalidade. Entender as bandas cabaçais em seus aspectos históricos, estéticos e estruturais foi imprescindível para que o processo de trocas culturais e as transformações e permanências construídas em sua prática e linguagem musical, a partir de sua interação particular como o mundo moderno, pudessem ser compreendidos.

No description available.